{"id":109556,"date":"2022-11-22T08:45:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-22T13:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/?post_type=issue&#038;p=109556"},"modified":"2022-11-22T09:46:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-22T05:46:00","slug":"2022-volume-66-tome-4","status":"publish","type":"issue","link":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/cpv-issue\/2022-volume-66-tome-4\/","title":{"rendered":"2022 \u2013 VOLUME 66 \u2013 Tome 4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vol 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022<\/p>\n<p>P<br \/>\nM<\/p>\n<p> #<br \/>\n40<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n82<\/p>\n<p>49<br \/>\n R<\/p>\n<p>et<br \/>\nur<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nun<\/p>\n<p>de<br \/>\nli<\/p>\n<p>ve<br \/>\nra<\/p>\n<p>bl<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>C<br \/>\nan<\/p>\n<p>ad<br \/>\nia<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nIt<\/p>\n<p>em<br \/>\ns <\/p>\n<p>to<br \/>\n: A<\/p>\n<p>pp<br \/>\nra<\/p>\n<p>is<br \/>\nal<\/p>\n<p> In<br \/>\nst<\/p>\n<p>it<br \/>\nut<\/p>\n<p>e<br \/>\nof<\/p>\n<p> C<br \/>\nan<\/p>\n<p>ad<br \/>\na,<\/p>\n<p> 4<br \/>\n03<\/p>\n<p>-2<br \/>\n00<\/p>\n<p> C<br \/>\nat<\/p>\n<p>he<br \/>\nri<\/p>\n<p>ne<br \/>\n S<\/p>\n<p>t.<br \/>\n, O<\/p>\n<p>tt<br \/>\naw<\/p>\n<p>a,<br \/>\n O<\/p>\n<p>N<br \/>\n K<\/p>\n<p>2P<br \/>\n 2<\/p>\n<p>K<br \/>\n9<\/p>\n<p>The Official Publication of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada \/<br \/>\nPublication officielle de l&rsquo;Institut<br \/>\ncanadien des \u00e9valuateurs<\/p>\n<p>2022-23 AIC PRESIDENT:<br \/>\nCAREER SUCCESS<br \/>\nBUILT ON PASSION<br \/>\nPr\u00e9sidente de l&rsquo;ICE :<br \/>\nLa r\u00e9ussite professionnelle<br \/>\nfond\u00e9e sur la passion<\/p>\n<p>NAVIGATING INTELLIGENT<br \/>\nWATER SYSTEMS:<br \/>\nHEALTH, SAFETY,<br \/>\nAND RISK MITIGATION<br \/>\nUtilisation des<br \/>\nr\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation<br \/>\nen eau intelligents :<br \/>\nsant\u00e9, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et<br \/>\nr\u00e9duction des risques<\/p>\n<p>ARBITRATING<br \/>\n\u2018FAIR MARKET RENTAL\u2019<br \/>\nIN COMMERCIAL<br \/>\nRENT REVIEWS<br \/>\nArbitrage du<br \/>\n\u00ab juste loyer marchand \u00bb<br \/>\ndans les examens de<br \/>\nlocation commerciale<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019INTUITION et son r\u00f4le dans<br \/>\nla m\u00e9thode de comparaison directe<\/p>\n<p>INTUITION and its role in<br \/>\nthe Direct Comparison Approach<\/p>\n<p>Immobili\u00e8re au Canada<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property<\/p>\n<p>mailto:canada.valuation@avisonyoung.com<\/p>\n<p>\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<\/p>\n<p>\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\t\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd \ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<\/p>\n<p>\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<\/p>\n<p>For more information, please contact:<\/p>\n<p>Dave Black<br \/>\nAACI, P. App., MRICS<br \/>\nExecutive Vice President &#038; National Practice Lead<br \/>\nJLL Valuation Advisory<br \/>\nDave.Black@am.jll.com<br \/>\njll.ca\/value<\/p>\n<p>mailto:Dave.Black@am.jll.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/jll.ca\/value<\/p>\n<p>Be the expert<br \/>\nColliers is seeking motivated appraisers to join our<br \/>\nValuation and Advisory Services team.<\/p>\n<p>Colliers recently introduced new market leading report<br \/>\nwriting software which upon its introduction increased<br \/>\naverage report production speeds by upwards of 30%.<br \/>\nColliers AACI designated appraisers in Canada had an<br \/>\naverage net compensation in 2021 in excess of $382,000.<br \/>\nReach out today to learn how to leverage Colliers brand,<br \/>\ntechnology and resources to take your career to the next<br \/>\nlevel.<\/p>\n<p>Contact Lisa McAteer at LLiissaa.MMccAAtteeeerr@@ccoolllliieerrss..ccoomm  to<br \/>\nlearn more about joining Valuation &#038; Advisory Services<br \/>\nat Colliers International.<\/p>\n<p>colliers.com<\/p>\n<p>mailto:Lisa.McAteer@colliers.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/colliers.com<\/p>\n<p>The articles printed in<br \/>\nthis issue represent<br \/>\nauthors\u2019 opinions only<br \/>\nand are not necessarily<br \/>\nendorsed by the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute<br \/>\nof Canada. Copyright<br \/>\n2022 by the Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada.<br \/>\nAll rights reserved.<br \/>\nReproduction in whole<br \/>\nor in part without<br \/>\nwritten permission<br \/>\nis strictly prohibited.<br \/>\nSubscription, $40.00 per<br \/>\nyear. Printed in Canada. <\/p>\n<p>Les articles imprim\u00e9s dans<br \/>\nce num\u00e9ro ne rep\u00e9sentent<br \/>\nque l\u2019opinion de leur auteur<br \/>\nrespectif, mais ne sont pas<br \/>\nn\u00e9cessairement endoss\u00e9s<br \/>\npar l&rsquo;Institut canadien des<br \/>\n\u00e9valuateurs. Tous droits<br \/>\nreserv\u00e9s 2022 par l&rsquo;Institut<br \/>\ncanadien des \u00e9valuateurs.<br \/>\nLa reproduction totale ou<br \/>\npartielle sous quelque<br \/>\nforme que se soit sans<br \/>\nauthorisation \u00e9crite est<br \/>\nabsolument interdite.<br \/>\nAbonnement 40,00 $ par<br \/>\nann\u00e9e. Imprim\u00e9 au Canada.<\/p>\n<p>* The Appraisal Institute of<br \/>\nCanada reserves the right<br \/>\nto reject advertising that it<br \/>\ndeems to be inappropriate.<\/p>\n<p>** The publisher and the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada<br \/>\ncannot be held liable for<br \/>\nany material used or claims<br \/>\nmade in advertising included<br \/>\nin this publication.Indexed<br \/>\nin the Canadian Business<br \/>\nIndex and available on-line<br \/>\nin the Canadian Business &#038;<br \/>\nCurrent Affairs database.<br \/>\nISSN 0827-2697<\/p>\n<p>Publication Mails Agreement<br \/>\n#40008249<\/p>\n<p>Return undeliverable<br \/>\nCanadian items to:<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada<br \/>\n403-200 Catherine St.,<br \/>\nOttawa, ON K2P 2K9. <\/p>\n<p>Manager, Communications:<br \/>\nHaddy John, Ottawa<\/p>\n<p>Publication management,<br \/>\ndesign and production by:<br \/>\nDirection, conception et<br \/>\nproduction par :<\/p>\n<p>3rd Floor \u2013 2020 Portage<br \/>\nAvenue, Winnipeg,<br \/>\nMB R3J 0K4<br \/>\nPhone: 866-985-9780<br \/>\nFax: 866-985-9799<br \/>\nE-mail: info@kelman.ca<br \/>\nWeb: www.kelman.ca<\/p>\n<p>Managing Editor:<br \/>\nCraig Kelman<\/p>\n<p>Design\/Layout:<br \/>\nJackie Magat<\/p>\n<p>Marketing Manager:<br \/>\nKris Fillion<\/p>\n<p>Advertising Co-ordinator:<br \/>\nStefanie Hagidiakow<\/p>\n<p>  9 Executive Corner<br \/>\n2022-23 AIC President: Career success built on passion<\/p>\n<p>38 Legal Matters<br \/>\nArbitrating \u2018fair market rental\u2019 in commercial rent reviews<\/p>\n<p>46 Advocacy<br \/>\nSubmission for the pre-budget consultation in<br \/>\nadvance of the 2023 Federal Budget<\/p>\n<p>52 News<br \/>\n\u2022 Save the Date: 2023 AIC National Conference<br \/>\n\u2022 Important Dates<br \/>\n\u2022 In Memoriam<br \/>\n\u2022 2022 Photo Contest winners<\/p>\n<p>54 Designations, Candidates, Students<\/p>\n<p>14 Le coin de l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cutif<br \/>\nPr\u00e9sidente de l&rsquo;ICE 2022-23 :<br \/>\nLa r\u00e9ussite professionnelle fond\u00e9e sur la passion<\/p>\n<p>42 Questions juridiques<br \/>\nArbitrage du \u00ab juste loyer marchand \u00bb<br \/>\ndans les examens de location commerciale<\/p>\n<p>49 D\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats<br \/>\nM\u00e9moire pour la consultation pr\u00e9-budg\u00e9taire<br \/>\nen pr\u00e9vision du budget f\u00e9d\u00e9ral<\/p>\n<p>52 Nouvelles<br \/>\n\u2022 R\u00e9servez cette date : Le Congr\u00e8s national 2023 de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\n\u2022 Dates importantes<br \/>\n\u2022 En m\u00e9moire<br \/>\n\u2022 Gagnants du concours de photos 2022<\/p>\n<p>54 D\u00e9signations, stagiaires, \u00e9tudiants<\/p>\n<p>COLUMNS CHRONIQUES<\/p>\n<p>Suzanne de Jong:<br \/>\nCareer success built on passion<\/p>\n<p>Suzanne de Jong : La r\u00e9ussite<br \/>\nprofessionnelle fond\u00e9e sur la passion<\/p>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>Navigating intelligent water systems:<br \/>\nhealth, safety, and risk mitigation<br \/>\nUtilisation des r\u00e9seaux<br \/>\nd\u2019alimentation en eau intelligents :<br \/>\nsant\u00e9, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et r\u00e9duction des risques<\/p>\n<p>Intuition and its role in<br \/>\nthe Direct Comparison Approach<br \/>\nL\u2019intuition et son r\u00f4le dans<br \/>\nla m\u00e9thode de comparaison directe<\/p>\n<p>30<\/p>\n<p>18<\/p>\n<p>mailto:info@kelman.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.kelman.ca<\/p>\n<p>Le Congr\u00e8s de l\u2019ICE 2023<br \/>\nR\u00c9SERVEZ LA DATE !<\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est le temps de commencer \u00e0 planifier votre voyage \u00e0 Vancouver,<br \/>\nColombie-Britannique !<\/p>\n<p>Le comit\u00e9 du Congr\u00e8s de l\u2019ICE 2023 a travaill\u00e9 fort pour<br \/>\nmettre au point une exp\u00e9rience de congr\u00e8s des plus dynamiques<br \/>\net m\u00e9morables. Soyez des n\u00f4tres au sein de ce port marin tr\u00e8s<br \/>\nanim\u00e9 de la c\u00f4te ouest, du 31 mai au 3 juin 2023. Renouez avec des<br \/>\ncoll\u00e8gues et des chefs de file de l\u2019industrie canadienne, faites de<br \/>\nnouveaux contacts, gagnez des cr\u00e9dits de PPC et d\u00e9couvrez ce que<br \/>\nVancouver a de meilleur \u00e0 offrir !<\/p>\n<p>Encore une fois cette ann\u00e9e, l\u2019ICE est heureuse d\u2019offrir un congr\u00e8s<br \/>\nsous forme d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement hybride, avec une composante immersive en<br \/>\npersonne et une option virtuelle pour les participants en ligne\/\u00e0 distance.<\/p>\n<p>Pour plus de d\u00e9tails, visitez le site web : https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/<br \/>\nfr\/evenements-aic\/conference-annuelle-2023\/<\/p>\n<p>2023 National Conference<br \/>\nSAVE THE DATE!<\/p>\n<p>It&rsquo;s time to start preparing for your trip to Vancouver,<br \/>\nBritish Columbia!<\/p>\n<p>AIC&rsquo;s 2023 Conference Committee has been hard at<br \/>\nwork planning another dynamic and memorable conference<br \/>\nexperience. Join us in this bustling west coast seaport from<br \/>\nMay 31 to June 3, 2023. Reconnect with colleagues from<br \/>\nacross Canada, connect with thought leaders and industry<br \/>\nactors, earn CPD credits, and experience the best of what<br \/>\nVancouver has to offer!<\/p>\n<p>AIC is excited to, again, host the national conference as<br \/>\na hybrid event this year; with both an immersive in-person<br \/>\nexperience and a virtual option for online\/distance attendees. <\/p>\n<p>For more details:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/aic-events\/2023-annual-conference\/<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 6 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/evenements-aic\/conference-annuelle-2023\/<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/aic-events\/2023-annual-conference\/<\/p>\n<p>2023 Conference<br \/>\nKeynote Speakers:<br \/>\nOpening Keynote: Zahra Al-Harazi<br \/>\nAward-Winning Entrepreneur<br \/>\nPurpose-Driven Leadership Expert<br \/>\nConsidered among Canada\u2019s most successful<br \/>\nentrepreneurs, Al-Harazi helps people and<br \/>\norganizations realize their potential for success by<br \/>\nfinding their purpose. She draws on her experience<br \/>\nas a pioneering woman in the business world with a<br \/>\nunique approach to attitude, leadership, and success, as well<br \/>\nas her experience as a refugee, immigrant, entrepreneur, and<br \/>\ncommunity builder.<\/p>\n<p>Keynote: David Chalk<br \/>\nTechnology Navigator<br \/>\nArtificial Intelligence &#038; Cybersecurity Expert<br \/>\nDr. David Chalk is a realistic futurist with a<br \/>\n25-year track record of accurately predicting the<br \/>\ninteraction of humans and machines. Awarded a<br \/>\nDoctorate Degree in technology by the University of the<br \/>\nFraser Valley, David presents what audiences need to<br \/>\nknow to succeed in business, technology and life. As an expert on<br \/>\ntechnology and disruptive innovation, David has worked in artificial<br \/>\nintelligence at the highest levels and can unconditionally confirm<br \/>\nthat humans will always triumph over machines .<\/p>\n<p>Les conf\u00e9renciers principaux<br \/>\ndu Congr\u00e8s 2023 :<\/p>\n<p>Discours d\u2019ouverture : Zahra Al-Harazi<br \/>\nEntrepreneure prim\u00e9e<br \/>\nSp\u00e9cialiste en leadership engag\u00e9e<br \/>\nConsid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme l&rsquo;une des entrepreneures les<br \/>\nplus accomplies au Canada, Zahra aide les gens et<br \/>\nles organisations \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser leur potentiel de succ\u00e8s<br \/>\nen trouvant leur raison d&rsquo;\u00eatre. Elle s&rsquo;appuie sur son<br \/>\nexp\u00e9rience comme femme pionni\u00e8re dans le monde des <\/p>\n<p>affaires ayant une vision unique de l\u2019attitude, du leadership et<br \/>\ndu succ\u00e8s, ainsi que sur son exp\u00e9rience en tant que r\u00e9fugi\u00e9e,<br \/>\nimmigrante, entrepreneure et b\u00e2tisseuse communautaire. <\/p>\n<p>Discours : David Chalk<br \/>\nExplorateur de technologies<br \/>\nExpert en intelligence artificielle et en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9<br \/>\nDr. David Chalk est ce futuriste r\u00e9aliste qui pr\u00e9dit avec<br \/>\nexactitude depuis 25 ans l\u2019interaction entre les \u00eatres humains<br \/>\net les machines. D\u00e9tenant un doctorat en technologie de la<br \/>\nUniversity of the Fraser Valley, David explique ce que le public<br \/>\ndoit savoir pour r\u00e9ussir dans les affaires, la technologie et  <\/p>\n<p>la vie. \u00c0 titre d\u2019expert de la technologie et de l\u2019innovation perturbatrice,<br \/>\nDavid a travaill\u00e9 aux plus hauts niveaux dans le domaine de l\u2019intelligence<br \/>\nartificielle et il peut confirmer sans r\u00e9serve que le triomphe de l&rsquo;humain<br \/>\nsur la machine sera toujours assur\u00e9. <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 7Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>OUR VISION<\/p>\n<p>To be the most trusted association of <\/p>\n<p>residential appraisal firms in Canada.<\/p>\n<p>OUR MANDATE<\/p>\n<p>BAREA protects and promotes the <\/p>\n<p>business interests of our member firms <\/p>\n<p>through a strong and cohesive voice <\/p>\n<p>as well as the sharing of best practices.<\/p>\n<p>Business Association of Real Estate Appraisers<\/p>\n<p>barea.ca<\/p>\n<p>Stronger together<\/p>\n<p>DON\u2019T GO IT ALONE<\/p>\n<p>OUR VISION<\/p>\n<p>To be the most trusted association of <\/p>\n<p>residential appraisal firms in Canada.<\/p>\n<p>OUR MANDATE<\/p>\n<p>BAREA protects and promotes the <\/p>\n<p>business interests of our member firms <\/p>\n<p>through a strong and cohesive voice <\/p>\n<p>as well as the sharing of best practices.<\/p>\n<p>Business Association of Real Estate Appraisers<\/p>\n<p>barea.ca<\/p>\n<p>Stronger together<\/p>\n<p>DON\u2019T GO IT ALONE<\/p>\n<p>Looking for a career<br \/>\nwith purpose?<br \/>\nShare your expertise and appraise some of<br \/>\nCanada\u2019s most progressive agricultural, commercial<br \/>\nand industrial assets. <\/p>\n<p>Sound interesting? Reach out to Hugues Laverdure,<br \/>\nFCC Senior Director, at hugues.laverdure@fcc.ca.<\/p>\n<p>Vous voulez donner<br \/>\nun \u00e9lan \u00e0 votre carri\u00e8re?<br \/>\nMettez votre expertise \u00e0 profit et \u00e9valuez certains<br \/>\ndes actifs agricoles, commerciaux et industriels<br \/>\nles plus modernes au Canada.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7a vous int\u00e9resse?<br \/>\nCommuniquez avec Hugues Laverdure,<br \/>\npremier directeur \u00e0 FAC, par courriel \u00e0 l\u2019adresse<br \/>\nhugues.laverdure@fac.ca.<\/p>\n<p>For more information please visit:  fnf.ca\/products\/appraisal-plus<\/p>\n<p>Not all service providers are the same. At FNF Canada,<br \/>\nwe are always looking  to expand our APPRAISAL NETWORK.<\/p>\n<p>JOIN OUR NETWORK AND<br \/>\nFIND OUT HOW WE ARE DIFFERENT<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 8 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>mailto:hugues.laverdure@fcc.ca<br \/>\nmailto:hugues.laverdure@fac.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/barea.ca<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"CFPj1GS5JA\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fnf.ca\/products\/appraisal-plus\">Appraisal Plus<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Appraisal Plus&#8221; &#8212; FNF Canada - A Symbol of Strength with a Passion to Serve\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fnf.ca\/products\/appraisal-plus\/embed#?secret=C67pfLbE4w#?secret=CFPj1GS5JA\" data-secret=\"CFPj1GS5JA\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>AIC\u2019s 2022-23 President, Suzanne de Jong, AACI, P.App<\/p>\n<p>Career success built on passion <\/p>\n<p>EXECUTIVE CORNER<\/p>\n<p>W hether in her personal life or her 32-year career in real estate appraisal, Suzanne<br \/>\nde Jong possesses a genuine passion<br \/>\nfor everything in which she is involved.<br \/>\nThat passion has enabled her to be<br \/>\nsuccessful in all aspects of her life,<br \/>\nincluding being recently elected the<br \/>\nsecond female president in the 84-year<br \/>\nhistory of the Appraisal Institute of Canada<br \/>\n(AIC). Suzanne leads by example and is<br \/>\nvery much looking forward to the year<br \/>\nahead as the AIC continues to shape its<br \/>\nfuture in an ever-changing marketplace. <\/p>\n<p>Q: Can you elaborate on the career path<br \/>\nthat led to your current position?<br \/>\nSuzanne: After growing up in Mississauga,<br \/>\nI enrolled in the economics program at<br \/>\nWestern University in London, Ontario.<br \/>\nOne of the courses that genuinely<br \/>\ninterested me was entitled Urban <\/p>\n<p>Development (UD). After graduating<br \/>\nin 1989 with a degree in UD, at a time<br \/>\nwhen the economy was truly booming,<br \/>\nI initially thought I would go to work<br \/>\nfor a developer back in Toronto or<br \/>\nMississauga. However, having grown to<br \/>\nlove the London region, I was fortunate<br \/>\nto connect with Bob Hughes who owned<br \/>\na small appraisal firm in London known<br \/>\nas Hughes &#038; Associates. Doing junior<br \/>\nresearch, I dealt with a variety of legal<br \/>\nissues including a case of litigation<br \/>\ninvolving contaminants leeching into<br \/>\na campground. It was very fascinating<br \/>\nwork that whet my appetite for the<br \/>\nincredible variety of real estate-related<br \/>\nopportunities and challenges that an<br \/>\nappraisal career offers. My career path<br \/>\nwas set. Wanting to specifically increase<br \/>\nmy experience with residential appraisal,<br \/>\nwhich I believe is the ideal place to start<br \/>\nan appraisal career, I subsequently<br \/>\njoined the Simmons Group headed by <\/p>\n<p>The appraisal field has given me amazing<br \/>\nopportunities to grow my career while affording<br \/>\nme great flexibility to spend time with my family<br \/>\nand have a full life outside of work.<\/p>\n<p>9Return to CONTENTS Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022<\/p>\n<p>EXECUTIVE CORNER<\/p>\n<p>John Simmons. That company is now<br \/>\nthe Metrix Realty Group, and, although I<br \/>\nactually left for a few years to try my<br \/>\nhand elsewhere, I came back to<br \/>\nexperience and be part of the company\u2019s<br \/>\noutstanding team atmosphere. <\/p>\n<p>As my career developed during these<br \/>\nyears, I married, now have four children,<br \/>\nearned my CRA designation in 1993 and<br \/>\nmy AACI in 2003. The appraisal field<br \/>\nhas given me amazing opportunities<br \/>\nto grow my career while affording me<br \/>\nconsiderable flexibility to spend time with<br \/>\nmy family and life outside of work. I cannot<br \/>\nimagine doing anything else.<\/p>\n<p>Q: Can you elaborate on the Metrix Realty<br \/>\nGroup and your role with the company?<br \/>\nSuzanne: Metrix is a full service<br \/>\ncommercial and residential real estate<br \/>\ncompany. It is a large firm in the<br \/>\nSouthwestern Ontario market with<br \/>\n20 team members that include six AACIs,<br \/>\na CRA, and nine Candidates. Our company<br \/>\nhas a wide range of expertise including<br \/>\nmulti-family residential, commercial,<br \/>\nindustrial, hotels, expropriation, municipal<br \/>\nwork, assisted living facilities, feasibility<br \/>\nstudies and absorption studies, to mention<br \/>\na few. As a Vice President of Commercial<br \/>\nAppraisal Operations, my greatest<br \/>\nachievement and enjoyment comes from<br \/>\nmentoring and working with a team of <\/p>\n<p>young candidates. With a company-wide<br \/>\nwillingness to support one another,<br \/>\nit is truly an amazing place to develop<br \/>\none\u2019s career. I am personally invested<br \/>\nin the company and love coming to work<br \/>\neach and every day. <\/p>\n<p>Q: You obviously made a decision at<br \/>\nsome point in your career to become<br \/>\nengaged in volunteer activities.<br \/>\nWhy did you make that choice and in<br \/>\nwhat capacities have you volunteered<br \/>\nover the years?<br \/>\nSuzanne: I have always had a genuine<br \/>\ninterest in volunteering, particularly<br \/>\nwhen it involves education and helping<br \/>\nmembers become competent in a wide<br \/>\nrange of areas of expertise. It means<br \/>\na great deal to me if I can help people<br \/>\nsucceed in this professional career.<br \/>\nIt makes me feel like I am truly making<br \/>\na difference. Here at Metrix, I work<br \/>\nclosely with three of our<br \/>\nsix Candidates and it is very satisfying<br \/>\nto see them grow and develop. As<br \/>\nindividuals and as a company, we feel<br \/>\nthat mentoring is vitally important to a<br \/>\nCandidates\u2019 success and to the overall<br \/>\nwell-being of our profession.<\/p>\n<p>Beyond mentoring, I have also been<br \/>\nactively involved with the AIC since the<br \/>\nmid-1990s at the local, provincial and<br \/>\nnational levels. At that time, I was <\/p>\n<p>fortunate to witness first hand AIC<br \/>\npresidents like Allan Beatty and<br \/>\nDan Brewer who inspired me to be<br \/>\na spokesperson for our association<br \/>\nand our profession. Since then, I have<br \/>\nserved on the Executive of the AIC\u2019s<br \/>\nLondon Chapter, on the Boards of<br \/>\nthe Ontario Association and the AIC,<br \/>\nand on the AIC\u2019s Applied Experience<br \/>\nSub Committee and Admissions and<br \/>\nAccreditation Committee, to name just<br \/>\na few. With encouragement to get more<br \/>\ninvolved at the national level from people<br \/>\nlike then president Dan Brewer and<br \/>\nformer CEO Keith Lancastle, I joined<br \/>\nthe National Board of Directors in 2018,<br \/>\nand subsequently became a member of<br \/>\nthe Shaping our Future Task Force and<br \/>\nnow the President\u2019s Council on Equity,<br \/>\nDiversity and Inclusion (EDI). Becoming<br \/>\nAIC President this year is an absolute<br \/>\nprivilege for which I am truly honored.  <\/p>\n<p>Q: You mentioned serving on the AIC\u2019s<br \/>\nShaping our Future Task Force and the<br \/>\nPresident\u2019s Council on Equity, Diversity<br \/>\nand Inclusion. Can you elaborate on<br \/>\nthe significance of these initiatives and<br \/>\nwhere both are headed going forward?<br \/>\nSuzanne: The Shaping our Future Task<br \/>\nForce is the biggest initiative the AIC<br \/>\nhas undertaken in the past 10 years.<br \/>\nIt is totally Member driven and has seen <\/p>\n<p>I have always had a genuine interest in volunteering, particularly when it involves<br \/>\neducation and helping people learn the pillars of what appraisers need to know.<\/p>\n<p>Our Institute and our Members are held in very high regard in Canada<br \/>\nand around the world. The Shaping our Future initiative will only enhance that<br \/>\nposition going forward no matter what changes occur in the marketplace.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 10 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>EXECUTIVE CORNER<\/p>\n<p>outstanding Member engagement through<br \/>\na series of town halls and questionnaires.<br \/>\nIndicative of what this initiative means to<br \/>\nour membership, almost 40% of Members<br \/>\nresponded to one of our questionnaires,<br \/>\nwhich is a very significant level of<br \/>\nmember participation. With the guidance<br \/>\nof this Member input, we were able to<br \/>\nput together 21 recommendations that<br \/>\nwill define our direction and important<br \/>\ninitiatives for the months and years ahead.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to remember that<br \/>\nShaping our Future is not about changing <\/p>\n<p>the profession, it is about challenging<br \/>\nour Members to embrace change<br \/>\nso that they can better succeed in<br \/>\ntheir careers and businesses. From<br \/>\nMachinery and Equipment to Reserve<br \/>\nFund Studies and a host of other new<br \/>\nopportunities, our goal is to provide<br \/>\nour Members with the tools to grasp<br \/>\nthose opportunities and make the<br \/>\nmost of them. <\/p>\n<p>I truly believe that many of<br \/>\nour Members do not realize how<br \/>\nknowledgeable they are and, <\/p>\n<p>consequently, undervalue themselves<br \/>\nin the marketplace. We need to<br \/>\nchange that. Our Institute and our<br \/>\nMembers are held in very high regard<br \/>\nin Canada and around the world.<br \/>\nFrom our self-regulation, code of<br \/>\nethics and standards to our advocacy<br \/>\nand education, our expertise and<br \/>\nknowledge is being sought out by<br \/>\nlending institutions, government<br \/>\nbodies, developers, REITS and the<br \/>\ngeneral public. The Shaping our<br \/>\nFuture initiative will only enhance that<br \/>\nposition going forward no matter what<br \/>\nchanges occur in the marketplace.<\/p>\n<p>As for EDI, the work being done in<br \/>\nthose areas is extremely important<br \/>\nas well. Canada has a very diverse<br \/>\npopulation and the Members of our<br \/>\norganization need to more closely<br \/>\nrepresent the diversity of our<br \/>\nstakeholders. To accomplish that<br \/>\nobjective, we need to ensure that<br \/>\nthere are no barriers to entering our<br \/>\nprofession. While we are getting much<br \/>\nbetter in this regard, there is still a<br \/>\nlong way to go and the EDI initiative is<br \/>\nall about getting us there.<\/p>\n<p>Personally, I am a white, educated<br \/>\nwoman who was brought up believing<br \/>\nthat a woman could do anything.<br \/>\nHowever, I still experienced situations<br \/>\nwhere I had to work harder and accept<br \/>\nlower remuneration than my male<br \/>\ncounterparts. Women from racialized<br \/>\ncommunities have it even harder due<br \/>\nto other factors such as skin colour<br \/>\nor language. No matter what their<br \/>\nbackground, women in their 20s or<br \/>\nearly 30s can also have barriers due to<br \/>\nhaving or potentially having children.<br \/>\nThe point I am making is that barriers<br \/>\ncan exist for a variety of reasons and<br \/>\nwe need to do everything we can to<br \/>\neliminate those barriers. We need to<br \/>\nreach a point where people with equal<br \/>\neducation and ability can expect equal<br \/>\ntreatment and opportunity. The goal<br \/>\nneeds to be that the right person for<br \/>\nthe right job is the one who gets hired.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to remember that Shaping our<br \/>\nFuture is not about changing the profession,<br \/>\nit is about challenging our Members to embrace<br \/>\nchange so that they can better succeed in their<br \/>\ncareers and businesses.<\/p>\n<p>An avid outdoor enthusiast, Suzanne recently completed the iconic West Coast Trail, a multi-day<br \/>\nbackcountry hike of 75 kilometres in BC\u2019s Pacific Rim National Park.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 11Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>EXECUTIVE CORNER<\/p>\n<p>Q: A year from now, when you reflect<br \/>\nback on your term as President, what<br \/>\ndo you hope will have been the AIC\u2019s<br \/>\nmost significant accomplishments in<br \/>\nthat time period?<br \/>\nSuzanne: That we have successfully<br \/>\nimplemented many of the initiatives from<br \/>\nour Task Force. We have invested the<br \/>\ntime and engaged the Members, we now <\/p>\n<p>have to ensure that we work at making<br \/>\nthe recommendations a reality. Some<br \/>\nof the recommendations will take time,<br \/>\nhowever, others can be implemented in<br \/>\nfairly short order. My goal is to ensure<br \/>\nthat happens.<\/p>\n<p>As a side note, I also know that the<br \/>\nyear ahead is going to be affected by<br \/>\nsignificant economic concerns including <\/p>\n<p>the impacts of extremely high inflation<br \/>\nand increased interest rates. Where<br \/>\nreal estate matters are concerned,<br \/>\nthe AIC can provide understanding,<br \/>\nclarity and guidance on these matters<br \/>\nto government authorities, lenders,<br \/>\ndevelopers and the public to mention<br \/>\njust a few. <\/p>\n<p>Q: Finally, what advice would<br \/>\nyou give to people entering the<br \/>\nappraisal profession?<br \/>\nSuzanne: For our new Members,<br \/>\nI suggest they reach out to and seek<br \/>\ninformation from other appraisers in<br \/>\nevery way possible, even if they do not<br \/>\nknow them. Whether through direct<br \/>\npersonal contact, attending chapter and<br \/>\nprovincial meetings, participating in<br \/>\nconferences, or serving on committees,<br \/>\nthey should take every opportunity to<br \/>\ninteract with their peers. They should<br \/>\nthink of themselves as sponges soaking<br \/>\nup every bit of knowledge and experience<br \/>\npossible. They will be amazed at how<br \/>\nwilling other appraisers are to share<br \/>\nwhat they know.<\/p>\n<p>For established appraisers, I<br \/>\nrecommend looking for ways to be more<br \/>\nefficient and diversified. Never get locked<br \/>\ninto existing or singular ways of doing<br \/>\nthings. From emerging technologies to<br \/>\nchanging demands in the marketplace,<br \/>\nthere are always new opportunities to<br \/>\nprepare for and embrace. <\/p>\n<p>The year ahead is going to be affected by significant economic concerns including<br \/>\nthe impacts of extremely high inflation and increased interest rates. Where real<br \/>\nestate matters are concerned, the AIC can provide understanding, clarity and<br \/>\nguidance on these matters to governments, lenders, developers and the public.<\/p>\n<p>Suite 101, 24 Inglewood Drive, St. Albert, AB T8N 6K4<\/p>\n<p>Please send resumes to: info@crvg.com<br \/>\nAACI &#038; Candidates<\/p>\n<p>Tel: (780) 424-8856  \u2022  Fax: (587) 290-2267<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 12 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>mailto:info@crvg.com<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"n4yVO3hnb3\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crvg.com\/\">CRVG Home<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;CRVG Home&#8221; &#8212; CRVG - Canadian Resource Valuation Group\" src=\"https:\/\/crvg.com\/embed\/#?secret=GP0earjbwK#?secret=n4yVO3hnb3\" data-secret=\"n4yVO3hnb3\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.cdcinc.ca<\/p>\n<p>LE COIN DE L\u2019EX\u00c9CUTIF<\/p>\n<p>La pr\u00e9sidente de l\u2019ICE 2022-23, Suzanne de Jong, AACI, P.App<\/p>\n<p>La r\u00e9ussite professionnelle<br \/>\nfond\u00e9e sur la passion<\/p>\n<p>Q ue ce soit dans sa vie personnelle ou dans sa carri\u00e8re de 32 ans en \u00e9valuation immobili\u00e8re,<br \/>\nSuzanne de Jong est anim\u00e9e d\u2019une passion<br \/>\nauthentique pour toutes les choses o\u00f9 elle<br \/>\ns\u2019investit. Cette passion lui a permis de<br \/>\nr\u00e9ussir dans tous les aspects de sa vie,<br \/>\nincluant son \u00e9lection r\u00e9cente comme la<br \/>\ndeuxi\u00e8me femme pr\u00e9sidente dans les<br \/>\n84 ans d\u2019histoire de l\u2019Institut canadien des<br \/>\n\u00e9valuateurs (ICE). Suzanne pr\u00eache par<br \/>\nl\u2019exemple et elle a tr\u00e8s h\u00e2te de d\u00e9couvrir<br \/>\nl\u2019ann\u00e9e qui vient alors que l\u2019ICE continue<br \/>\nde fa\u00e7onner son avenir dans un march\u00e9<br \/>\ntoujours changeant.<\/p>\n<p>Q : Comment s\u2019est d\u00e9roul\u00e9 votre<br \/>\ncheminement de carri\u00e8re jusqu\u2019\u00e0 votre<br \/>\nposte actuel ?<br \/>\nSuzanne : Apr\u00e8s avoir grandi \u00e0<br \/>\nMississauga, je me suis inscrite au<br \/>\nprogramme d\u2019\u00e9conomie \u00e0 la Western<br \/>\nUniversity de London, Ontario. L\u2019un<br \/>\ndes cours qui m\u2019int\u00e9ressait beaucoup<br \/>\ns\u2019intitulait D\u00e9veloppement urbain<br \/>\n(DU). Apr\u00e8s ma graduation en 1989<br \/>\navec un dipl\u00f4me de DU, \u00e0 une \u00e9poque<br \/>\no\u00f9 l\u2019\u00e9conomie \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s florissante,<br \/>\nj\u2019ai d\u2019abord song\u00e9 \u00e0 travailler pour un<br \/>\npromoteur \u00e0 Toronto ou Mississauga.<br \/>\nMais, apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une grande<br \/>\naffection pour la r\u00e9gion de London, <\/p>\n<p>Le domaine de l\u2019\u00e9valuation m\u2019a ouvert des<br \/>\nopportunit\u00e9s extraordinaires de d\u00e9velopper ma<br \/>\ncarri\u00e8re, tout en m\u2019offrant une grande flexibilit\u00e9<br \/>\npour passer du temps avec ma famille et profiter<br \/>\nde la vie en dehors du travail. Je ne puis imaginer<br \/>\nfaire autre chose.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 14 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LE COIN DE L\u2019EX\u00c9CUTIF<\/p>\n<p>j\u2019ai eu la chance de rencontrer Bob<br \/>\nHughes, propri\u00e9taire d\u2019une petite firme<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation \u00e0 London appel\u00e9e Hughes &#038;<br \/>\nAssociates. Comme agente de recherches<br \/>\njunior, j\u2019y ai abord\u00e9 diff\u00e9rentes questions<br \/>\njuridiques, incluant un litige concernant<br \/>\ndes contaminants qui se d\u00e9versaient dans<br \/>\nun terrain de camping. C\u2019\u00e9tait un travail<br \/>\ntr\u00e8s fascinant qui m\u2019a donn\u00e9 un app\u00e9tit<br \/>\npour l\u2019incroyable diversit\u00e9 d\u2019opportunit\u00e9s<br \/>\net de d\u00e9fis li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019immobilier qu\u2019offre<br \/>\nune carri\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9valuateur. Mon<br \/>\ncheminement de carri\u00e8re \u00e9tait fix\u00e9.<br \/>\nD\u00e9sirant particuli\u00e8rement \u00e9tendre mon<br \/>\nexp\u00e9rience en \u00e9valuation r\u00e9sidentielle,<br \/>\nselon moi le secteur id\u00e9al pour d\u00e9buter<br \/>\nune carri\u00e8re en \u00e9valuation, je me suis<br \/>\nensuite jointe \u00e0 Simmons Group, dirig\u00e9 par<br \/>\nJohn Simmons. Aujourd\u2019hui, la compagnie<br \/>\ns\u2019appelle Metrix Realty Group et, bien<br \/>\nque je l\u2019aie quitt\u00e9e quelques ann\u00e9es pour<br \/>\nessayer autre chose, j\u2019y suis revenue afin<br \/>\nd\u2019exp\u00e9rimenter et de respirer l\u2019esprit<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9quipe exceptionnel de la compagnie.<\/p>\n<p>Alors que ma carri\u00e8re \u00e9voluait durant<br \/>\ncette p\u00e9riode, je me suis mari\u00e9e, j\u2019ai eu<br \/>\nquatre beaux enfants et j\u2019ai obtenu ma<br \/>\nd\u00e9signation CRA en 1993 et AACI en 2003.<br \/>\nLe domaine de l\u2019\u00e9valuation m\u2019a ouvert<br \/>\ndes opportunit\u00e9s extraordinaires de<br \/>\nd\u00e9velopper ma carri\u00e8re, tout en m\u2019offrant<br \/>\nune grande flexibilit\u00e9 pour passer du <\/p>\n<p>temps avec ma famille et profiter de<br \/>\nla vie en dehors du travail. Je ne puis<br \/>\nimaginer faire autre chose.<\/p>\n<p>Q : Parlez-nous de Metrix Realty Group<br \/>\net de votre r\u00f4le dans la compagnie.<br \/>\nSuzanne : Metrix est une compagnie<br \/>\nimmobili\u00e8re qui rend tous les services<br \/>\ncommerciaux et r\u00e9sidentiels. C\u2019est une<br \/>\nimportante firme dans le march\u00e9 du<br \/>\nsud-ouest de l\u2019Ontario, avec une \u00e9quipe<br \/>\nde 20 membres, incluant six AACI, un<br \/>\nCRA et neuf stagiaires. Notre compagnie<br \/>\nposs\u00e8de des expertises tr\u00e8s vari\u00e9es,<br \/>\ny compris l\u2019\u00e9valuation d\u2019immeubles<br \/>\nr\u00e9sidentiels, commerciaux et industriels,<br \/>\nles h\u00f4tels, l\u2019expropriation, le travail<br \/>\nmunicipal, les r\u00e9sidences-services,<br \/>\nles \u00e9tudes de faisabilit\u00e9 et les \u00e9tudes<br \/>\nd\u2019absorption, pour en nommer quelques-<br \/>\nunes. \u00c0 titre de vice-pr\u00e9sidente des<br \/>\nop\u00e9rations d\u2019\u00e9valuation commerciale,<br \/>\nma plus grande r\u00e9ussite et ce qui<br \/>\nm\u2019apporte le plus de satisfaction est<br \/>\nd\u2019accompagner et de travailler avec<br \/>\nune \u00e9quipe de jeunes stagiaires. Avec<br \/>\nune volont\u00e9 de s\u2019entraider qui impr\u00e8gne<br \/>\ntoute la compagnie, c\u2019est vraiment un<br \/>\nendroit g\u00e9nial pour d\u00e9velopper une<br \/>\ncarri\u00e8re. Je me donne corps et \u00e2me dans<br \/>\nla compagnie et j\u2019adore me rendre au<br \/>\ntravail chaque jour. <\/p>\n<p>Q : Vous avez clairement pris la d\u00e9cision<br \/>\n\u00e0 un moment de votre carri\u00e8re de vous<br \/>\nengager dans les activit\u00e9s b\u00e9n\u00e9voles.<br \/>\nPourquoi avez-vous fait ce choix et<br \/>\ncomment cela s\u2019est-il traduit au fil<br \/>\ndes ann\u00e9es ?<br \/>\nSuzanne : Le b\u00e9n\u00e9volat m\u2019a toujours<br \/>\nvivement int\u00e9ress\u00e9e, surtout lorsqu\u2019il<br \/>\ns\u2019agit d\u2019\u00e9ducation et d\u2019aider les membres<br \/>\n\u00e0 devenir comp\u00e9tents dans toutes<br \/>\nsortes de champs d\u2019expertise. Je trouve<br \/>\nextr\u00eamement important de pouvoir<br \/>\naider les gens \u00e0 r\u00e9ussir dans leur<br \/>\ncarri\u00e8re professionnelle. \u00c7a me donne le<br \/>\nsentiment de faire une vraie diff\u00e9rence.<br \/>\nIci, \u00e0 Metrix, je travaille \u00e9troitement<br \/>\navec trois de nos six stagiaires et c\u2019est<br \/>\ntr\u00e8s satisfaisant de les voir grandir et<br \/>\nse d\u00e9velopper. En tant qu\u2019individus et<br \/>\nemploy\u00e9s de la compagnie, nous croyons<br \/>\nque le mentorat est essentiel au succ\u00e8s<br \/>\ndes stagiaires et au bien-\u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de<br \/>\nnotre profession.<\/p>\n<p>Au-del\u00e0 du mentorat, je suis en outre<br \/>\nactivement engag\u00e9e avec l\u2019ICE depuis<br \/>\nle milieu des ann\u00e9es 1990, au niveau<br \/>\nlocal, provincial et national. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque,<br \/>\nj\u2019ai eu la chance de bien conna\u00eetre des<br \/>\npr\u00e9sidents de l\u2019ICE tels Allan Beatty et<br \/>\nDan Brewer, qui m\u2019ont inspir\u00e9e \u00e0 devenir<br \/>\nporte-parole de notre association et de<br \/>\nnotre profession. Depuis lors, j\u2019ai servi <\/p>\n<p>Le b\u00e9n\u00e9volat m\u2019a toujours vivement int\u00e9ress\u00e9e, surtout lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9ducation et d\u2019aider les membres \u00e0 apprendre les piliers de ce que les<br \/>\n\u00e9valuateurs doivent conna\u00eetre.<\/p>\n<p>Le groupe de travail Fa\u00e7onner notre avenir est la plus importante initiative<br \/>\nentreprise par l\u2019ICE depuis 10 ans. Elle repose enti\u00e8rement sur la participation<br \/>\ndes membres, qui ont eu des occasions exceptionnelles de se mobiliser dans le<br \/>\ncadre d\u2019une s\u00e9rie d\u2019assembl\u00e9es publiques et de questionnaires. <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 15Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LE COIN DE L\u2019EX\u00c9CUTIF<\/p>\n<p>\u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cutif du chapitre London de l\u2019ICE,<br \/>\naux conseils de l\u2019association de l\u2019Ontario<br \/>\net de l\u2019ICE, de m\u00eame qu\u2019au sous-comit\u00e9<br \/>\nde l\u2019exp\u00e9rience appliqu\u00e9e et au comit\u00e9<br \/>\ndes admissions et de l\u2019accr\u00e9ditation<br \/>\nde l\u2019ICE, pour ne nommer que ceux-l\u00e0.<br \/>\nEncourag\u00e9e \u00e0 m\u2019impliquer davantage \u00e0<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9chelle nationale par des gens comme le<br \/>\npr\u00e9sident d\u2019alors Dan Brewer et l&rsquo;ancien<br \/>\nchef de la direction Keith Lancastle, je<br \/>\nsuis entr\u00e9e au conseil d\u2019administration<br \/>\nnational en 2018, puis je suis devenue<br \/>\nmembre du groupe de travail Fa\u00e7onner<br \/>\nnotre avenir et je si\u00e8ge aujourd\u2019hui au <\/p>\n<p>Conseil du pr\u00e9sident sur l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9, la<br \/>\ndiversit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusion (EDI). Devenir<br \/>\npr\u00e9sidente de l\u2019ICE cette ann\u00e9e est<br \/>\nun privil\u00e8ge absolu pour lequel je suis<br \/>\nv\u00e9ritablement honor\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Q : Vous avez mentionn\u00e9 votre<br \/>\nservice au groupe de travail<br \/>\nFa\u00e7onner notre avenir et au<br \/>\nConseil du pr\u00e9sident sur l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9, la<br \/>\ndiversit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusion. Pouvez-vous<br \/>\n\u00e9laborer sur la signification de ces<br \/>\ninitiatives et sur la direction qu\u2019elles<br \/>\nprennent pour l\u2019avenir ?<\/p>\n<p>Suzanne : Le groupe de travail<br \/>\nFa\u00e7onner notre avenir est la plus<br \/>\nimportante initiative entreprise par<br \/>\nl\u2019ICE depuis 10 ans. Elle repose<br \/>\nenti\u00e8rement sur la participation des<br \/>\nmembres, qui ont eu des occasions<br \/>\nexceptionnelles de se mobiliser dans<br \/>\nle cadre d\u2019une s\u00e9rie d\u2019assembl\u00e9es<br \/>\npubliques et de questionnaires.<br \/>\nPour montrer \u00e0 quel point l\u2019initiative<br \/>\nimporte \u00e0 nos membres, sachez<br \/>\nque 40 % d\u2019entre eux ont r\u00e9pondu \u00e0<br \/>\nl\u2019un de nos questionnaires, soit un<br \/>\nexcellent niveau de participation.<br \/>\nGr\u00e2ce aux conseils et commentaires<br \/>\ndes membres, nous avons pu r\u00e9unir<br \/>\n21 recommandations qui d\u00e9finiront<br \/>\nnotre direction ainsi que des<br \/>\ninitiatives majeures pour les mois et<br \/>\nles ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir.<\/p>\n<p>Il faut se souvenir que Fa\u00e7onner<br \/>\nnotre avenir, ce n\u2019est pas changer<br \/>\nla profession, c\u2019est plut\u00f4t inviter les<br \/>\nmembres \u00e0 accueillir le changement<br \/>\nafin qu\u2019ils puissent mieux r\u00e9ussir<br \/>\ndans leurs carri\u00e8res et dans leurs<br \/>\nentreprises. Qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse d\u2019\u00e9valuer<br \/>\nde la machinerie et de l\u2019\u00e9quipement,<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9tudier des fonds de r\u00e9serve ou<br \/>\nde profiter de nombreuses autres<br \/>\nnouvelles opportunit\u00e9s, notre objectif<br \/>\nest de fournir aux membres les outils<br \/>\ndont ils ont besoin pour saisir ces<br \/>\nopportunit\u00e9s et en tirer le maximum.<\/p>\n<p>Je crois vraiment que plusieurs<br \/>\nde nos membres ne r\u00e9alisent pas<br \/>\n\u00e0 quel point ils sont avertis et<br \/>\nque, par cons\u00e9quent, ils se sous-<br \/>\nestiment dans le march\u00e9. Nous<br \/>\ndevons changer cela. Notre Institut<br \/>\net nos membres sont tr\u00e8s respect\u00e9s<br \/>\nau Canada et \u00e0 travers le monde.<br \/>\nGr\u00e2ce \u00e0 notre autor\u00e9glementation,<br \/>\nnotre code d\u2019\u00e9thique et nos normes<br \/>\nsur la d\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats et sur<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9ducation, nos expertises et nos<br \/>\nconnaissances sont tr\u00e8s recherch\u00e9es<br \/>\npar les \u00e9tablissements de cr\u00e9dit, les<br \/>\norganismes d\u2019\u00c9tat, les promoteurs,<br \/>\nles soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de placement immobilier<br \/>\net le grand public. L\u2019initiative Fa\u00e7onner <\/p>\n<p>Il faut se souvenir que Fa\u00e7onner notre avenir, ce<br \/>\nn\u2019est pas changer la profession, c\u2019est plut\u00f4t inviter<br \/>\nles membres \u00e0 accueillir le changement afin qu\u2019ils<br \/>\npuissent mieux r\u00e9ussir dans leurs carri\u00e8res et dans<br \/>\nleurs entreprises.<\/p>\n<p>Passionn\u00e9e de plein air, Suzanne a r\u00e9cemment termin\u00e9 l&#8217;embl\u00e9matique West Coast Trail,<br \/>\nune randonn\u00e9e de plusieurs jours dans l&rsquo;arri\u00e8re-pays sur 75 kilom\u00e8tres dans le parc national Pacific<br \/>\nRim en Colombie-Britannique de 75 kilom\u00e8tres dans l&rsquo;arri\u00e8re-pays du parc national Pacific Rim en<br \/>\nColombie-Britannique.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 16 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LE COIN DE L\u2019EX\u00c9CUTIF<\/p>\n<p>notre avenir ne pourra qu\u2019am\u00e9liorer<br \/>\nnotre marche en avant, peu importent<br \/>\nles changements qui surviendront dans<br \/>\nle march\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>En ce qui concerne l\u2019EDI, le travail<br \/>\neffectu\u00e9 dans ces domaines est aussi<br \/>\ntr\u00e8s important. On trouve au Canada<br \/>\nune population tr\u00e8s diversifi\u00e9e et les<br \/>\nmembres de notre organisation doivent<br \/>\nrepr\u00e9senter plus fid\u00e8lement la diversit\u00e9<br \/>\nde nos intervenants. Pour y arriver,<br \/>\nnous devons nous assurer qu\u2019aucune<br \/>\nbarri\u00e8re n\u2019emp\u00eache d\u2019entrer dans<br \/>\nnotre profession. M\u00eame si nous avons<br \/>\nconsid\u00e9rablement progress\u00e9 \u00e0 cet<br \/>\n\u00e9gard, il y a encore beaucoup \u00e0 faire et<br \/>\nl\u2019initiative d\u2019EDI est l\u2019outil parfait pour<br \/>\nnous montrer le chemin \u00e0 suivre.<\/p>\n<p>Personnellement, je suis une femme<br \/>\nde race blanche, \u00e9duqu\u00e9e, \u00e9lev\u00e9e en<br \/>\ncroyant qu\u2019une femme peut faire tout ce<br \/>\nqu\u2019elle veut. Toutefois, j\u2019ai quand m\u00eame<br \/>\nv\u00e9cu des situations o\u00f9 je devais travailler<br \/>\nplus fort et accepter d\u2019\u00eatre moins bien<br \/>\npay\u00e9e que mes coll\u00e8gues masculins.<br \/>\nC\u2019est encore pire pour les femmes de<br \/>\ncommunaut\u00e9s racialis\u00e9es, \u00e0 cause de<br \/>\nfacteurs comme la couleur de la peau ou<br \/>\nla langue. Peu importent leurs histoires,<br \/>\nles femmes dans la vingtaine ou la jeune<br \/>\ntrentaine peuvent aussi rencontrer des<br \/>\nobstacles parce qu\u2019elles ont des enfants<br \/>\nou qu\u2019elles pourraient en avoir. Ce que<br \/>\nje veux dire, c\u2019est que les barri\u00e8res<br \/>\npeuvent exister pour plusieurs raisons <\/p>\n<p>et nous devons faire l\u2019impossible pour<br \/>\nles \u00e9liminer. Il faut atteindre un endroit<br \/>\no\u00f9 les gens ayant la m\u00eame \u00e9ducation<br \/>\net la m\u00eame capacit\u00e9 peuvent s\u2019attendre<br \/>\n\u00e0 un traitement \u00e9gal et aux m\u00eames<br \/>\nopportunit\u00e9s que tout le monde. Le but<br \/>\ndoit \u00eatre d\u2019embaucher la bonne personne<br \/>\npour le bon travail.<\/p>\n<p>Q : Dans un an, quand vous r\u00e9fl\u00e9chirez<br \/>\n\u00e0 votre mandat de pr\u00e9sidente, quel est<br \/>\nle plus bel accomplissement que vous<br \/>\nesp\u00e9rerez avoir vu l\u2019ICE r\u00e9aliser durant<br \/>\ncette p\u00e9riode ?<br \/>\nSuzanne : J\u2019esp\u00e8re que nous aurons<br \/>\nr\u00e9ussi \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre plusieurs des<br \/>\ninitiatives de notre groupe de travail.<br \/>\nAyant consacr\u00e9 le temps et mobilis\u00e9<br \/>\nles membres, nous devons maintenant<br \/>\nnous assurer que les recommandations<br \/>\ndeviennent r\u00e9alit\u00e9. Mais, certaines d\u2019entre<br \/>\nelles prendront du temps, alors que<br \/>\nd\u2019autres peuvent \u00eatre implant\u00e9es assez<br \/>\nrapidement. Mon objectif est de faire en<br \/>\nsorte que cela se produise.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 part cela, je sais \u00e9galement que<br \/>\nl\u2019ann\u00e9e \u00e0 venir sera affect\u00e9e par des<br \/>\npr\u00e9occupations \u00e9conomiques majeures,<br \/>\nincluant les effets de la tr\u00e8s forte inflation<br \/>\net des taux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s. En ce<br \/>\nqui regarde les enjeux immobiliers, l\u2019ICE<br \/>\npeut fournir compr\u00e9hension, clart\u00e9 et<br \/>\ndirection aux instances gouvernementales,<br \/>\naux pr\u00eateurs, aux promoteurs ainsi qu\u2019au<br \/>\ngrand public, entre autres.<\/p>\n<p>Q : Enfin, que conseilleriez-vous aux<br \/>\ngens qui entrent dans la profession<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuateur ?<br \/>\nSuzanne : Je sugg\u00e8re \u00e0 nos nouveaux<br \/>\nmembres de communiquer avec<br \/>\nd\u2019autres \u00e9valuateurs, de toutes les<br \/>\nmani\u00e8res possibles, pour acqu\u00e9rir des<br \/>\nrenseignements et des connaissances,<br \/>\nm\u00eame s\u2019ils ne les connaissent<br \/>\npas. Que ce soit en les contactant<br \/>\npersonnellement, en assistant \u00e0 des<br \/>\nr\u00e9unions de chapitres\/provinces, en<br \/>\nparticipant \u00e0 des conf\u00e9rences, en<br \/>\nsi\u00e9geant \u00e0 des comit\u00e9s, ils devraient<br \/>\nprofiter de toutes les occasions<br \/>\nd\u2019interagir avec leurs pairs. Ils doivent<br \/>\nse voir comme des \u00e9ponges qui<br \/>\nabsorbent toutes les connaissances<br \/>\net exp\u00e9riences possibles. Ils seront<br \/>\n\u00e9merveill\u00e9s de voir \u00e0 quel point les<br \/>\nautres \u00e9valuateurs sont heureux de<br \/>\npartager ce qu\u2019ils ont appris.<\/p>\n<p>Aux \u00e9valuateurs \u00e9tablis, je<br \/>\nrecommande de chercher des moyens<br \/>\npour \u00eatre plus efficaces et diversifi\u00e9s.<br \/>\nNe vous enfermez jamais dans des<br \/>\nfa\u00e7ons existantes ou singuli\u00e8res de<br \/>\nfaire les choses. Des technologies<br \/>\n\u00e9mergentes aux demandes<br \/>\nchangeantes du march\u00e9, il y a toujours<br \/>\nde nouvelles opportunit\u00e9s \u00e0 aborder et<br \/>\n\u00e0 accueillir. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ann\u00e9e \u00e0 venir sera affect\u00e9e par des pr\u00e9occupations \u00e9conomiques majeures,<br \/>\nincluant les effets de la tr\u00e8s forte inflation et des taux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s.<br \/>\nEn ce qui regarde les enjeux immobiliers, l\u2019ICE peut fournir compr\u00e9hension,<br \/>\nclart\u00e9 et direction aux instances gouvernementales, aux pr\u00eateurs, aux promoteurs<br \/>\nainsi qu\u2019au grand public, entre autres.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 17Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>AND ITS ROLE IN THE DIRECT<br \/>\nCOMPARISON APPROACH<\/p>\n<p>18 Return to CONTENTSCanadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada <\/p>\n<p>fter studying the Direct Comparison Approach (DCA) for 42 years, the conclusion<br \/>\nreached is that it is an intuitive executed valuation model. The questions that this <\/p>\n<p>article attempts to answer are what part of the intuitive process can be relied<br \/>\nupon in the DCA, how could it be improved, and what is the general conscience<br \/>\nabout intuition? <\/p>\n<p>We can test the role of intuition by using two methods. Method \u2018A\u2019 is the grid<br \/>\nadjustment approach that relies solely on intuition. Method \u2018B\u2019 also has a grid adjustment<br \/>\nprocess based upon intuition, but it includes some basic mathematics to help steer the<br \/>\n\u2018intuitive ship.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>The subject is a converted office building that was sold on March 29, 2021 for<br \/>\n$650,000 in London, Ontario. It was exposed on the MLS marketplace. The building is<br \/>\n2,702 square feet and is 128 years old. The lot size is 4,004 square feet. There are<br \/>\n800 square feet of basement finishing. It is located on Oxford Street East, which is a<br \/>\nstrong, four-lane arterial road system. The building had been used as a doctor\u2019s office.<\/p>\n<p>The comparables selected are as follows:<\/p>\n<p>Before any analysis, the variance in the selling prices per square foot of building was 62%.<br \/>\nThe effective date of the appraisal was February 9, 2021. We selected these predictor<br \/>\nvariables: location, building size, building age, lot size, basement finishing, and condition.<br \/>\nThey were selected based on my intuitive sense of what most buyers would consider when<br \/>\npurchasing a converted office. The sales were adjusted for time at 1% per year.<\/p>\n<p>By George Canning, AACI, P. App., <\/p>\n<p>Canning Consultants Inc., London, ON<\/p>\n<p>COMPARABLE 1 2 3 4 5 6<\/p>\n<p>Sold January 2020 June 2017 January 2018 March 2020 May 2019 May 2019<\/p>\n<p>Building Size in Sq Ft 3,428 2,010 2,482 2,919 2,069 4,749<\/p>\n<p>Building Age in Years 104 147 114 112 125 116<\/p>\n<p>Basement Finishing in Sq Ft 1,327 891 1,241 1,231 685 1,309<\/p>\n<p>Zoning R3-1,R9-7,<br \/>\nOR2, OC6, R02<\/p>\n<p>R2-2(7) OC4,R3 AC4 OC5, R3 OC2, R3<\/p>\n<p>Lot Size in Sq Ft 6,000 8,060 3,833 6,270 6,500 4,980<\/p>\n<p>General use Dental Medical Dental General<br \/>\nOffice<\/p>\n<p>General<br \/>\nOffice<\/p>\n<p>Retail<\/p>\n<p>Location Arterial Rd Arterial Rd Non-Arterial Arterial Arterial Non-Arterial<\/p>\n<p>Selling price per Sq Ft of Bldg $233.37 $280.35 $266.92 $196.99 $312.71 $192.67<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 19Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Economics Nobel<br \/>\nLaureate Daniel<br \/>\nKahneman theorizes<br \/>\nthat intuitive<br \/>\nthinking has both<br \/>\nadvantages and<br \/>\ndisadvantages:<br \/>\nit is faster than a<br \/>\nrational approach,<br \/>\nbut more prone<br \/>\nto error.<\/p>\n<p>METHOD \u201cA\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Sale 1 2 3 4 5 6<br \/>\nSP per Sq Ft of Building $233.37 $280.35 $266.92 $196.99 $312.71 $192.67<\/p>\n<p>Time +1% +4% +3% +1% 0% +2%<\/p>\n<p>Time Adj $235.70 $291.56 $274.93 $198.96 $312.71 $196.52<\/p>\n<p>ADJUSTMENTS<br \/>\nLocation 0 0 0 &#8211; 0 0<\/p>\n<p>Building Size &#8211; 0 &#8211; &#8211; 0 &#8211;<\/p>\n<p>Building Age &#8211; 0 0 0 0 0<\/p>\n<p>Lot Size &#8211; &#8211; + &#8211; &#8211; 0<\/p>\n<p>Basement Finish &#8211; 0 &#8211; &#8211; + &#8211;<\/p>\n<p>Condition + + + ++ + +<\/p>\n<p>Adjusted Selling Price $290.00 $300.00 $280.00 $275.00 $325.00 $235.00<\/p>\n<p>We compared the characteristics of each sale to that of the subject property. The conclusion<br \/>\nwas reached that indexes #1, #2, and #5 are the best comparables. When the adjusted rates are<br \/>\napplied to the subject\u2019s building size, we obtain a market value between $600,880 and $673,400.<br \/>\nThis is a difference of 12%. We started with a variance of 62% in the selling prices per square foot<br \/>\nof building. Therefore, by using intuition alone, we were able to substantially reduce the \u2018going in\u2019<br \/>\nvariance of the sales. The actual selling price of the subject building fell within that range. <\/p>\n<p>METHOD \u2018B\u2019<br \/>\nMethod \u2018B\u2019 using quality point analysis strictly adheres to the DCA. It will use the same predictor<br \/>\nvariables as selected in method \u2018B.\u2019 The adjustments to the sales are not +, -, or words such as lower,<br \/>\nhigher, or equal. Quality Point (QP) uses an ordinal scale of 1-4-9-16-25-36-49. How this works is<br \/>\nthat any sale that has a similar predictive variable characteristic would be given the same score. It is<br \/>\nlike putting all the white shirts in one bin, blue in another, etc. There are no values attached to this<br \/>\nprocess. We are sorting out to what bin each of the predictor variables belongs. In some cases, we<br \/>\nrelied strictly on intuition. At this stage, there is no direct comparison with the subject property.<br \/>\nWe know the sales are comparable to the subject and it will be dealt with later in the analysis. We are<br \/>\nbuilding a model to \u2018explain\u2019 and \u2018reduce\u2019 the variation in the selling prices of the comparables.<br \/>\nThe sales have been \u2018time\u2019 adjusted as indicated in method \u2018A\u2019 (we had used 1% per year).<\/p>\n<p>Method \u2018B\u2019 based upon our intuitive sense produces a series of weights that are derived<br \/>\nfrom the comparable sales via our scores and a solver. This is shown below.<\/p>\n<p>PREDICTOR VARIABLES Weights Market<br \/>\nLocation (x 0.41    )<\/p>\n<p>Building Age (x 0.33    )<\/p>\n<p>Building Size (x 0.05    )<\/p>\n<p>Condition (x 0.16    )<\/p>\n<p>Basement Finishing (x 0.05    )<\/p>\n<p>(x 1.00    )<\/p>\n<p>One cannot say that location represents 0.41 or 41% of all sale prices of the comparables.<br \/>\nThere is no direct correlation. However, these weights do tell us something about the<br \/>\n\u2018strength\u2019 of each predictor variable. Our review of the weights indicates nothing unusual.<\/p>\n<p>QP can be tested to give the practitioner some guidance as to whether we are going in<br \/>\nthe right direction. There are two methods that are relied upon. #1 is to monitor the mean<br \/>\nadjusted selling price per square foot of building. It is shown below.<\/p>\n<p>COEFFICIENT OF VARIANCE<\/p>\n<p>MEAN ADJUSTED SELLING PRICE OF THE COMPARABLES<br \/>\nMean $17.00<\/p>\n<p>Standard Deviation in dollars $3.57<\/p>\n<p>Coefficient of Variance as a percent of the Mean 21%<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 20 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Whether we rely<br \/>\non our gut or turn<br \/>\nto sober analysis<br \/>\nto make a decision<br \/>\nseems to depend on<br \/>\na variety of factors,<br \/>\nsuch as our past<br \/>\nexperiences with<br \/>\nsimilar situations<br \/>\nand the complexity<br \/>\nof the problem.<\/p>\n<p>Many cognitive<br \/>\nscientists argue that<br \/>\nintuitive analytic<br \/>\nthinking should<br \/>\nnot be viewed as<br \/>\nopposites. Studies<br \/>\nindicate that our<br \/>\ndecision-making<br \/>\noften works best<br \/>\nwhen we blend<br \/>\nboth strategies.<\/p>\n<p>The mean of the adjusted selling price per square foot of building is $17.00, and the standard<br \/>\ndeviation or distance around the mean is $3.87. The $3.87 is converted to a percentage of<br \/>\nthe mean (21%). It is called the coefficient of variance. We started out with a 62% difference<br \/>\naround the selling price per square foot of building of the sales and, after all our hard work,<br \/>\nwe got it down to 21%. Test #2 is to predict the selling prices of each sale against the time<br \/>\nadjusted selling price per square foot of building for each sale. This is shown below.<\/p>\n<p>RESIDUAL TESTING<\/p>\n<p>SP PER SQ FT OF COMPARABLES (AFTER TIME) $252.04 $285.96 $274.93 $198.96 $312.71 $196.53<\/p>\n<p>PREDICTED SP PER SQ FT OF BUILDING BASED UPON OUR INTUITION $295.33 $247.07 $283.44 $172.52 $252.54 $312.33<\/p>\n<p>DIFFERENCE 17.18% 13.60% 3.09% 13.28% 19.15% 58.93%<\/p>\n<p>The differences between the two sets of numbers are not acceptable. The only one that is<br \/>\nencouraging is that of index #3 at 3.09%. The rest we missed by a country mile.<\/p>\n<p>BASIC SUMMARY<br \/>\nWe applied two tests to model \u2018B,\u2019 and they indicate that our intuitive sense of trying to<br \/>\n\u2018reduce\u2019 and \u2018explain\u2019 variation is not very good. In both models, we have 16% and 21% of<br \/>\nunexplained variation in the selling price per square foot of building that is unaccounted for.<br \/>\nIt certainly tells us that our intuition is not all wrong, but why are we unable to explain<br \/>\n a larger percentage of the difference in the selling prices per square foot of building<br \/>\nof the sales?<\/p>\n<p>For the sake of brevity, we made further intuitive decisions about our sales that improved<br \/>\nour DCA in model \u2018B.\u2019 These were:<br \/>\n1. First, we found that there is an inverse relationship between the sale prices of the <\/p>\n<p>comparables and their building sizes. This was not obvious in model \u2018A.\u2019 Below is a<br \/>\nscatterplot of data that clearly shows that. <\/p>\n<p>320 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>300 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>280 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>260 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>240 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>220 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>200 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000<\/p>\n<p>Scatterplot of SALE PRICE PER SQ FT OF BUILDING vs BUILDING SIZE<\/p>\n<p>S<br \/>\nA<\/p>\n<p>L<br \/>\nE<\/p>\n<p> P<br \/>\nR<\/p>\n<p>IC<br \/>\nE<\/p>\n<p> P<br \/>\nE<\/p>\n<p>R<br \/>\n S<\/p>\n<p>Q<br \/>\n F<\/p>\n<p>T<br \/>\nO<\/p>\n<p>F<br \/>\nB<\/p>\n<p>U<br \/>\nIL<\/p>\n<p>D<br \/>\nIN<\/p>\n<p>G<\/p>\n<p>BUILDING SIZE<\/p>\n<p>QP can handle this market phenomenon quite easily. It is a lot more troublesome when<br \/>\nusing the standard +-, better, worse type of adjustment format.<\/p>\n<p>2. We also found that basement finishing and site size played no role in explaining the<br \/>\ndifferences in the prices of the comparables.<\/p>\n<p>We simply removed them from Model \u2018B.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>3. We also discovered that the time adjustments that we carefully work out on method \u2018A\u2019<br \/>\nwere not correct after transposing the same time adjustments to method \u2018B.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 21Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>We are not surprised at this because time is not consistent in the marketplace and, in QP,<br \/>\nwe can do a time test to help with that. Largely, it is a trial-and-error process monitoring<br \/>\nthe coefficient of variance around the mean of the selling price per square foot of building<br \/>\nof the comparables. After making some more intuitive adjustments to time, we were able<br \/>\nto improve the coefficient of variance.<\/p>\n<p>If we assume we made better intuitive decisions about the analysis of the sales, then we<br \/>\ncan run our two tests again.<\/p>\n<p>RESIDUAL TESTING<\/p>\n<p>SP PER SQ FT OF COMPARABLES (AFTER TIME) $235.71 $280.35 266.92 $196.99 $312.71 $192.67<\/p>\n<p>PREDICTED SP PER SQ FT OF BUILDING BASED UPON OUR INTUITION $236.63 $282.28 $270.15 $197.64 $305.94 $191.93<\/p>\n<p>DIFFERENCE 0.39% 0.69% 1.21% 0.33% 2.16% 0.39%<\/p>\n<p>We can see in the above test that we did not miss by much when it came to prediction after<br \/>\nwe further realigned our intuition.<\/p>\n<p>COEFFICIENT OF VARIANCE<\/p>\n<p>MEAN ADJUSTED SELLING PRICE OF THE COMPARABLES<\/p>\n<p>Mean $14.76<\/p>\n<p>Standard Deviation in dollars $0.16<\/p>\n<p>Coefficient of Variance as a percent of the Mean 1%<\/p>\n<p>We were able to explain 99% of the variation in the selling prices per square foot of building<br \/>\nof the sales. method \u2018B\u2019 ended with a predicted value range of $651,000 to $666,000 for the<br \/>\nsubject property. This analysis is not shown.<\/p>\n<p>CONCLUSIONS<br \/>\nWe can make all kinds of inferences about intuition and the two models of valuation.<br \/>\nWe cannot say that one model is preferred over the next because the difference is in the<br \/>\ntreatment of the intuition. <\/p>\n<p>There is no question that intuition plays a role in the appraisal valuation process.<br \/>\nThis makes a lot of sense because valuers will develop some sense of various aspects of<br \/>\nreal estate throughout their careers, e.g., \u201cHas the market moved up?\u201d \u201cIs Spruce Street<br \/>\nstill as good a location as Walnut Avenue?\u201d \u201cAre buyers prepared to pay more for a property<br \/>\nwith a larger building size?\u201d All questions about real estate will eventually lead to the DCA.<br \/>\nThat is a very real fact about our business.<\/p>\n<p>We also know that nobody has a perfect intuitive sense for every aspect of real estate.<br \/>\nTherefore, it would conclude that, for every intuitive decision we make regarding real estate,<br \/>\nthere are going to be errors in that judgement. <\/p>\n<p>In our two examples of analysis, the author made the best decisions for the sales in<br \/>\nboth instances. Both methods also lead the author astray, simply because his intuition<br \/>\nwas imperfect. However, further intuitive thinking, coupled with some testing of our ideas,<br \/>\nenabled us to explain a very high percentage of the differences in the selling prices of the<br \/>\ncomparable sales. <\/p>\n<p>The only lesson here is that a few simple mathematical tests might be the best defence<br \/>\nagainst incorrect intuitive judgements involving real estate. In other words, intuition is not<br \/>\nabsolute. It can be pushed, pulled, and pounded upon until it helps us shape the data with<br \/>\nwhich we are working. That is called data analysis. In that process, intuition is also honing<br \/>\nour skills further.  <\/p>\n<p>The continuing<br \/>\ndebate about<br \/>\ninstinctive versus<br \/>\nanalytical decision-<br \/>\nmaking is helpful<br \/>\nbecause both types<br \/>\nof decision-making<br \/>\nhave their good<br \/>\npoints. Teams or<br \/>\ninstitutions can<br \/>\nbenefit from taking<br \/>\nthe time to work<br \/>\nout the decision-<br \/>\nmaking process that<br \/>\nworks best for them.<br \/>\nWe value leaders<br \/>\nwho can merge<br \/>\nboth types so that<br \/>\nexperience and new<br \/>\nknowledge from the<br \/>\nanalysis can yield the<br \/>\nbest ideas. So, do<br \/>\nyour homework and<br \/>\ntake new trends and<br \/>\nbusiness realities into<br \/>\naccount; however,<br \/>\ndo not undervalue<br \/>\nintuition while<br \/>\nmaking decisions.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 22 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Forge your own<br \/>\npath to success<br \/>\nJoin CBRE\u2019s Valuation &#038; Advisory Services Team<\/p>\n<p>At CBRE, you are empowered to take your career where you want it to go.<br \/>\nEnjoy workplace flexibility with tremendous scale\u2014in an inclusive, collaborative<br \/>\nenvironment with supportive teammates. Work on an industry-leading national<br \/>\nteam that provides unmatched client service by leveraging best in class research,<br \/>\nsuperior technology and industry expertise.<\/p>\n<p>Paul Morassutti, AACI, MRICS<br \/>\nVice Chairman<br \/>\npaul.morassutti@cbre.com<br \/>\n+1 416 495 6235<\/p>\n<p>cbre.ca<\/p>\n<p>mailto:paul.morassutti@cbre.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/cbre.ca<\/p>\n<p>ET SON R\u00d4LE DANS LA M\u00c9THODE<br \/>\nDE COMPARAISON DIRECTE<\/p>\n<p>24 Return to CONTENTSCanadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada <\/p>\n<p>pr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la m\u00e9thode de comparaison directe (MCD) pendant 42 ans,<br \/>\nje conclus qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un mod\u00e8le d\u2019\u00e9valuation \u00e0 ex\u00e9cution intuitive. Les questions <\/p>\n<p>que le pr\u00e9sent article tente d\u2019expliquer concernent la partie du processus<br \/>\nintuitif \u00e0 laquelle on peut se fier, comment on pourrait l\u2019am\u00e9liorer et ce que<br \/>\nl\u2019on pense en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019intuition.<\/p>\n<p>Nous pouvons tester le r\u00f4le de l\u2019intuition en utilisant deux m\u00e9thodes. La m\u00e9thode<br \/>\n\u00ab A \u00bb est celle de la grille d\u2019ajustement, qui repose uniquement sur l\u2019intuition.<br \/>\nLa m\u00e9thode \u00ab B \u00bb a aussi une grille d\u2019ajustement reposant sur l\u2019intuition, mais elle<br \/>\ncomprend des math\u00e9matiques de base pour aider \u00e0 orienter le \u00ab navire intuitif \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Le bien vis\u00e9 est un immeuble de bureaux converti qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 vendu le 29 mars 2021<br \/>\npour 650 000 $ \u00e0 London, Ontario. Il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 annonc\u00e9 dans un service interagences.<br \/>\nL\u2019immeuble, qui fait 2702 pieds carr\u00e9s, existe depuis 128 ans. La dimension du lot est de<br \/>\n4004 pieds carr\u00e9s. Il y a 800 pieds carr\u00e9s de sous-sol fini. L\u2019immeuble est situ\u00e9 sur la rue<br \/>\nOxford Est, qui est un important r\u00e9seau routier art\u00e9riel \u00e0 quatre voies. L\u2019immeuble avait<br \/>\nservi de cabinet m\u00e9dical.<\/p>\n<p>Les comparables s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s sont comme suit :<\/p>\n<p>Avant toute analyse, sachons que la variance dans les prix de vente par pied<br \/>\ncarr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble \u00e9tait de 62 %. La date r\u00e9elle de l\u2019\u00e9valuation est le 9 f\u00e9vrier 2021.<br \/>\nNous avons s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9 ces variables libres : emplacement, dimension de l\u2019immeuble,<br \/>\n\u00e2ge l\u2019immeuble, dimension du lot, sous-sol fini et condition. Elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es<br \/>\nselon mon sens intuitif de ce que la plupart des acheteurs prendraient en consid\u00e9ration<br \/>\nen faisant l\u2019acquisition d\u2019un bureau converti. Les ventes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rajust\u00e9es en fonction<br \/>\ndu temps, de 1 % par ann\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Par George Canning, AACI, P. App., <\/p>\n<p>Canning Consultants Inc., London, ON<\/p>\n<p>COMPARABLE 1 2 3 4 5 6<\/p>\n<p>Vendu Janvier 2020 Juin 2017 Janvier 2018 Mars 2020 Mai 2019 Mai 2019<\/p>\n<p>Dimension de l\u2019immeuble &#8211; pi ca 3428 2010 2482 2919 2069 4749<\/p>\n<p>\u00c2ge de l\u2019immeuble &#8211; ans 104 147 114 112 125 116<\/p>\n<p>Sous-sol fini &#8211; pi ca 1327 891 1241 1231 685 1309<\/p>\n<p>Zonage R3-1, R9-7,<br \/>\nOR2, OC6, R02<\/p>\n<p>R2-2(7) OC4, R3 AC4 OC5, R3 OC2, R3<\/p>\n<p>Dim. lot &#8211; pi ca 6000 8060 3833 6270 6500 4980<\/p>\n<p>Utilisation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale Dentaire M\u00e9dical Dentaire Bureau g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Bureau g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Commerce<\/p>\n<p>Emplacement Voie art\u00e9rielle Voie art\u00e9rielle Non-art\u00e9rielle Art\u00e9rielle Art\u00e9rielle Non-art\u00e9rielle<\/p>\n<p>Prix de vente par pi ca d\u2019immeuble 233,37 $ 280,35 $ 266,92 $ 196,99 $ 312,71 $ 192,67 $<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 25Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LA M\u00c9THODE \u00ab A \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Vente 1 2 3 4 5 6<br \/>\nPdV par pi ca d\u2019immeuble 233,37 $ 280,35 $ 266,92 $ 196,99 $ 312,71 $ 192,67 $<br \/>\nTemps +1 % +4 % +3 % +1 % 0 % +2 %<br \/>\nRajust. temps 235,70 $ 291,56 $ 274,93 $ 198,96 $ 312,71 $ 196,52 $<\/p>\n<p>RAJUSTMENTS<br \/>\nEmplacement 0 0 0 &#8211; 0 0<br \/>\nDim. immeuble &#8211; 0 &#8211; &#8211; 0 &#8211;<br \/>\n\u00c2ge immeuble &#8211; 0 0 0 0 0<br \/>\nDimension lot &#8211; &#8211; + &#8211; &#8211; 0<br \/>\nSous-sol fini &#8211; 0 &#8211; &#8211; + &#8211;<br \/>\nCondition + + + ++ + +<br \/>\nPrix de vente rajust\u00e9 290,00 $ 300,00 $ 280,00 $ 275,00 $ 325,00 $ 235,00 $<\/p>\n<p>Nous avons compar\u00e9 les caract\u00e9ristiques de chaque vente \u00e0 celles du bien vis\u00e9. La conclusion,<br \/>\nc\u2019est que les indices no 1, 2 et 5 sont les meilleurs comparables. Quand les taux rajust\u00e9s sont<br \/>\nappliqu\u00e9s \u00e0 la dimension de l\u2019immeuble vis\u00e9, nous obtenons une valeur marchande se situant<br \/>\nentre 600 880 $ et 673 400 $. C\u2019est une diff\u00e9rence de 12 %. Nous avons commenc\u00e9 avec une<br \/>\nvariance de 62 % dans les prix de vente par pied carr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble. Ainsi, en y allant seulement<br \/>\npar intuition, nous avons pu r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement la variance \u00ab d&rsquo;entr\u00e9e \u00bb des ventes.<br \/>\nLe prix de vente r\u00e9el de l\u2019immeuble vis\u00e9 tombait dans cette fourchette.<\/p>\n<p>LA M\u00c9THODE \u00ab B \u00bb<br \/>\nLa m\u00e9thode \u00ab B \u00bb employant l\u2019analyse des points de qualit\u00e9 (PQ) adh\u00e8re strictement \u00e0 la MCD.<br \/>\nElle utilisera les m\u00eames variables libres que celles s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es dans la m\u00e9thode \u00ab B \u00bb.<br \/>\nLes rajustements aux ventes ne sont pas +, &#8211; ou des termes comme plus bas, plus haut, ou<br \/>\n\u00e9gal. Le point de qualit\u00e9 utilise une \u00e9chelle ordinale de 1-4-9-16-25-36-49. Cela fonctionne<br \/>\nainsi : toute vente montrant une caract\u00e9ristique de variable libre similaire recevrait le m\u00eame<br \/>\nscore. C\u2019est comme mettre toutes les chemises blanches dans un panier, les bleues dans un<br \/>\nautre, etc. Aucune valeur n\u2019est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 ce processus. Nous trions les variables libres pour<br \/>\nles mettre dans le panier qui leur est destin\u00e9. Dans certains cas, c\u2019est mauvais car nous<br \/>\navons compt\u00e9 seulement sur notre intuition. \u00c0 ce stade-ci, il n\u2019y a pas de comparaison directe<br \/>\navec le bien vis\u00e9. Nous savons que les ventes sont comparables au bien et nous aborderons la<br \/>\nquestion plus tard dans l\u2019analyse. Nous b\u00e2tissons un mod\u00e8le pour \u00ab expliquer \u00bb et \u00ab r\u00e9duire \u00bb<br \/>\nla variation dans les prix de vente des comparables. Les ventes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rajust\u00e9es \u00ab en fonction<br \/>\ndu temps \u00bb, tel qu\u2019indiqu\u00e9 dans la m\u00e9thode \u00ab A \u00bb (nous avions utilis\u00e9 1 % par ann\u00e9e).<\/p>\n<p>La m\u00e9thode \u00ab B \u00bb bas\u00e9e sur notre sens intuitif produit une s\u00e9rie de pond\u00e9rants, qui sont d\u00e9riv\u00e9s<br \/>\ndes ventes comparables \u00e0 travers nos scores et un solutionneur. Voir l\u2019illustration ci-dessous.<\/p>\n<p>VARIABLES LIBRES March\u00e9 des pond\u00e9rants<br \/>\nEmplacement (x 0,41    )<br \/>\n\u00c2ge de l\u2019immeuble (x 0,33    )<br \/>\nDimension de l\u2019immeuble (x 0,05    )<br \/>\nCondition (x 0,16    )<br \/>\nSous-sol fini (x 0,05    )<\/p>\n<p>(x 1,00    )<\/p>\n<p>On ne peut pas dire que l\u2019emplacement repr\u00e9sente 0,41 ou 41 % de tous les prix de vente<br \/>\ndes comparables. Il n\u2019y a pas de corr\u00e9lation directe. Toutefois, ces pond\u00e9rants nous disent<br \/>\nquelque chose sur la \u00ab force \u00bb de chaque variable libre. Notre examen des pond\u00e9rants<br \/>\nn\u2019indique rien d\u2019inhabituel.<\/p>\n<p>Les PQ peuvent \u00eatre test\u00e9s pour donner \u00e0 l\u2019intervenant une id\u00e9e \u00e0 savoir si nous allons dans<br \/>\nla bonne direction. Il y a deux m\u00e9thodes auxquelles se fier. La m\u00e9thode no 1 consiste \u00e0 surveiller<br \/>\nla moyenne ajust\u00e9e des prix de vente par pied carr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble. Voir l\u2019illustration ci-dessous.<\/p>\n<p>COEFFICIENT DE VARIANCE<\/p>\n<p>MOYENNE DU PRIX DE VENTE RAJUST\u00c9 DES COMPARABLES<br \/>\nMoyenne 17,00 $<br \/>\n\u00c9cart-type en dollars 3,57 $<br \/>\nCoefficient de variance comme pourcentage de la moyenne 21 %<\/p>\n<p>Le laur\u00e9at du prix<br \/>\nNobel d\u2019\u00e9conomie<br \/>\nDaniel Kahneman<br \/>\nth\u00e9orise que la pens\u00e9e<br \/>\nintuitive pr\u00e9sente \u00e0 la<br \/>\nfois des avantages et<br \/>\ndes inconv\u00e9nients :<br \/>\nelle est plus rapide<br \/>\nqu\u2019une approche<br \/>\ntraditionnelle, mais<br \/>\nplus sujette \u00e0 l\u2019erreur.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 26 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>La moyenne du prix de vente rajust\u00e9 par pied carr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble est de 17,00 $ et l\u2019\u00e9cart-type<br \/>\nou la distance autour de la moyenne est de 3,87 $. Ce dernier montant est converti en un<br \/>\npourcentage de la moyenne (21 %). On l\u2019appelle le coefficient de variance. Nous avons<br \/>\ncommenc\u00e9 avec une diff\u00e9rence de 62 % autour du prix de vente par pied carr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble<br \/>\ndes ventes et, apr\u00e8s tout notre dur travail, nous l\u2019avons ramen\u00e9 \u00e0 21 %. Le test no 2 sert \u00e0<br \/>\npr\u00e9dire les prix de chaque vente par rapport au prix de vente rajust\u00e9 en fonction du temps<br \/>\npar pied carr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble pour chaque vente. Voir l\u2019illustration ci-dessous.<\/p>\n<p>TESTS R\u00c9SIDUELS<\/p>\n<p>PdV PAR PI CA DE COMPRABLES (APR\u00c8S TEMPS) 252,04 $ 285,96 $ 274,93 $ 198,96 $ 312,71 $ 196,53 $<\/p>\n<p>PdV PROJET\u00c9 PAR PI CA D\u2019IMMEUBLE SELON NOTRE INTUITION 295,33 $ 247,07 $ 283,44 $ 172,52 $ 252,54 $ 312,33 $<\/p>\n<p>DIFF\u00c9RENCE 17,18 % 13,60 % 3,09 % 13,28 % 19,15 % 58,93 %<\/p>\n<p>Les diff\u00e9rences entre deux s\u00e9ries de nombres ne sont pas acceptables. La seule qui soit<br \/>\nencourageante est celle de l\u2019indice no 3, \u00e0 3,09 %. Pour le reste, nous \u00e9tions loin dans le champ.<\/p>\n<p>SOMMAIRE DE BASE<br \/>\nNous avons appliqu\u00e9 deux tests au mod\u00e8le \u00ab B \u00bb, qui indiquent que notre sens intuitif d\u2019essayer<br \/>\nde \u00ab r\u00e9duire \u00bb et \u00ab expliquer \u00bb la variation n\u2019est pas tr\u00e8s bon. Dans les deux mod\u00e8les, nous<br \/>\navons 16 % et 21 % de variation inexpliqu\u00e9e dans le prix de vente par pied carr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble<br \/>\nqui n\u2019est pas imput\u00e9e. Cela nous dit certainement que notre intuition n\u2019est pas compl\u00e8tement<br \/>\nmauvaise, mais pourquoi sommes-nous incapables d\u2019expliquer un plus grand pourcentage de<br \/>\nla diff\u00e9rence dans les prix de vente par pied carr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble des ventes ?<\/p>\n<p>Par souci de concision, nous avons pris d\u2019autres d\u00e9cisions intuitives au sujet de nos ventes<br \/>\nqui ont am\u00e9lior\u00e9 notre MDC dans le mod\u00e8le \u00ab B \u00bb. Elles \u00e9taient les suivantes :<br \/>\n1. D\u2019abord, nous avons constat\u00e9 qu\u2019il y a une relation invers\u00e9e entre les prix de vente des <\/p>\n<p>comparables et leurs dimensions d\u2019immeuble. Ce n\u2019\u00e9tait pas \u00e9vident dans le mod\u00e8le \u00ab A \u00bb.<br \/>\nVoir ci-dessous un diagramme de dispersion des donn\u00e9es qui montre cela clairement. <\/p>\n<p>320 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>300 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>280 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>260 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>240 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>220 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>200 \u2013<\/p>\n<p>2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000<\/p>\n<p>Diagramme de dispersion du PRIX DE VENTE PAR PI CA D\u2019IMMEUBLE VS DIM. DE L\u2019IMMEUBLE<\/p>\n<p>P<br \/>\nR<\/p>\n<p>IX<br \/>\n D<\/p>\n<p>E<br \/>\n V<\/p>\n<p>E<br \/>\nN<\/p>\n<p>TE<br \/>\n P<\/p>\n<p>A<br \/>\nR<\/p>\n<p> P<br \/>\nI C<\/p>\n<p>A<br \/>\n D<\/p>\n<p>\u2019IM<br \/>\nM<\/p>\n<p>E<br \/>\nU<\/p>\n<p>B<br \/>\nL<\/p>\n<p>E<\/p>\n<p>DIMENSION DE L\u2019IMMEUBLE<\/p>\n<p>Le PQ peut traiter ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de march\u00e9 assez facilement. C\u2019est beaucoup plus<br \/>\nprobl\u00e9matique d\u2019utiliser le format de rajustement standard +\/-, meilleur ou pire.<\/p>\n<p>2. Nous avons aussi observ\u00e9 que le sous-sol fini et la dimension du site ne jouaient aucun<br \/>\nr\u00f4le pour expliquer les diff\u00e9rences dans les prix des comparables.<\/p>\n<p>Nous les avons simplement supprim\u00e9s du mod\u00e8le \u00ab B \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>3. Nous avons en outre d\u00e9couvert que les rajustements en fonction du temps que nous<br \/>\navions bien int\u00e9gr\u00e9s dans la m\u00e9thode \u00ab A \u00bb n\u2019\u00e9taient pas corrects apr\u00e8s les avoir<br \/>\ntranspos\u00e9s dans la m\u00e9thode \u00ab B \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Que nous comptions sur<br \/>\nnotre instinct ou faisions<br \/>\nune analyse sobre pour<br \/>\nprendre une d\u00e9cision,<br \/>\ncela semble d\u00e9pendre<br \/>\nd\u2019une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de facteurs,<br \/>\ncomme nos exp\u00e9riences<br \/>\npass\u00e9es dans des<br \/>\nsituations semblables<br \/>\net la complexit\u00e9<br \/>\ndu probl\u00e8me.<\/p>\n<p>Plusieurs sp\u00e9cialistes de<br \/>\nla cognition soutiennent<br \/>\nque la pens\u00e9e<br \/>\nanalytique et la pens\u00e9e<br \/>\nintuitive ne devraient<br \/>\npas \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9es<br \/>\ncomme des oppos\u00e9s.<br \/>\nLes \u00e9tudes montrent<br \/>\nque notre prise de<br \/>\nd\u00e9cision fonctionne<br \/>\nsouvent le mieux<br \/>\nlorsqu\u2019on m\u00e9lange les<br \/>\ndeux strat\u00e9gies. <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 27Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Cela ne nous surprend pas, car le temps n\u2019est pas uniforme dans le march\u00e9 et, avec les PQ,<br \/>\nnous pouvons faire un test de temps pour corriger le probl\u00e8me. En somme, c\u2019est un processus<br \/>\nd\u2019essais-erreurs que de contr\u00f4ler le coefficient de variance autour de la moyenne du prix de<br \/>\nvente par pied carr\u00e9 d\u2019immeuble des comparables. Apr\u00e8s avoir apport\u00e9 d\u2019autres rajustements<br \/>\nintuitifs au temps, nous avons \u00e9t\u00e9 en mesure d\u2019am\u00e9liorer le coefficient de variance.<\/p>\n<p>Si nous pr\u00e9sumons avoir pris de meilleures d\u00e9cisions intuitives au sujet de l\u2019analyse des<br \/>\nventes, nous pouvons alors refaire nos deux tests.<\/p>\n<p>TESTS R\u00c9SIDUELS<\/p>\n<p>PdV PAR PI CA DE COMPRABLES (APR\u00c8S TEMPS) 235,71 $ 280,35 $ 266,92 $ 196,99 $ 312,71 $ 192,67 $<\/p>\n<p>PdV PROJET\u00c9 PAR PI CA D\u2019IMMEUBLE SELON NOTRE INTUITION 236,63 $ 282,28 $ 270,15 $ 197,64 $ 305,94 $ 191,93 $<\/p>\n<p>DIFF\u00c9RENCE 0,39 % 0,69 % 1,21 % 0,33 % 2,16 % 0,39 %<\/p>\n<p>On peut voir dans le test ci-dessus que nous n\u2019avons pas manqu\u00e9 par beaucoup quant \u00e0 notre<br \/>\npr\u00e9diction apr\u00e8s avoir r\u00e9align\u00e9 notre intuition.<\/p>\n<p>COEFFICIENT DE VARIANCE<\/p>\n<p>MEAN ADJUSTED SELLING PRICE OF THE COMPARABLES<\/p>\n<p>Moyenne 14,76 $<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9cart-type en dollars 0,16 $<\/p>\n<p>Coefficient de variance comme pourcentage de la moyenne 1 %<\/p>\n<p>Nous avons pu expliquer 99 % de la variation dans les prix de vente par pied carr\u00e9<br \/>\nd\u2019immeuble des ventes. La m\u00e9thode \u00ab B \u00bb finissait avec une fourchette de valeurs projet\u00e9es<br \/>\nde 651 000 $ \u00e0 666 000 $ pour le bien vis\u00e9. Cette analyse n\u2019appara\u00eet pas ici.<\/p>\n<p>CONCLUSIONS<br \/>\nNous pouvons faire toutes sortes de d\u00e9ductions sur l\u2019intuition et sur les deux mod\u00e8les<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation. Nous ne pouvons pas dire qu\u2019un mod\u00e8le est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable \u00e0 l\u2019autre, car la<br \/>\ndiff\u00e9rence r\u00e9side dans le traitement de l\u2019intuition.<\/p>\n<p>Il est certain que l\u2019intuition joue un r\u00f4le dans le processus d\u2019\u00e9valuation. C\u2019est tr\u00e8s<br \/>\nlogique, parce que les \u00e9valuateurs vont d\u00e9velopper une certaine compr\u00e9hension des divers<br \/>\naspects de l\u2019immobilier durant leur carri\u00e8re, en se demandant, par exemple : Est-ce que le<br \/>\nmarch\u00e9 a mont\u00e9 ? Est-ce que la rue des Pins est toujours un aussi bon emplacement que la<br \/>\nrue des \u00c9rables ? Est-ce que les acheteurs sont pr\u00eats \u00e0 payer plus cher pour une propri\u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\nde plus grande dimension ? Toutes les questions sur l\u2019immobilier m\u00e8neront \u00e9ventuellement<br \/>\n\u00e0 la MCD. C\u2019est un fait tr\u00e8s r\u00e9el sur notre secteur d\u2019activit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Nous savons aussi que personne ne poss\u00e8de un sens intuitif parfait pour chaque aspect<br \/>\nde l\u2019immobilier. Par cons\u00e9quent, il faut conclure que pour chaque d\u00e9cision immobili\u00e8re<br \/>\nintuitive que ne prenons, il va se glisser des erreurs dans ce jugement.<\/p>\n<p>Dans nos deux exemples d\u2019analyse, l\u2019auteur a pris les meilleures d\u00e9cisions pour les<br \/>\nventes dans les deux cas. Les deux m\u00e9thodes ont aussi conduit l\u2019auteur sur une fausse piste,<br \/>\ntout simplement parce que son intuition \u00e9tait imparfaite. Cependant, plus de pens\u00e9e intuitive,<br \/>\ncombin\u00e9e \u00e0 des tests de nos id\u00e9es, nous a permis d\u2019expliquer un tr\u00e8s fort pourcentage des<br \/>\ndiff\u00e9rences dans les prix de vente des comparables.<\/p>\n<p>La seule le\u00e7on \u00e0 retenir ici est que quelques simples tests math\u00e9matiques<br \/>\npourraient \u00eatre la meilleure d\u00e9fense contre les mauvais jugements intuitifs en mati\u00e8re<br \/>\nd\u2019immobilier. En d\u2019autres mots, l\u2019intuition n\u2019est pas absolue. Elle peut \u00eatre pouss\u00e9e,<br \/>\ntir\u00e9e et frapp\u00e9e jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce qu\u2019elle nous aide \u00e0 fa\u00e7onner les donn\u00e9es sur lesquelles<br \/>\nnous travaillons. Cela s\u2019appelle l\u2019analyse des donn\u00e9es. Dans ce processus, l\u2019intuition<br \/>\naffine aussi nos comp\u00e9tences. <\/p>\n<p>Le d\u00e9bat permanent<br \/>\nsur la prise de d\u00e9cision<br \/>\ninstinctive versus<br \/>\nla prise de d\u00e9cision<br \/>\nanalytique est utile,<br \/>\ncar les deux ont leurs<br \/>\navantages. Les \u00e9quipes<br \/>\nou institutions peuvent<br \/>\nretirer des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices<br \/>\nen prenant le temps<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9tablir le processus<br \/>\nde prise de d\u00e9cision<br \/>\nqui les servira le mieux.<br \/>\nNous accordons de<br \/>\nl\u2019importance aux<br \/>\nleaders qui peuvent<br \/>\nfusionner les deux<br \/>\ntypes de d\u00e9cisions afin<br \/>\nque l\u2019exp\u00e9rience et les<br \/>\nnouvelles connaissances<br \/>\napport\u00e9es par l\u2019analyse<br \/>\npuissent produire les<br \/>\nmeilleures id\u00e9es. Donc,<br \/>\nfaites vos devoirs et<br \/>\ntenez compte des<br \/>\nnouvelles tendances et<br \/>\nr\u00e9alit\u00e9s commerciales;<br \/>\ntoutefois, ne sous-<br \/>\n\u00e9valuez pas l\u2019intuition en<br \/>\nprenant vos d\u00e9cisions.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 28 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>EARN CPD CREDITS AND  <\/p>\n<p>ADVANCE OUR APPRAISAL PROFESSION<\/p>\n<p>Do you want to contribute<br \/>\nto the next issue of<br \/>\nCanadian Property Valuation?<\/p>\n<p>OBTENIR DES CR\u00c9DITS PPC ET<\/p>\n<p>MODERNISONS NOTRE PROFESSION D\u2019\u00c9VALUATEUR<\/p>\n<p>Voulez-vous contribuer au<br \/>\nprochain num\u00e9ro d\u2019\u00c9valuation<br \/>\nimmobili\u00e8re au Canada ?<\/p>\n<p>Si vous aimeriez faire publier un article dans un prochain<br \/>\nnum\u00e9ro de la revue \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada<br \/>\net contribuer de fa\u00e7on significative \u00e0 l\u2019avancement de la<br \/>\nprofession, veuillez contacter :<\/p>\n<p>HADDY JOHN, Gestionnaire, communications,<br \/>\nInstitut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs  <\/p>\n<p>haddyj@aicanada.ca \u2022 1-613-234-6533 x230<\/p>\n<p>*Remarque : Nous fournirons les d\u00e9tails suppl\u00e9mentaires et toute l\u2019aide<br \/>\ndont vous pourriez avoir besoin pour assurer un processus de contribution<br \/>\nharmonieux et efficace.<\/p>\n<p>Nous sommes \u00e0 la recherche d\u2019articles qui traitent de sujets<br \/>\npertinents, opportuns et informatifs, r\u00e9dig\u00e9s par des \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nd\u00e9sireux de partager leurs connaissances et leur expertise ou<br \/>\npartager leurs exp\u00e9riences uniques en contribuant un article dans<br \/>\nla revue \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada. C\u2019est une fa\u00e7on id\u00e9ale :<\/p>\n<p>\u00fc d\u2019am\u00e9liorer les connaissances de vos coll\u00e8gues<\/p>\n<p>\u00fc de moderniser la profession d\u2019\u00e9valuateur dans son ensemble<\/p>\n<p>\u00fc de profiter d\u2019une exposition et d\u2019\u00eatre reconnu par vos pairs<\/p>\n<p>\u00fc d&rsquo;obtenir des cr\u00e9dits de PPC<\/p>\n<p>We are looking for topical, timely and informative<br \/>\narticles provided by appraisers who are willing<br \/>\nto share their knowledge and expertise or unique<br \/>\nexperiences by contributing an article to Canadian<br \/>\nProperty Valuation. It is an ideal way to:<\/p>\n<p>\u00fc enhance the knowledge of your colleagues <\/p>\n<p>\u00fc advance the appraisal profession as a whole<\/p>\n<p>\u00fc gain exposure and recognition with your peers<\/p>\n<p>\u00fc earn CPD credits<\/p>\n<p>If you are interested in being published in a future<br \/>\nissue of Canadian Property Valuation and contributing<br \/>\nsignificantly to the advancement of the profession,<br \/>\nplease contact:  <\/p>\n<p>HADDY JOHN, Manager, Communications,<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada <\/p>\n<p>haddyj@aicanada.ca \u2022 1-613-234-6533 x230<\/p>\n<p>*Note: We will provide additional details and any assistance you require<br \/>\nto ensure a smooth and efficient contribution process.<\/p>\n<p>mailto:haddyj@aicanada.ca<br \/>\nmailto:haddyj@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Navigating<br \/>\nintelligent<br \/>\nwater systems:<br \/>\nhealth, safety, and risk mitigation<\/p>\n<p>By James Dipping, PE, CPD, LEED AP BD+C, ARCSA\u00aeAP,<br \/>\ntechnical director of plumbing engineering at ESD<br \/>\n(Environmental Systems Design, Inc.), a leading<br \/>\nglobal engineering firm specializing in mechanical,<br \/>\nelectrical, plumbing, fire protection, life safety,<br \/>\nstructural, and technology engineering.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 30 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>buildings and hospitals) account for 17% of publicly<br \/>\nsupplied water in the U.S. For these properties,<br \/>\nrestrooms, heating and cooling, and landscaping<br \/>\naccount for most of the use. Strategies to increase<br \/>\nsavings and efficiency include:<br \/>\n\u2022 Implementing energy-efficiency measures to <\/p>\n<p>reduce the need for building and equipment<br \/>\ncooling and heating, which will reduce the<br \/>\namount of water required by these systems.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Harvesting rainwater, graywater (gently<br \/>\nused water from bathroom sinks, showers,<br \/>\nwashing machines, etc.), and other<br \/>\nnon-potable water sources for outside<br \/>\nirrigation and flushing applications.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Installing more efficient fixtures (such as dual<br \/>\nflush toilets, sensor-controlled faucets, etc.)<\/p>\n<p>However, a huge caveat needs to be placed on<br \/>\nthe third bullet point. Before anyone rushes out<br \/>\nto install low-flow fixtures to save water, they<br \/>\nneed to be advised that doing so in haste could be<br \/>\nputting building occupants at risk. Today\u2019s water<br \/>\npipe sizing practices are outdated and do not<br \/>\nconsider the decreased volumes of water used by<br \/>\nwidespread low-flow fixtures. These devices can<br \/>\nleave water in the pipes and increase building<br \/>\nwater age. Stagnant water in these systems<br \/>\ncan create an environment ideal for cultivating<br \/>\ndangerous pathogens, including the bacterium<br \/>\nresponsible for Legionnaires\u2019 disease.<\/p>\n<p>When water was flowing at higher volumes<br \/>\nthrough the plumbing systems, the water<br \/>\npurveyor\u2019s primary and secondary disinfectants<br \/>\nhad the best chance at eliminating water borne<br \/>\npathogens because the chemicals used have a<br \/>\ncertain shelf life. The use of low flow fixtures<br \/>\nin conjunction with outdated water pipe sizing<br \/>\npractices allow the disinfectants to expire<br \/>\nbefore the water reaches the faucet. As a result,<br \/>\npathogens are given the opportunity to grow and<br \/>\nmultiply inside the building pipes.<\/p>\n<p>The fixture unit method referenced in most<br \/>\nplumbing codes to calculate water pipe size is<br \/>\nbased on the outdated Hunter\u2019s Curve, developed<br \/>\nback in the 1940s when plumbing fixtures were<br \/>\nconsuming water at much higher volumes.<br \/>\nThe plumbing engineering community must<br \/>\nquestion why a calculation method is being used<br \/>\nwhich fails to reflect the reality of today\u2019s low<br \/>\nflow plumbing designs.<\/p>\n<p>\u200aKnowledge may be power, but the systematic compilation and analysis of data is the key to actionable intelligence. Smart buildings use a wide range of existing technologies to facilitate the<br \/>\nefficient and economical use of resources by<br \/>\ncollecting and sharing data between systems.<br \/>\nAnd while initial thoughts may go to energy<br \/>\nmonitoring and HVAC (heating, ventilation, and<br \/>\nair conditioning) controls, a growing awareness of<br \/>\nintelligent domestic water systems is trending \u2013<br \/>\nand for good reason. Today\u2019s building owners,<br \/>\noperators, developers, and water management<br \/>\nprofessionals are adjusting to new demands in<br \/>\na post-pandemic world. Many are re-examining<br \/>\ntraditional functions of their facilities as tenants<br \/>\nseek greater flexibility, connectivity, comfort,<br \/>\nhealth, and safety.<\/p>\n<p>Integrating an intelligent domestic water<br \/>\nsystem can have an impact on all those areas.<br \/>\nThe use of water management plans can<br \/>\nmitigate health and safety risks and help avoid<br \/>\npotential lawsuits for negligence. The following<br \/>\ninformation can enhance getting the most out of<br \/>\nan intelligent water system.<\/p>\n<p>Be careful what water<br \/>\nconservation measures<br \/>\nare used<\/p>\n<p>According to recent reports from the U.S.<br \/>\nEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA), water use<br \/>\nin commercial and institutional facilities (e.g., office <\/p>\n<p>The use of water management plans can<br \/>\nmitigate health and safety risks and help<br \/>\navoid potential lawsuits for negligence.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 31Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Building owners and managers should work<br \/>\nwith design engineers to correctly size the piping<br \/>\ninfrastructure of their facilities using tools like<br \/>\nthe Water Demand Calculator. While this tool is<br \/>\nrecognized for only certain building types in the<br \/>\nUniform Plumbing Code (UPC), it is a starting<br \/>\npoint to keeping water moving in buildings and<br \/>\nrecognizing that fixtures are flowing lower than<br \/>\nthey were in 1940. Only then, can a wholistic use<br \/>\nof water conserving fixtures be recommended.<br \/>\nWhile they are important, keeping buildings<br \/>\nhealthy is more important.<\/p>\n<p>Limiting water<br \/>\nborne pathogens<\/p>\n<p>Legionella is a general category of bacterium<br \/>\nall-too-commonly found in water supplies.<br \/>\nThere are over 60 different species of bacterium,<br \/>\nof which 25 are known to be implicated in<br \/>\nhuman disease. There is one king of the species,<br \/>\nLegionella pneumophila, that is responsible for<br \/>\napproximately 90% of all infections. About 1 out<br \/>\nof every 10 people diagnosed with Legionnaires\u2019<br \/>\ndisease will die due to complications from<br \/>\ntheir illness. For those who get Legionnaires\u2019<br \/>\ndisease during a stay in a healthcare facility, the<br \/>\nmortality rate climbs to about 1 out of every 4.<\/p>\n<p>Plumbing engineer professionals have good<br \/>\nreason to be so concerned about Legionella<br \/>\nsince plumbing domestic water systems are  <\/p>\n<p>the predominant source of the bacteria.<br \/>\nIf Legionella grows in a plumbing system,<br \/>\nthe bacteria can spread to humans via small<br \/>\ndroplets and\/or vapor inhaled into the lungs.<br \/>\nCommon sources where these droplets are<br \/>\n\u2018made\u2019 include:<br \/>\n\u2022 Showerheads and sink faucets<br \/>\n\u2022 Cooling towers<br \/>\n\u2022 Hot tubs<br \/>\n\u2022 Decorative fountains and water features<br \/>\n\u2022 Hot water tanks and heaters<br \/>\n\u2022 Large, complex plumbing systems<br \/>\nSo how do the bacteria grow and spread? Water<br \/>\ntemperature, disinfectant residual, stagnation,<br \/>\nand quality as well as pipe materials and other<br \/>\nfactors can all contribute to the development<br \/>\nof Legionella pneumophila growth in the<br \/>\ndomestic water system. The larger and more<br \/>\ncomplex the building is, the more challenging<br \/>\nit is to maintain a healthy, balanced system.<br \/>\nComplicating this further, the age, location,<br \/>\nsurrounding environment, and incoming water<br \/>\nquality can also have a significant impact on<br \/>\nthe development of Legionella bacteria.<\/p>\n<p>Legionella bacteria have an ideal<br \/>\ntemperature range for growth which also<br \/>\nhappens to be right in the sweet spot most<br \/>\nbuilding occupants favor for washing,<br \/>\nbathing, showering, or soaking in a hot tub.<br \/>\nAnd if the building occupants are in a higher<br \/>\nrisk category, more options may have to be<br \/>\nconsidered, such as supplemental disinfection<br \/>\nto keep occupants safe.<\/p>\n<p>The American Society of Heating,<br \/>\nRefrigerating and Air-Conditioning<br \/>\nEngineers (ASHRAE) offers a guide to<br \/>\nLegionellosis: Risk Management for Building<br \/>\nWater Systems, which it describes as<br \/>\n\u201cessential for anyone involved in design,<br \/>\nconstruction, installation, commissioning,<br \/>\noperation, maintenance, and service of<br \/>\ncentralized building water systems and<br \/>\ncomponents.\u201d Likewise, the U.S. Center for<br \/>\nDisease Control and Prevention (CDC) offers<br \/>\nits Toolkit: Developing a Water Management<br \/>\nProgram to Reduce Legionella Growth and<br \/>\nSpread in Buildings.<\/p>\n<p>Building owners and managers should<br \/>\nwork with design engineers to correctly<br \/>\nsize the piping infrastructure of<br \/>\ntheir facilities.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 32 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Water temperature needs to<br \/>\nbe controlled to minimize<br \/>\nlegal risks<\/p>\n<p>Treating water with high temperatures seems<br \/>\nlike a good answer to controlling the growth of<br \/>\npathogens like Legionella, but that approach<br \/>\ncould cause other problems. In the hospitality<br \/>\nindustry, the two biggest complaints are the<br \/>\nlack of hot water and water that is too hot or<br \/>\nscalding. With an inability to confirm the water<br \/>\ntemperature in the supply piping to a guest<br \/>\nroom at the time such a complaint is lodged,<br \/>\nhospitality establishments are forced to go along<br \/>\nwith whatever the guest claims, even when the<br \/>\ncomplaint leads to a lawsuit. <\/p>\n<p>If building management systems began<br \/>\nincorporating more water monitoring, it would<br \/>\nbe possible to know exactly what the water<br \/>\ntemperature is in each pipe at any given time.<br \/>\nNot only would this data enable buildings to<br \/>\nconfirm or dismiss water complaints, but it would<br \/>\nultimately give facilities the tools to improve<br \/>\nsystems performance and occupant health.<\/p>\n<p>With an accurate picture of water temperatures<br \/>\nas measured by sensors strategically placed<br \/>\nthroughout a building\u2019s pipes, these levels<br \/>\ncan be properly adjusted to improve system<br \/>\nperformance, better reduce water pathogen growth,<br \/>\nand improve overall water quality. With this key<br \/>\nbuilding intelligence in hand, building engineers and<br \/>\nmanagers would be much better equipped to take a <\/p>\n<p>proactive water management role and deliver safer,<br \/>\nmore hygienic water at the right temperature.<br \/>\nThe failure to monitor the temperature of domestic<br \/>\nwater systems outside the mechanical room can<br \/>\nincrease a building\u2019s exposure to risk, litigation,<br \/>\nand hurting the bottom line.<\/p>\n<p>Intelligent water systems:<br \/>\nsmart for people and for business<br \/>\nIn addition to making buildings safer, healthier,<br \/>\nand more ecologically responsible, implementing<br \/>\na smart water system can have other positive<br \/>\nimpacts on a company\u2019s balance sheet.<br \/>\nPlanning for the adoption of an intelligent system<br \/>\ncan uncover problems, such as previously<br \/>\nundetected leaks or malfunctioning equipment,<br \/>\nthat may have otherwise gone unnoticed.<br \/>\nMore comprehensive metering can also identify<br \/>\nareas to target reduced water use.<\/p>\n<p>Establishing and communicating water<br \/>\nconservation and efficiency measures can<br \/>\nalso position building owners, managers,<br \/>\nand companies as leaders helping to improve<br \/>\nsustainability. Implementing best management<br \/>\npractices for water efficiency can earn<br \/>\nrecognition for facility owners and managers in<br \/>\nthe green marketplace.<\/p>\n<p>For a water management program to<br \/>\nsucceed, there should be a comprehensive<br \/>\nstrategic plan and vision in place. Understanding<br \/>\ncurrent water uses and systems allows for<br \/>\nthe development of a plan for greater water<br \/>\nconservation, efficiency, management, and<br \/>\nhealth and safety. Having clear objectives also<br \/>\nhelps an organization set priorities to allocate<br \/>\nproject funding to have the greatest impact. <\/p>\n<p>Finally, it is up to plumbing engineering<br \/>\nprofessionals to answer the call to be part<br \/>\nchemist and microbiologist as they fulfill their<br \/>\ndesign responsibilities. It is imperative for<br \/>\nplumbing engineers to constantly learn as much<br \/>\nas possible about trends, risks, and options<br \/>\navailable to provide low-risk, healthy, and safe<br \/>\nintelligent water systems. And while there is<br \/>\nnever a guarantee of the complete elimination of<br \/>\nwaterborne pathogens, substantially reducing<br \/>\nthat risk should be the goal. <\/p>\n<p>The failure to monitor the temperature<br \/>\nof domestic water systems outside<br \/>\nthe mechanical room can increase a<br \/>\nbuilding\u2019s exposure to risk, litigation,<br \/>\nand hurting the bottom line.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 33Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p> Le savoir peut \u00eatre un pouvoir, mais la compilation syst\u00e9matique et l\u2019analyse des donn\u00e9es est la cl\u00e9 du renseignement qui donne lieu \u00e0 des poursuites. Les b\u00e2timents intelligents utilisent une grande diversit\u00e9 de<br \/>\ntechnologies existantes pour faciliter l\u2019usage efficace<br \/>\net \u00e9conomique des ressources, en colligeant et en<br \/>\npartageant des donn\u00e9es entre diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes.<br \/>\nEt alors que les premiers r\u00e9flexes peuvent conduire au<br \/>\ncontr\u00f4le de l\u2019\u00e9nergie et au syst\u00e8me CVAC (chauffage,<br \/>\nventilation et conditionnement d\u2019air), les r\u00e9seaux<br \/>\nd\u2019alimentation en eau domestique intelligents ont de<br \/>\nplus en plus la cote \u2013 et pour cause. Aujourd\u2019hui, les<br \/>\npropri\u00e9taires, les exploitants et les promoteurs de<br \/>\nb\u00e2timents ainsi que les professionnels de la gestion<br \/>\nde l\u2019eau s\u2019ajustent aux nouvelles demandes du monde<br \/>\npostpand\u00e9mique. Beaucoup revoient les fonctions<br \/>\ntraditionnelles de leurs installations, car les locataires<br \/>\nrecherchent davantage flexibilit\u00e9, connectivit\u00e9, confort,<br \/>\nsant\u00e9 et s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Int\u00e9grer un r\u00e9seau d\u2019alimentation en eau<br \/>\ndomestique intelligent peut avoir un impact<br \/>\ndans tous ces domaines. Le recours \u00e0 des plans<br \/>\nde gestion de l\u2019eau peut r\u00e9duire les risques de<br \/>\nsant\u00e9 et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et aider \u00e0 \u00e9viter les possibles<br \/>\npoursuites pour n\u00e9gligence. L\u2019information suivante<br \/>\npeut permettre de tirer le maximum d\u2019un r\u00e9seau<br \/>\nd\u2019alimentation en eau intelligent.<\/p>\n<p>Par James Dipping, PE, CPD,<br \/>\nLEED AP BD+C, ARCSA\u00aeAP,<br \/>\ndirecteur technique du<br \/>\ng\u00e9nie en plomberie chez<br \/>\nESD (Environmental Systems<br \/>\nDesign, Inc.), une firme<br \/>\nd\u2019ing\u00e9nierie mondiale de <\/p>\n<p>premier rang sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans le g\u00e9nie<br \/>\nen m\u00e9canique, \u00e9lectricit\u00e9, plomberie,<br \/>\nprotection-incendie, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des<br \/>\npersonnes, structures et technologies.<\/p>\n<p>Utilisation des<br \/>\nr\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation<br \/>\nen eau intelligents :<br \/>\nsant\u00e9, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et r\u00e9duction des risques<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 34 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Attention aux mesures<br \/>\nemploy\u00e9es pour<br \/>\n\u00e9conomiser l\u2019eau<\/p>\n<p>Selon de r\u00e9cents rapports de la U.S. Environmental<br \/>\nProtection Agency (EPA), l\u2019utilisation de l\u2019eau<br \/>\ndans les installations commerciales et<br \/>\ninstitutionnelles (p. ex. immeubles de bureaux<br \/>\net h\u00f4pitaux) repr\u00e9sente 17 % de l\u2019eau fournie par<br \/>\nles services publics aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Dans ces<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9s, ce sont les toilettes, le chauffage,<br \/>\nle refroidissement et l\u2019am\u00e9nagement paysager<br \/>\nqui prennent la plus grande part de l\u2019utilisation.<br \/>\nLes strat\u00e9gies pour augmenter les \u00e9conomies et<br \/>\nl\u2019efficacit\u00e9 comprennent :<br \/>\n\u2022 Implanter des mesures \u00e9co\u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques afin de <\/p>\n<p>r\u00e9duire la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de refroidir et de chauffer les<br \/>\nb\u00e2timents et les \u00e9quipements, ce qui diminuera<br \/>\nla quantit\u00e9 d\u2019eau requise pour ces syst\u00e8mes.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Collecter l\u2019eau de pluie, l\u2019eau m\u00e9nag\u00e8re<br \/>\n(l\u00e9g\u00e8rement utilis\u00e9e dans les lavabos de salle<br \/>\nde bains, douches, machines \u00e0 laver, etc.) et<br \/>\nd\u2019autres sources d\u2019eau non potable pour des<br \/>\napplications d\u2019irrigation ext\u00e9rieure et de rin\u00e7age.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Installer des appareils sanitaires plus<br \/>\nefficients (toilettes \u00e0 double chasse, robinets<br \/>\nactiv\u00e9s par capteurs, etc.).<\/p>\n<p>Toutefois, on doit faire une importante mise en<br \/>\ngarde concernant la troisi\u00e8me puce. Avant de se<br \/>\npr\u00e9cipiter pour installer des appareils \u00e0 d\u00e9bit<br \/>\nr\u00e9duit, il faut savoir qu\u2019en le faisant \u00e0 la h\u00e2te, on<br \/>\npourrait mettre en danger les occupants d\u2019un<br \/>\nb\u00e2timent. Les pratiques actuelles en mati\u00e8re <\/p>\n<p>de calibrage des conduites d\u2019eau sont d\u00e9su\u00e8tes<br \/>\net ne tiennent pas compte des moins grands<br \/>\nvolumes d\u2019eau utilis\u00e9e par les appareils \u00e0 d\u00e9bit<br \/>\nr\u00e9duit r\u00e9pandus, qui peuvent laisser l\u2019eau plus<br \/>\nlongtemps dans les conduites des b\u00e2timents et<br \/>\ndonc faire vieillir celle-ci. L\u2019eau stagnante dans<br \/>\nces syst\u00e8mes peut cr\u00e9er un environnement<br \/>\npropice \u00e0 la multiplication d\u2019agents pathog\u00e8nes<br \/>\ndangereux, incluant la bact\u00e9rie causant la<br \/>\nmaladie du l\u00e9gionnaire.<\/p>\n<p>Quand l\u2019eau coulait en plus grands volumes<br \/>\ndans les installations de plomberie, les<br \/>\nd\u00e9sinfectants primaires et secondaires du<br \/>\nfournisseur d\u2019eau avaient la meilleure chance<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9liminer les agents pathog\u00e8nes d\u2019origine<br \/>\naquatique parce que les produits chimiques<br \/>\nutilis\u00e9s ont une certaine dur\u00e9e utile. L\u2019emploi<br \/>\nd\u2019appareils \u00e0 d\u00e9bit r\u00e9duit conjointement aux<br \/>\npratiques d\u00e9su\u00e8tes de calibrage des conduites<br \/>\nd\u2019eau permet aux d\u00e9sinfectants d\u2019expirer<br \/>\navant que l\u2019eau n\u2019atteigne le robinet, avec<br \/>\npour r\u00e9sultat que les agents pathog\u00e8nes ont<br \/>\nl\u2019opportunit\u00e9 de se d\u00e9velopper et se multiplier<br \/>\ndans les conduites des b\u00e2timents.<\/p>\n<p>La m\u00e9thode du facteur d\u2019alimentation<br \/>\nr\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9e dans la plupart des codes de<br \/>\nplomberie pour calculer la grosseur des<br \/>\nconduites d\u2019eau repose sur la courbe de Hunter,<br \/>\nmaintenant obsol\u00e8te, \u00e9labor\u00e9e dans les ann\u00e9es<br \/>\n1940 pour les appareils de plomberie qui<br \/>\nconsommaient l\u2019eau en beaucoup plus grands<br \/>\nvolumes. Les intervenants du g\u00e9nie en plomberie<br \/>\ndoivent remettre en question une m\u00e9thode de<br \/>\ncalcul utilis\u00e9e qui ne refl\u00e8te pas la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 actuelle<br \/>\ndes conceptions de plomberie \u00e0 d\u00e9bit r\u00e9duit.<\/p>\n<p>Les propri\u00e9taires et gestionnaires de<br \/>\nb\u00e2timents devraient travailler avec les<br \/>\ning\u00e9nieurs en conception pour calibrer<br \/>\ncorrectement l\u2019infrastructure des conduites<br \/>\nde leurs installations en employant des outils<br \/>\ncomme le Water Demand Calculator. Bien que<br \/>\ncet outil soit seulement reconnu pour certains<br \/>\ntypes de b\u00e2timents dans le Uniform Plumbing<br \/>\nCode (UPC), c\u2019est un point de d\u00e9part pour<br \/>\ngarder l\u2019eau en circulation dans les b\u00e2timents et<br \/>\nreconna\u00eetre que les appareils coulent en moins<br \/>\ngrands d\u00e9bits qu\u2019en 1940. Alors seulement une<br \/>\nutilisation globale d\u2019appareils \u00e9conomisant<br \/>\nl\u2019eau peut-elle \u00eatre recommand\u00e9e. M\u00eame si ces<br \/>\nappareils sont importants, assurer la salubrit\u00e9<br \/>\ndes b\u00e2timents l\u2019est encore plus.<\/p>\n<p>Le recours \u00e0 des plans de gestion de<br \/>\nl\u2019eau peut r\u00e9duire les risques de sant\u00e9<br \/>\net de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et aider \u00e0 \u00e9viter les<br \/>\npossibles poursuites pour n\u00e9gligence.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 35Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Limiter les agents<br \/>\npathog\u00e8nes d\u2019origine<br \/>\naquatique<\/p>\n<p>La Legionella est une cat\u00e9gorie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<br \/>\nde bact\u00e9ries trop pr\u00e9sentes dans les<br \/>\napprovisionnements en eau. Il existe plus de<br \/>\n60 esp\u00e8ces diff\u00e9rentes de bact\u00e9ries, dont 25 sont<br \/>\nconnues pour \u00eatre impliqu\u00e9es dans les maladies<br \/>\nhumaines. Une reine de ces esp\u00e8ces, la Legionella<br \/>\npneumophila, est responsable d\u2019environ 90 % de<br \/>\ntoutes les infections. Environ une personne sur dix<br \/>\ndiagnostiqu\u00e9e avec la maladie du l\u00e9gionnaire mourra<br \/>\nsuite aux complications de sa maladie. Pour celles<br \/>\nqui contractent la maladie du l\u00e9gionnaire durant<br \/>\nun s\u00e9jour en \u00e9tablissement de sant\u00e9, le taux de<br \/>\nmortalit\u00e9 grimpe \u00e0 environ une personne sur quatre.<\/p>\n<p>Les ing\u00e9nieurs professionnels en plomberie<br \/>\nont de bonnes raisons de craindre la Legionella,<br \/>\ncar la plomberie des r\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation<br \/>\nen eau domestique est la principale source de<br \/>\nbact\u00e9ries. Si la Legionella se d\u00e9veloppe dans<br \/>\nune installation de plomberie, les bact\u00e9ries<br \/>\npeuvent se propager aux humains par des petites<br \/>\ngouttelettes et\/ou des vapeurs inhal\u00e9es dans<br \/>\nles poumons. Les sources courantes o\u00f9 ces<br \/>\ngouttelettes sont \u00ab fabriqu\u00e9es \u00bb comprennent :<br \/>\n\u2022 Pommes de douche et robinets d\u2019\u00e9vier<br \/>\n\u2022 Tours de refroidissement<br \/>\n\u2022 Jacuzzis<br \/>\n\u2022 Fontaines d\u00e9coratives et pi\u00e8ces d\u2019eau<br \/>\n\u2022 R\u00e9servoirs et radiateurs \u00e0 eau chaude<br \/>\n\u2022 Installations de plomberie importantes  <\/p>\n<p>et complexes<\/p>\n<p>Alors, comment se d\u00e9veloppent et se propagent<br \/>\nles bact\u00e9ries ? La temp\u00e9rature de l\u2019eau, les<br \/>\nr\u00e9sidus de d\u00e9sinfectant, la stagnation, la qualit\u00e9<br \/>\net les mat\u00e9riaux des conduites ainsi que d\u2019autres<br \/>\nfacteurs peuvent tous contribuer \u00e0 la croissance<br \/>\nde la Legionella pneumophila dans un r\u00e9seau<br \/>\nd\u2019alimentation en eau domestique. Plus un<br \/>\nb\u00e2timent est imposant et complexe, plus il est<br \/>\ndifficile de maintenir la salubrit\u00e9 et l\u2019\u00e9quilibre<br \/>\nde son syst\u00e8me. Des facteurs qui compliquent<br \/>\nles choses, soit l\u2019\u00e2ge, l\u2019emplacement, le milieu<br \/>\nenvironnant et la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019eau entrante,<br \/>\npeuvent avoir une grande incidence sur le<br \/>\nd\u00e9veloppement des bact\u00e9ries de Legionella.<\/p>\n<p>Les bact\u00e9ries de Legionella ont une fourchette<br \/>\nde temp\u00e9ratures id\u00e9ales pour se multiplier, qui se<br \/>\ntrouve justement l\u00e0 o\u00f9 la majorit\u00e9 des occupants<br \/>\naiment se laver, prendre un bain, prendre une<br \/>\ndouche ou relaxer dans un jacuzzi. Et si les<br \/>\noccupants d\u2019un b\u00e2timent sont dans une cat\u00e9gorie<br \/>\nde risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e, on devra peut-\u00eatre envisager<br \/>\nd\u2019autres options, comme une d\u00e9sinfection<br \/>\nsuppl\u00e9mentaire, pour assurer leur s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>La American Society of Heating, Refrigerating<br \/>\nand Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) offre<br \/>\nun guide sur la Legionella, Legionellosis: Risk<br \/>\nManagement for Building Water Systems, qu\u2019elle<br \/>\nd\u00e9crit comme \u00ab essentiel pour quiconque s\u2019occupe<br \/>\nde concevoir, construire, installer, mettre en<br \/>\nservice, exploiter, entretenir et r\u00e9parer les r\u00e9seaux<br \/>\ncentralis\u00e9s et composants d\u2019alimentation en eau des<br \/>\nb\u00e2timents \u00bb. De m\u00eame, le U.S. Center for Disease<br \/>\nControl and Prevention (CDC) offre son guide, Toolkit:<br \/>\nDeveloping a Water Management Program to Reduce<br \/>\nLegionella Growth and Spread in Buildings.<\/p>\n<p>La temp\u00e9rature de<br \/>\nl\u2019eau doit \u00eatre<br \/>\ncontr\u00f4l\u00e9e pour r\u00e9duire<br \/>\nles risques juridiques<\/p>\n<p>Traiter l\u2019eau avec des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es<br \/>\nsemble \u00eatre une bonne r\u00e9ponse pour contr\u00f4ler<br \/>\nla croissance d\u2019agents pathog\u00e8ne comme la<br \/>\nLegionella, mais cette m\u00e9thode pourrait causer<br \/>\nd\u2019autres probl\u00e8mes. Dans l\u2019industrie de l\u2019accueil,<br \/>\nles deux plus grandes plaintes sont le manque<br \/>\nd\u2019eau chaude et l\u2019eau trop chaude ou br\u00fblante.<br \/>\nIncapables de confirmer la temp\u00e9rature de<br \/>\nl\u2019eau dans la tuyauterie d\u2019alimentation jusqu\u2019\u00e0 <\/p>\n<p>Les propri\u00e9taires et gestionnaires de<br \/>\nb\u00e2timents devraient travailler avec les<br \/>\ning\u00e9nieurs en conception pour calibrer<br \/>\ncorrectement l\u2019infrastructure des<br \/>\nconduites de leurs installations.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 36 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>la chambre d\u2019h\u00f4te au moment o\u00f9 la plainte est<br \/>\nlog\u00e9e, les \u00e9tablissements d\u2019accueil sont forc\u00e9s<br \/>\nd\u2019accepter ce qu\u2019affirment les clients, m\u00eame<br \/>\nlorsque leur plainte donne lieu \u00e0 une poursuite.<\/p>\n<p>Si les syst\u00e8mes de gestion des b\u00e2timents<br \/>\ncommen\u00e7aient \u00e0 incorporer un meilleur contr\u00f4le<br \/>\nde l\u2019eau, il serait possible de conna\u00eetre la<br \/>\ntemp\u00e9rature exacte de l\u2019eau dans chaque conduite,<br \/>\n\u00e0 tout moment. Non seulement ces donn\u00e9es<br \/>\npermettraient aux responsables des b\u00e2timents de<br \/>\nconfirmer ou de rejeter les plaintes sur l\u2019eau, mais<br \/>\nelles donneraient en bout de ligne aux installations<br \/>\nles outils n\u00e9cessaires pour am\u00e9liorer le rendement<br \/>\ndes syst\u00e8mes et la sant\u00e9 des occupants.<\/p>\n<p>Gr\u00e2ce au portrait fid\u00e8le des temp\u00e9ratures<br \/>\nde l\u2019eau prises par des capteurs plac\u00e9s<br \/>\nstrat\u00e9giquement \u00e0 travers les tuyaux d\u2019un<br \/>\nb\u00e2timent, ces niveaux peuvent \u00eatre correctement<br \/>\najust\u00e9s pour am\u00e9liorer le rendement du<br \/>\nsyst\u00e8me, r\u00e9duire encore plus la croissance<br \/>\ndes agents pathog\u00e8nes dans l\u2019eau et am\u00e9liorer<br \/>\nla qualit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l\u2019eau. Disposant de ces<br \/>\nrenseignements cl\u00e9s sur les b\u00e2timents, les<br \/>\ning\u00e9nieurs et les gestionnaires seraient bien<br \/>\nmieux \u00e9quip\u00e9s pour jouer un r\u00f4le proactif dans<br \/>\nla gestion de l\u2019eau et pour livrer une eau plus<br \/>\ns\u00fbre et plus hygi\u00e9nique, \u00e0 la bonne temp\u00e9rature.<br \/>\nLe d\u00e9faut de contr\u00f4ler la temp\u00e9rature des r\u00e9seaux<br \/>\nd\u2019alimentation en eau domestique en dehors du<br \/>\nlocal des installations m\u00e9caniques peut accro\u00eetre<br \/>\nl\u2019exposition d\u2019un b\u00e2timent aux risques, aux litiges<br \/>\net nuire aux enjeux en pr\u00e9sence.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation en eau<br \/>\nintelligents : judicieux pour<br \/>\nles gens et pour les entreprises<br \/>\nEn plus de rendre les b\u00e2timents plus s\u00fbrs, plus<br \/>\nsalubres et plus \u00e9cologiquement responsables,<br \/>\ninstaller un r\u00e9seau d\u2019alimentation en eau<br \/>\nintelligent peut avoir d\u2019autres impacts positifs<br \/>\nsur le bilan d\u2019une compagnie. Planifier l\u2019adoption<br \/>\nde r\u00e9seaux intelligents peut r\u00e9v\u00e9ler des<br \/>\nprobl\u00e8mes, comme des fuites non d\u00e9tect\u00e9es<br \/>\nauparavant ou des \u00e9quipements d\u00e9faillants, que<br \/>\nl\u2019on n\u2019aurait peut-\u00eatre pas constat\u00e9s autrement.<br \/>\nUn comptage plus exhaustif peut \u00e9galement<br \/>\nd\u00e9gager des secteurs \u00e0 cibler pour y r\u00e9duire<br \/>\nl\u2019utilisation de l\u2019eau.<\/p>\n<p>En adoptant et communiquant des mesures<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9conomie et d\u2019efficience de l\u2019eau, les<br \/>\npropri\u00e9taires de b\u00e2timents, les gestionnaires<br \/>\net les compagnies peuvent aussi se positionner<br \/>\nen tant que leaders contribuant \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la<br \/>\ndurabilit\u00e9. Implanter des pratiques exemplaires<br \/>\nen mati\u00e8re de gestion pour favoriser l\u2019efficience<br \/>\nde l\u2019eau peut m\u00e9riter la reconnaissance pour<br \/>\nles propri\u00e9taires et gestionnaires d\u2019installations<br \/>\ndans le march\u00e9 des produits \u00e9cologiques.<\/p>\n<p>Pour qu\u2019un programme de gestion de l\u2019eau<br \/>\nr\u00e9ussisse, il devrait exister un plan strat\u00e9gique<br \/>\ncomplet et une vision en place. En comprenant<br \/>\nles usages et les r\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation en eau<br \/>\nactuels, on peut d\u00e9velopper un plan pour une<br \/>\n\u00e9conomie d\u2019eau, une efficacit\u00e9, une gestion, une<br \/>\nsant\u00e9 et une s\u00e9curit\u00e9 am\u00e9lior\u00e9es. Des objectifs<br \/>\nclairs aident aussi une organisation \u00e0 fixer des<br \/>\npriorit\u00e9s pour allouer des fonds aux projets qui<br \/>\nont le plus grand impact.<\/p>\n<p>En dernier lieu, il appartient aux ing\u00e9nieurs<br \/>\nprofessionnels en plomberie de r\u00e9pondre<br \/>\n\u00e0 l\u2019appel pour \u00eatre \u00e9galement chimistes<br \/>\net microbiologistes alors qu\u2019ils assument<br \/>\nleurs responsabilit\u00e9s dans le domaine de la<br \/>\nconception. Il est imp\u00e9ratif que les ing\u00e9nieurs<br \/>\nen plomberie se tiennent autant que possible<br \/>\ninform\u00e9s sur les tendances, les risques et les<br \/>\noptions disponibles pour fournir des r\u00e9seaux<br \/>\nd\u2019alimentation en eau intelligents qui soient \u00e0<br \/>\nfaibles risques, salubres et s\u00e9curitaires. Et alors<br \/>\nqu\u2019on ne peut jamais garantir l\u2019\u00e9limination<br \/>\ncompl\u00e8te des agents pathog\u00e8nes d\u2019origine<br \/>\naquatique, r\u00e9duire substantiellement ce risque<br \/>\ndevrait \u00eatre l\u2019objectif. <\/p>\n<p>Le d\u00e9faut de contr\u00f4ler la temp\u00e9rature des<br \/>\nr\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation en eau domestique<br \/>\nen dehors du local des installations<br \/>\nm\u00e9caniques peut accro\u00eetre l\u2019exposition<br \/>\nd\u2019un b\u00e2timent aux risques, aux litiges et<br \/>\nnuire aux enjeux en pr\u00e9sence.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 37Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Arbitrating<br \/>\n\u2018fair market rental\u2019 in<br \/>\ncommercial rent reviews<\/p>\n<p>BY JOHN SHEVCHUK<\/p>\n<p>Litigation Counsel, C.Arb, AACI (Hon)<\/p>\n<p>I was recently asked if the Pacific West Systems Supply Ltd. v. B.C. Rail Partnership1 decisions from the British Columbia courts [Pacific West] are still good law for the proposition that use restrictions imposed by the terms of a ground lease are<br \/>\nto be considered in a rent review. The answer is yes \u2013 maybe.<\/p>\n<p>In this article, I will remind readers of general legal principles<br \/>\nin the interpretation of leases, canvas the facts and the law relied<br \/>\nupon by the courts in Pacific West, and comment on when it<br \/>\nmight be safe to conclude that a rent review involving the phrase<br \/>\n\u2018fair market rental\u2019 will permit consideration of the lease<br \/>\nincluding any terms restricting use.<\/p>\n<p>Definition of \u2018market rent\u2019<\/p>\n<p>In White v. R.2, the Tax Court of Canada referred to an appraisal<br \/>\ndefinition of \u2018market rent,\u2019 which is set out in part below:<\/p>\n<p>7      Mr. Chappell relied on the Fourth Edition of Real<br \/>\nEstate Appraisal (The Appraisal Institute, Chicago,<br \/>\n2002), which defined \u201cmarket rent\u201d as follows: <\/p>\n<p>The most probable rent that a property should bring<br \/>\nin a competitive and open market reflecting all<br \/>\nconditions and restrictions of the specified lease<br \/>\nagreement including term, rental adjustment and<br \/>\nrevaluation, permitted uses, use restrictions, and<br \/>\nexpense obligations \u2026 <\/p>\n<p>[Emphasis added.]<\/p>\n<p>The definition in the sixth edition of the dictionary maintains the<br \/>\nconcept of considering permitted uses and use restrictions within<br \/>\na particular lease contract.3 However, in legal proceedings such<br \/>\nas court cases or arbitrations, the appraisal understanding of <\/p>\n<p>\u2018market rent\u2019 may or may not carry the day depending upon the<br \/>\ncourt or arbitral tribunal determination of the intention of the<br \/>\nlessor and lessee. <\/p>\n<p>Lease interpretation: general principles<\/p>\n<p>Interpreting any contract, including a commercial lease, is about<br \/>\nobjectively finding the intention of the parties from the plain and<br \/>\nordinary meaning of the words in the contract in the context of<br \/>\nthe contract as a whole and the surrounding circumstances that<br \/>\nexisted at the time the contract was entered. The surrounding<br \/>\ncircumstances are reviewed to elucidate the parties\u2019 intention, not<br \/>\nto subvert their intention.4<\/p>\n<p>In the case of rent review clauses, the court will consider<br \/>\nthe usual commercial purpose behind rent review clauses.<br \/>\nOne expression of the commercial purpose is that unless there is<br \/>\na contrary intention expressed in the lease, the default purpose<br \/>\nof a rent review is \u201c\u2026 to enable the landlord to obtain from time to<br \/>\ntime the market rental which the premises would command if<br \/>\nlet on the same terms on the open market at the review dates.<br \/>\nThe purpose is to reflect the changes in the value of money and<br \/>\nreal increases in the value of the property during a long term.\u201d5<\/p>\n<p>But as Mr. Justice Lowry wrote in the British Columbia Court<br \/>\nof Appeal decision in Pacific West, the question is how much<br \/>\nprotection is to be afforded the landlord? For example, is it<br \/>\nintended that having initially agreed on a rate that was based on a<br \/>\nrestricted use, that basis would evaporate on a rent review even<br \/>\nthough the use restriction remains a term of the lease?<\/p>\n<p>Pacific West<\/p>\n<p>Pacific West concerned a long-term commercial ground lease<br \/>\nthat called for periodic reset of rent. The lease restricted use<br \/>\nof the lands to the \u201cconstruction and operation of a building  <\/p>\n<p>LEGAL MATTERS<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 38 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LEGAL MATTERS<\/p>\n<p>supply business.\u201d The rent to be decided was \u2018fair market<br \/>\nrental;\u2019 the restricted use under the lease was not referenced<br \/>\nin the rent review clause. The arbitrator concluded that the use<br \/>\nrestriction was not relevant in determining fair market rental.<br \/>\nThe tenant successfully appealed to the British Columbia<br \/>\nSupreme Court. The landlord\u2019s appeal from the Supreme<br \/>\nCourt decision was dismissed by the British Columbia Court of<br \/>\nAppeal. Both courts held that the restricted use provision of the<br \/>\nlease should be taken into account in the rent review. <\/p>\n<p>The British Columbia Supreme Court relied upon the<br \/>\nOntario Court of Appeal decision in Canadian National Railway<br \/>\nCompany v. Inglis Ltd.6 [Inglis]. In Inglis, the lease restricted<br \/>\nuse of the land to manufacturing purposes in connection with<br \/>\nthe tenant Inglis\u2019 business. In addition, the lessor Canadian<br \/>\nNational Railway was entitled every five years to set rent at an<br \/>\namount it thought was fair and equitable. The Ontario Court of<br \/>\nAppeal held that the lease had to be interpreted as requiring<br \/>\nthe lessor to objectively decide what was fair and equitable in<br \/>\nlight of all the circumstances. This had implications for the<br \/>\nrestricted use clause.<\/p>\n<p>Robin J.A., writing for the Ontario Court of Appeal, stated in part,<br \/>\n\u201cIn my view, as a general proposition, valuations of land for the purpose<br \/>\nof determining rent should take into account restrictions imposed<br \/>\nby the lessor on the use of the land unless the lease contains some<br \/>\nprovision clearly manifesting an intention that the restrictions are not to<br \/>\nbe considered in fixing value.\u201d He relied on the English Court of Appeal<br \/>\ndecision in Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council v. Host Group Ltd.7<br \/>\n[Basingstoke] (bare land restricted to public house use).8<\/p>\n<p>The Pacific West Court of Appeal decision affirmed the<br \/>\nSupreme Court decision, relying upon Basingstoke, making no<br \/>\nmention of Inglis. Lowry J.A., writing for the court, stated in<br \/>\npart, \u201cIn the absence of express provision to the contrary, I see<br \/>\nno sound basis on which it can be said that the parties to this<br \/>\nlease can have intended that the tenant be put in the position of<br \/>\npaying rent based on the unrestricted use of the lands when it is<br \/>\nprecluded from enjoying what may be the highest and best use.\u201d9<\/p>\n<p>The Pacific West Court of Appeal decision illustrates the need<br \/>\nfor careful consideration of the precise wording to be used in a<br \/>\nlease generally and in the rent review clause specifically. As noted<br \/>\nabove, the valuation objective in Pacific West was to determine <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 39Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LEGAL MATTERS<\/p>\n<p>\u2018fair market rental.\u2019 The court distinguished this objective from<br \/>\ndetermining \u2018fair market value,\u2019 which was the objective, for<br \/>\nexample, in No. 100 Sail View Ventures Ltd. v. Janwest Equities<br \/>\nLtd. [Janwest],10 an earlier decision of the British Columbia<br \/>\nCourt of Appeal, in which the lease restricted use of the land<br \/>\nto operating a hotel. In Janwest, the majority of the court held<br \/>\nthat fair market value of the bare land was to be determined<br \/>\nwithout reference to the lease at all. (Janwest is consistent with<br \/>\nthe prevailing judgement of Gonthier J. in the Supreme Court<br \/>\nof Canada decision in Musqueam Indian Band v. Glass.11) In the<br \/>\nopinion of the Court of Appeal in Pacific West, by altering the<br \/>\nvaluation objective to a determination of fair market rental, the<br \/>\nrestricted use provision becomes central. <\/p>\n<p>This Pacific West distinction between \u2018fair market rent\u2019 and<br \/>\n\u2018fair market value\u2019 had judicial precedent. In Bondi v. Toronto<br \/>\n(City), 1967 CarswellOnt 180 (Ont. C.A.), the Ontario Court of<br \/>\nAppeal considered the rent to be paid on the renewal of a lease.<br \/>\nThe court held that the arbitrator had properly instructed<br \/>\nhimself that he was required to fix the rental value between<br \/>\nthe lessor and the lessee and not the sale value as between<br \/>\nthe vendor and purchaser. In so holding, the court referred to<br \/>\nThompson and City of Toronto (Re), [1928] O.J. No. 196 (QL)<br \/>\n(Ont. S.C. \u2013 Appellate Div.).12<\/p>\n<p>Judicial consideration of the phrase \u2018fair market rental\u2019<\/p>\n<p>A question arising from the Pacific West decisions is whether<br \/>\nthe use of \u2018fair market rental\u2019 in a rent review clause will always<br \/>\nresult in use restrictions being considered in determining rent.<br \/>\nAs noted in the first paragraph above, the answer is maybe.<br \/>\nFirst, Pacific West is binding authority in British Columbia but<br \/>\nnowhere else in Canada. Other courts (and arbitrators) might<br \/>\nbe persuaded by the Court of Appeal\u2019s reasoning, but they are<br \/>\nnot required to follow the decision. [At time of writing, there<br \/>\nare three reported Canadian decisions considering the Court<br \/>\nof Appeal decision in Pacific West, none of which deal with the<br \/>\nissue of the effect of restricted uses in determining fair market<br \/>\nrental.] Second, even if the phrase \u2018fair market rental\u2019 is used<br \/>\nin a lease, it will still be a matter of interpretation taking into<br \/>\naccount the entire lease whether the lessor and lessee intend<br \/>\nuse restrictions to be considered in resetting rent.<br \/>\nA search of Canadian legal databases turns up cases subsequent<br \/>\nto Pacific West that address the meaning of \u2018fair market rent\u2019<br \/>\nand \u2018fair market rental,\u2019 but they are not generally in the context<br \/>\nof rent reviews and are more likely to be in cases dealing with<br \/>\nreal property assessment and expropriation. The cases that<br \/>\ndeal with rent reviews focus on issues other than the effect of<br \/>\nrestricted use provisions when determining rent.<\/p>\n<p>Default position to consider use restrictions <\/p>\n<p>It can be argued that the essence of Pacific West is not the<br \/>\nmeaning the Court of Appeal attributed to \u2018fair market rental,\u2019<br \/>\nbut rather the adoption by both the British Columbia Supreme<br \/>\nCourt and the Court of Appeal of the concept that absent words to<br \/>\nthe contrary, it will be taken as the default position that, in a rent<br \/>\nreview, the restrictions on use will be considered. This default<br \/>\nposition expressed in Basingstoke has found favour in some<br \/>\nCanadian court decisions, but there is not a groundswell of cases<br \/>\non the topic from which to draw definitive conclusions.13<\/p>\n<p>There are cases outside Canada endorsing Basingstoke<br \/>\nand at least one citing Pacific West. The Western Australian<br \/>\nCourt of Appeal cited both cases when it held in City of Subiaco<br \/>\nv. Homebase Management Pty Ltd14 that \u2018fair market rent in a<br \/>\nground lease evinced an intention that the reset rent be based<br \/>\non the restricted actual use and not highest and best use. <\/p>\n<p>Closing<\/p>\n<p>The conclusions that can be drawn from the foregoing are:<br \/>\n\u2022 Be mindful of the commercial purpose for a rent  <\/p>\n<p>review clause.<br \/>\n\u2022 There may be a default toward considering use restrictions in <\/p>\n<p>a rent review absent express wording to the contrary.<br \/>\n\u2022 But, if there is such a default, a lease may contain language <\/p>\n<p>that replaces the default.<br \/>\n\u2022 A valuation objective of \u2018fair market rental\u2019 might be taken as <\/p>\n<p>an indication that terms of a lease, including use restrictions<br \/>\nare to be considered in a rent review.<\/p>\n<p>For drafters and negotiators of leases, the best advice is to be<br \/>\nprecise; if use restrictions are to be considered in a rent review,<br \/>\nexpressly state this in the lease document.<\/p>\n<p>This article has been restricted to a consideration of use<br \/>\nrestrictions that are terms of ground leases and the impact<br \/>\nthey might have in rent reviews. The article has not considered<br \/>\ncases where use restrictions are imposed by legislation.<br \/>\nFurther, there are a plethora of potential considerations that<br \/>\nmight, or might not, be relevant in a rent review depending<br \/>\non what is determined to be the intention of the parties when<br \/>\nentering a lease. <\/p>\n<p>In preparing this article, I came upon quite an array of<br \/>\narticles discussing various aspects of ground lease rent<br \/>\nreviews. Three in particular were helpful: Arbitrating the Value<br \/>\nof Property: Approaches and Challenges15 by Wendy J. Earle;<br \/>\nArbitrating \u2018Rent\u2019 \u2013 A Case Study of the Arbitration Process<br \/>\nand Contract Interpretation\u201d16 by Cynthia Kuehl and Rivka<br \/>\nBirkan-Bradley; and Ground Leases: Rent Reset Valuation<br \/>\nIssues17 by Tony Sevelka.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 40 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LEGAL MATTERS<\/p>\n<p>End notes<br \/>\n1 2003 BCSC 391 affirmed 2004 BCCA 247<br \/>\n2 2010 TCC 530, para. 7<br \/>\n3 The Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, 6th ed. (Appraisal <\/p>\n<p>Institute, 200 W. Madison, Suite 1500, Chicago, IL, 2015)<br \/>\n4 Creston Moly Corp. v. Sattva Capital Corp., 2014 SCC 53 at <\/p>\n<p>paras. 47, 57, 58; Park Royal Shopping Center Holdings Ltd. v.<br \/>\nGap (Canada) Inc., 2017 BCSC 1257, paras. 51, 52<\/p>\n<p>5 Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council v. Host Group<br \/>\nLtd., [1988] 1 WLR 348 (Eng. C.A.) quoting from British Gas<br \/>\nCorporation v. Universities Superannuation Scheme Ltd.<br \/>\n[1986] 1 W.L.R. 398, 401; adopted in Pacific West and other<br \/>\nCanadian cases.<\/p>\n<p>6 (1997), 153 D.L.R. (4th) 291 (Ont. C.A.)<br \/>\n7 [1988] 1 All E.R. 824 (Eng. C.A.)<br \/>\n8 (1997), 153 D.L.R. (4th) 291 (Ont. C.A.), para. 18<br \/>\n9 2004 BCCA, para. 13<br \/>\n10 (1993), 84 B.C.L.R. (2d) 273 (B.C.C.A.), leave to appeal to the <\/p>\n<p>Supreme Court of Canada denied (1994), 39 R.P.R. (2d) 60n<\/p>\n<p>11 2000 SCC 52<br \/>\n12 1967 CarswellOnt 180, para. 8<br \/>\n13 For examples see Inglis, Ladoski v. British Columbia Assets &#038; <\/p>\n<p>Land Corp., 2002 BCSC 114, paras. 8-11; Revenue Properties<br \/>\nCo. v. Victoria University, 1993 CarswellOnt 722 (Ont. C.J.<br \/>\n(General Division), para. 51<\/p>\n<p>14 [2015] WASCA 54, para. 61<br \/>\n15 Annual Review of Civil Litigation 2004, Thomas Reuters <\/p>\n<p>Canada Limited<br \/>\n16 Annual Review of Civil Litigation 2015, Thomas Reuters <\/p>\n<p>Canada Limited<br \/>\n17 The Appraisal Journal, Fall 2011, pages 314-326<\/p>\n<p>This article is provided for the purposes of generating discussion<br \/>\nand to make practitioners aware of certain challenges presented<br \/>\nin the law. It is not to be taken as legal advice. Any questions<br \/>\nrelating to the matters discussed herein should be put to<br \/>\nqualified legal and appraisal practitioners. <\/p>\n<p>The approach of Verity Claims Management<br \/>\nto every claim will be to provide \u201cFundamental<br \/>\nTrue Value.\u201d Our claims handling services are <\/p>\n<p>grounded in the following principles:<br \/>\n\u2022 Client-focused service<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Collaboration with other service providers<br \/>\n\u2022 Careful and thorough analysis and investigation<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Prompt and clear reporting to clients<\/p>\n<p>1860 Appleby Line-Suite 420,  Burlington, ON  L7L 7H7<br \/>\nKatjaK@verityclaims.ca | 647-884-5065<\/p>\n<p>9776478 Canada Inc.<\/p>\n<p>A properly handled claim can make<br \/>\na large difference in the outcome of the claim<\/p>\n<p>Realize<br \/>\nyour<br \/>\npotential<\/p>\n<p>350+<br \/>\nappraisers | economists | market researchers  <\/p>\n<p>advisors | planners<\/p>\n<p>View exciting<br \/>\nopportunities in our<br \/>\nResearch, Valuation,<br \/>\nAdvisory, and Data<br \/>\nSolutions teams<\/p>\n<p>Learn more at altusgroup.com\/careers and follow us on <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 41Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>mailto:KatjaK@verityclaims.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/altusgroup.com\/careers<\/p>\n<p>PAR JOHN SHEVCHUK<\/p>\n<p>avocat plaidant, C.Arb, AACI (Hon)<\/p>\n<p>Arbitrage du<br \/>\n\u00ab juste loyer marchand \u00bb<br \/>\ndans les examens de<br \/>\nlocation commerciale<\/p>\n<p>QUESTIONS JURIDIQUES<\/p>\n<p>On m\u2019a demand\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment si les d\u00e9cisions rendues dans le cas Pacific West Systems  Supply Ltd. v. B.C. Rail Partnership1 par les tribunaux de la Colombie-Britannique [Pacific<br \/>\nWest] sont toujours bien fond\u00e9es pour envisager la proposition<br \/>\nd\u2019utiliser les restrictions impos\u00e9es par les conditions d\u2019un bail<br \/>\nfoncier dans un examen du loyer. La r\u00e9ponse est oui\u2026 peut-\u00eatre.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le pr\u00e9sent article, je rappellerai aux lecteurs les<br \/>\nprincipes g\u00e9n\u00e9raux de droit qui encadrent l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation des<br \/>\nbaux, j\u2019examinerai les faits et le droit invoqu\u00e9 par les tribunaux<br \/>\ndans Pacific West et, enfin, je commenterai des situations o\u00f9<br \/>\nil pourrait \u00eatre prudent de conclure qu\u2019un examen du loyer<br \/>\ncontenant le terme \u00ab juste loyer marchand \u00bb permet d\u2019envisager<br \/>\nun bail qui inclut des conditions restreignant l\u2019utilisation.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9finition du \u00ab loyer marchand \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Dans White v. R.2, la Cour canadienne de l\u2019imp\u00f4t citait une<br \/>\nd\u00e9finition du terme \u00ab loyer marchand \u00bb dans le domaine de<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9valuation, qui est d\u00e9crit en partie ci-dessous :<\/p>\n<p>7      M. Chappell s\u2019est r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 la quatri\u00e8me \u00e9dition de<br \/>\nReal Estate Appraisal (The Appraisal Institute, Chicago,<br \/>\n2002), qui d\u00e9finissait de \u00ab loyer marchand \u00bb comme suit :<\/p>\n<p>Le loyer le plus probable qu\u2019une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 devrait<br \/>\nrapporter dans un march\u00e9 ouvert concurrentiel,<br \/>\nrefl\u00e9tant toutes les conditions et les restrictions du<br \/>\ncontrat de location indiqu\u00e9 et incluant le terme, le<br \/>\nrajustement et la r\u00e9\u00e9valuation du loyer, les utilisations<br \/>\npermises, les restrictions d\u2019utilisation et les obligations<br \/>\nde d\u00e9penses\u2026<\/p>\n<p>[Nous soulignons.]<\/p>\n<p>La d\u00e9finition dans la sixi\u00e8me \u00e9dition du dictionnaire<br \/>\nmaintient la notion d\u2019envisager le recours \u00e0 des utilisations<br \/>\npermises et des restrictions d\u2019utilisation dans un contrat de<br \/>\nlocation donn\u00e9.3 Toutefois, dans une action en justice comme<br \/>\nune affaire judiciaire ou un arbitrage, la compr\u00e9hension du<br \/>\nterme \u00ab loyer marchand \u00bb dans la sph\u00e8re de l\u2019\u00e9valuation peut ou<br \/>\nnon l\u2019emporter, selon la d\u00e9termination de la cour ou du tribunal<br \/>\nd\u2019arbitrage concernant l\u2019intention du locateur et du locataire.<\/p>\n<p>Interpr\u00e9tation d\u2019un bail : principes g\u00e9n\u00e9raux<\/p>\n<p>Interpr\u00e9ter tout contrat, incluant un bail commercial, implique<br \/>\nde d\u00e9gager objectivement l\u2019intention des parties selon la<br \/>\nsignification simple et ordinaire des mots apparaissant au<br \/>\ncontrat, dans son contexte g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et dans les circonstances<br \/>\nqui l\u2019entouraient au moment de sa conclusion. On examine les<br \/>\ncirconstances entourant le contrat pour \u00e9lucider l\u2019intention des<br \/>\nparties, pas pour la subvertir.4<\/p>\n<p>En ce qui concerne les clauses d\u2019examen des loyers, le<br \/>\ntribunal analysera l\u2019objectif commercial habituel derri\u00e8re de<br \/>\ntels examens. Une expression de l\u2019objectif commercial est<br \/>\nqu\u2019\u00e0 moins d\u2019une intention contraire exprim\u00e9e dans le bail,<br \/>\nl\u2019objectif par d\u00e9faut d\u2019un examen du loyer est \u00ab \u2026de permettre<br \/>\nau locateur d\u2019obtenir de temps \u00e0 autre le loyer du march\u00e9<br \/>\nque les lieux commanderaient s\u2019ils \u00e9taient lou\u00e9s aux m\u00eames<br \/>\nconditions sur le march\u00e9 ouvert aux dates d\u2019examen. Le but est<br \/>\nde refl\u00e9ter les changements dans la valeur de l\u2019argent et les<br \/>\naugmentations r\u00e9elles de la valeur de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 pendant un<br \/>\nlong terme. \u00bb5<\/p>\n<p>Mais, comme le juge Lowry l\u2019\u00e9crivait dans sa d\u00e9cision \u00e0 la<br \/>\nCour d\u2019appel de la Colombie-Britannique dans Pacific West, la<br \/>\nquestion est de savoir dans quelle mesure le locateur peut jouir<br \/>\nd\u2019une protection. Par exemple, consid\u00e8re-t-on qu\u2019apr\u00e8s avoir <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 42 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>QUESTIONS JURIDIQUES<\/p>\n<p>initialement consenti \u00e0 un taux qui \u00e9tait bas\u00e9 sur une<br \/>\nutilisation restreinte, cette base s\u2019\u00e9vaporerait lors d\u2019un examen<br \/>\ndu loyer, m\u00eame si la restriction d\u2019utilisation demeurait une<br \/>\ncondition du bail ?<\/p>\n<p>Pacific West<\/p>\n<p>Pacific West visait un bail foncier commercial \u00e0 long terme<br \/>\nqui demandait un rajustement p\u00e9riodique du loyer. Le bail<br \/>\nrestreignait l\u2019utilisation des terres \u00e0 \u00ab la construction et<br \/>\nl\u2019exploitation d\u2019une compagnie de mat\u00e9riaux de construction \u00bb.<br \/>\nLe loyer \u00e0 fixer \u00e9tait le \u00ab juste loyer marchand \u00bb; l\u2019utilisation<br \/>\nrestreinte indiqu\u00e9e dans le bail n\u2019\u00e9tait pas invoqu\u00e9e dans la<br \/>\nclause d\u2019examen du loyer. L\u2019arbitre a conclu que la restriction<br \/>\nd\u2019utilisation n\u2019\u00e9tait pas pertinente pour d\u00e9terminer le juste<br \/>\nloyer marchand. Le locataire a remport\u00e9 son appel \u00e0 la Cour<br \/>\nsupr\u00eame de la Colombie-Britannique. L\u2019appel du locateur visant<br \/>\nla d\u00e9cision de la Cour supr\u00eame a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9 par la Cour d\u2019appel<br \/>\nde la Colombie-Britannique. Les deux cours tenaient que la<br \/>\ncause du bail sur l\u2019utilisation restreinte devait \u00eatre prise en<br \/>\nconsid\u00e9ration dans l\u2019examen du loyer.<\/p>\n<p>La Cour supr\u00eame de la Colombie-Britannique s\u2019est appuy\u00e9e<br \/>\nsur la d\u00e9cision de la Cour d\u2019appel de l\u2019Ontario dans Canadian<br \/>\nNational Railway Company v. Inglis Ltd.6 [Inglis]. Dans Inglis,<br \/>\nle bail restreignait l\u2019utilisation du terrain pour les fins de<br \/>\nfabrication en lien avec l\u2019entreprise locataire Inglis. De plus,<br \/>\nle locateur, Canadian National Railway [la Compagnie des<br \/>\nchemins de fer nationaux du Canada], avait le droit de fixer<br \/>\nle loyer tous les cinq ans \u00e0 un montant qu\u2019il croyait juste<br \/>\net \u00e9quitable. La Cour d\u2019appel de l\u2019Ontario tenait que le bail<br \/>\ndevait \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 comme exigeant que le locateur d\u00e9cide<br \/>\nobjectivement de ce qui \u00e9tait juste et \u00e9quitable, compte tenu de<br \/>\ntoutes les circonstances. Cela a eu des cons\u00e9quences sur la<br \/>\nclause d\u2019utilisation restreinte.<\/p>\n<p>Robin J.A., \u00e9crivant pour la Cour d\u2019appel de l\u2019Ontario,<br \/>\nd\u00e9clarait en partie : \u00ab \u00c0 mon avis, comme une proposition<br \/>\ng\u00e9n\u00e9rale, les \u00e9valuations de terrains servant \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer<br \/>\nle loyer devraient tenir compte des restrictions impos\u00e9es<br \/>\npar le locateur sur l\u2019utilisation du terrain, \u00e0 moins que le bail<br \/>\nne contienne des dispositions manifestant clairement une<br \/>\nintention que les restrictions ne soient pas consid\u00e9r\u00e9es dans <\/p>\n<p>CONTRAT DE<br \/>\nLOCATION<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 43Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>le calcul de la valeur. \u00bb Il s\u2019est appuy\u00e9 sur la d\u00e9cision de la Cour<br \/>\nd\u2019appel de l\u2019Angleterre dans Basingstoke and Deane Borough<br \/>\nCouncil v. Host Group Ltd.7 [Basingstoke] (terre nue limit\u00e9e \u00e0<br \/>\nl\u2019utilisation d\u2019une maison publique).8<\/p>\n<p>La d\u00e9cision de la Cour d\u2019appel dans Pacific West confirmait la<br \/>\nd\u00e9cision de la Cour supr\u00eame, invoquant Basingstoke, mais sans<br \/>\nmentionner Inglis. Lowry J.A., \u00e9crivant pour la cour, d\u00e9clarait en<br \/>\npartie : \u00ab En l\u2019absence d\u2019une disposition expresse du contraire,<br \/>\nje ne vois pas de base saine sur laquelle on peut affirmer que les<br \/>\nparties \u00e0 ce bail puissent avoir voulu que le locataire soit plac\u00e9<br \/>\ndans une position o\u00f9 il devait payer le loyer selon l\u2019utilisation non<br \/>\nrestreinte des terres, quand il lui est interdit de jouir de ce qui<br \/>\nest peut-\u00eatre l\u2019utilisation optimale. \u00bb9<\/p>\n<p>La d\u00e9cision de la Cour d\u2019appel dans Pacific West illustre la<br \/>\nn\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de choisir soigneusement le libell\u00e9 exact \u00e0 utiliser<br \/>\ndans un bail, de mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et plus particuli\u00e8rement<br \/>\ndans un examen du loyer. Tel qu\u2019indiqu\u00e9 ci-dessus, l\u2019objectif<br \/>\nde l\u2019\u00e9valuation dans Pacific West \u00e9tait de d\u00e9terminer le \u00ab juste<br \/>\nloyer marchand \u00bb. La cour a distingu\u00e9 cet objectif du calcul de<br \/>\nla \u00ab juste valeur marchande \u00bb, qui \u00e9tait l\u2019objectif, par exemple,<br \/>\ndans No. 100 Sail View Ventures Ltd. v. Janwest Equities Ltd.<br \/>\n[Janwest],10 une d\u00e9cision ant\u00e9rieure de la Cour d\u2019appel de la<br \/>\nColombie-Britannique o\u00f9 le bail restreignait l\u2019utilisation du<br \/>\nterrain \u00e0 l\u2019exploitation d\u2019un h\u00f4tel. Dans Janwest, la majorit\u00e9<br \/>\nde la cour tenait que la juste valeur marchande de la terre nue<br \/>\ndevrait \u00eatre d\u00e9termin\u00e9e sans aucune r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au bail. (Janwest<br \/>\nest fid\u00e8le au jugement applicable de Gonthier J. dans la d\u00e9cision<br \/>\nrendue par la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada dans Musqueam Indian<br \/>\nBand v. Glass11.) Dans Pacific West, la Cour d\u2019appel \u00e9tait d\u2019avis<br \/>\nqu\u2019en modifiant l\u2019objectif de l\u2019\u00e9valuation au calcul du juste loyer<br \/>\nmarchand, la disposition d\u2019utilisation restreinte devient centrale. <\/p>\n<p>Cette distinction de Pacific West entre le \u00ab loyer courant \u00bb<br \/>\net la \u00ab juste valeur marchande \u00bb avait un pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent juridique.<br \/>\nDans Bondi v. Toronto (City), 1967 CarswellOnt 180 (Ont. C.A.),<br \/>\nla Cour d\u2019appel de l\u2019Ontario a examin\u00e9 le loyer \u00e0 payer au<br \/>\nrenouvellement d\u2019un bail. La cours tenait que l\u2019arbitre avait bien<br \/>\ncompris qu\u2019il devait fixer la valeur locative entre le locateur et<br \/>\nle locataire, et non la valeur de vente comme si elle avait lieu<br \/>\nentre un vendeur et un acheteur. Tenant compte de cela, la cour<br \/>\na invoqu\u00e9 Thompson and City of Toronto (Re), [1928] O.J. No. 196<br \/>\n(QL) (Ont. S.C. \u2013 Appellate Div.).12 <\/p>\n<p>Appr\u00e9ciation des tribunaux du terme  <\/p>\n<p>\u00ab juste loyer marchand \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Une question soulev\u00e9e par les d\u00e9cisions dans Pacific West<br \/>\nest \u00e0 savoir si l\u2019utilisation du \u00ab juste loyer marchand \u00bb<br \/>\ndans une clause d\u2019examen du loyer entra\u00eenera toujours des<br \/>\nrestrictions d\u2019utilisation consid\u00e9r\u00e9es pour d\u00e9terminer le loyer.<br \/>\nTel qu\u2019indiqu\u00e9 dans le premier paragraphe de cet article, la<br \/>\nr\u00e9ponse est\u2026 peut-\u00eatre. En premier lieu, Pacific West est une<br \/>\nautorit\u00e9 obligatoire en Colombie-Britannique, mais nulle part<br \/>\nailleurs au Canada. D\u2019autres tribunaux (et arbitres) pourraient<br \/>\n\u00eatre persuad\u00e9s par le raisonnement de la Cour d\u2019appel, mais<br \/>\nils ne sont pas tenus de suivre la d\u00e9cision. [Au moment d\u2019\u00e9crire<br \/>\nces lignes, on rapporte trois d\u00e9cisions canadiennes prenant<br \/>\nen consid\u00e9ration la d\u00e9cision de la Cour d\u2019appel dans Pacific<br \/>\nWest, alors qu\u2019aucune d\u2019entre elles n\u2019aborde la question de<br \/>\nl\u2019effet des utilisations restreintes dans la d\u00e9termination du<br \/>\njuste loyer marchand.] En second lieu, m\u00eame si le terme \u00ab juste<br \/>\nloyer marchand \u00bb est employ\u00e9 dans un bail, c\u2019est toujours une<br \/>\nquestion d\u2019interpr\u00e9ter la prise en compte du bail entier \u00e0 savoir<br \/>\nsi le locateur et le locataire veulent que l\u2019on tienne compte des<br \/>\nrestrictions pour modifier le loyer.<\/p>\n<p>Une recherche dans les bases de donn\u00e9es juridiques<br \/>\ncanadiennes donne des cas subs\u00e9quents \u00e0 Pacific West qui<br \/>\nabordent la signification de \u00ab loyer courant \u00bb et \u00ab juste loyer<br \/>\nmarchand \u00bb, mais ils ne couvrent pas g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les<br \/>\nexamens de loyers et sont probablement plus des cas traitant<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation immobili\u00e8re et d\u2019expropriation. Les cas traitant<br \/>\nd\u2019examens de loyers portent sur des enjeux autres que<br \/>\nl\u2019effet des dispositions d\u2019utilisation restreinte pour<br \/>\nd\u00e9terminer un loyer.<\/p>\n<p>Position par d\u00e9faut pour envisager  <\/p>\n<p>des restrictions d\u2019utilisation<\/p>\n<p>On peut faire valoir que l\u2019essence de Pacific West n\u2019est pas la<br \/>\nsignification de la Cour d\u2019appel attribu\u00e9e au terme \u00ab juste loyer<br \/>\nmarchand \u00bb, mais plut\u00f4t l\u2019adoption tant par la Cour supr\u00eame<br \/>\nde la Colombie-Britannique que la Cour d\u2019appel de la notion<br \/>\nque sauf indication contraire, elle sera consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la<br \/>\nposition par d\u00e9faut \u00e0 l\u2019effet que, dans un examen du loyer, les<br \/>\nrestrictions sur l\u2019utilisation seront prises en consid\u00e9ration.<br \/>\nCette position par d\u00e9faut exprim\u00e9e dans Basingstoke a obtenu <\/p>\n<p>QUESTIONS JURIDIQUES<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 44 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>la faveur dans certaines d\u00e9cisions de tribunaux canadiens, mais<br \/>\nil n\u2019existe pas une pl\u00e9thore de cas sur le sujet qui permettent de<br \/>\ntirer des conclusions d\u00e9finitives \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard.13<\/p>\n<p>Il y a des cas \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur du Canada qui endossent<br \/>\nBasingstoke et au moins un citant Pacific West. La Western<br \/>\nAustralian Court of Appeal citait les deux cas lorsqu\u2019elle tenait<br \/>\ndans City of Subiaco v. Homebase Management Pty Ltd14 que le<br \/>\n\u00ab loyer courant \u00bb dans un bail foncier montrait une intention que<br \/>\nle loyer modifi\u00e9 soit bas\u00e9 sur l\u2019utilisation restreinte r\u00e9elle plut\u00f4t<br \/>\nque sur l\u2019utilisation optimale.<\/p>\n<p>Conclusion<\/p>\n<p>Pour tous ces motifs, nous pouvons tirer les conclusions suivantes :<br \/>\n\u2022 Garder \u00e0 l\u2019esprit l\u2019objectif commercial d\u2019une clause  <\/p>\n<p>d\u2019examen du loyer.<br \/>\n\u2022 Il y a peut-\u00eatre une clause par d\u00e9faut si l\u2019on envisage d\u2019utiliser <\/p>\n<p>des restrictions dans un examen du loyer, en l\u2019absence d\u2019une<br \/>\nindication expresse du contraire.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Mais, s\u2019il existe une telle clause par d\u00e9faut, un bail peut<br \/>\nemployer un langage qui la remplace.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Un objectif d\u2019\u00e9valuation du \u00ab juste loyer marchand \u00bb pourrait<br \/>\n\u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l\u2019indication que les conditions d\u2019un bail,<br \/>\ny compris les restrictions d\u2019utilisation, doivent \u00eatre prises en<br \/>\nconsid\u00e9ration dans un examen du loyer.<\/p>\n<p>Le meilleur conseil qu\u2019on puisse donner aux r\u00e9dacteurs et aux<br \/>\nn\u00e9gociateurs des baux est d\u2019\u00eatre pr\u00e9cis; si des restrictions<br \/>\nd\u2019utilisation doivent \u00eatre prises en consid\u00e9ration dans un examen<br \/>\ndu loyer, d\u00e9clarez-le express\u00e9ment dans le document du bail.<\/p>\n<p>Le pr\u00e9sent article s\u2019est limit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019examen des restrictions<br \/>\nd\u2019utilisation qui sont des conditions dans des baux fonciers<br \/>\net \u00e0 l\u2019impact qu\u2019elles pourraient avoir sur les examens de<br \/>\nloyers. Je n\u2019ai pas \u00e9tudi\u00e9 les cas o\u00f9 les restrictions d\u2019utilisation<br \/>\nsont impos\u00e9es par la loi. Qui plus est, il y a beaucoup de<br \/>\nconsid\u00e9rations potentielles qui pourraient ou non \u00eatre<br \/>\npertinentes dans un examen du loyer, selon ce qu\u2019on d\u00e9termine<br \/>\n\u00eatre l\u2019intention des parties lorsqu\u2019elles concluent un bail.<\/p>\n<p>En pr\u00e9parant cet article, j\u2019ai trouv\u00e9 une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\nd\u2019articles traitant les divers aspects des examens de loyers<br \/>\ndans des bails fonciers. Trois ont \u00e9t\u00e9 particuli\u00e8rement utiles :<br \/>\nArbitrating the Value of Property: Approaches and Challenges15<br \/>\npar Wendy J. Earle; Arbitrating \u2018Rent\u2019 \u2013 A Case Study of the <\/p>\n<p>Arbitration Process and Contract Interpretation\u201d16 par Cynthia<br \/>\nKuehl et Rivka Birkan-Bradley; et Ground Leases: Rent Reset<br \/>\nValuation Issues17 par Tony Sevelka.<\/p>\n<p>Notes en fin de texte<br \/>\n1 2003 BCSC 391 confirm\u00e9 2004 BCCA 247<br \/>\n2 2010 TCC 530, paragr. 7<br \/>\n3 The Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, 6e \u00e9d. (Appraisal <\/p>\n<p>Institute, 200 W. Madison, Suite 1500, Chicago, IL, 2015)<br \/>\n4 Creston Moly Corp. v. Sattva Capital Corp., 2014 TCC 53 aux <\/p>\n<p>paragr. 47, 57, 58; Park Royal Shopping Center Holdings Ltd.<br \/>\nv. Gap (Canada) Inc., 2017 BCSC 1257, paragr. 51, 52<\/p>\n<p>5 Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council v. Host Group Ltd.,<br \/>\n[1988] 1 WLR 348 (Eng. C.A.) citant British Gas Corporation v.<br \/>\nUniversities Superannuation Scheme Ltd. [1986] 1 W.L.R. 398,<br \/>\n401; adopt\u00e9 dans Pacific West et d\u2019autres cas canadiens.<\/p>\n<p>6 (1997), 153 D.L.R. (4th) 291 (Ont. C.A.)<br \/>\n7 [1988] 1 All E.R. 824 (Eng. C.A.)<br \/>\n8 (1997), 153 D.L.R. (4th) 291 (Ont. C.A.), paragr. 18<br \/>\n9 2004 BCCA, paragr. 13<br \/>\n10 (1993), 84 B.C.L.R. (2d) 273 (B.C.C.A.), autorisation d\u2019appel \u00e0 <\/p>\n<p>la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada rejet\u00e9e (1994), 39 R.P.R. (2d) 60n<br \/>\n11 2000 SCC 52<br \/>\n12 1967 CarswellOnt 180, paragr. 8<br \/>\n13 Pour des exemples, voir Inglis, Ladoski v. British Columbia <\/p>\n<p>Assets &#038; Land Corp., 2002 BCSC 114, paragr. 8-11; Revenue<br \/>\nProperties Co. v. Victoria University, 1993 CarswellOnt 722<br \/>\n(Ont. C.J. (General Division), paragr. 51<\/p>\n<p>14 [2015] WASCA 54, paragr. 61<br \/>\n15 Annual Review of Civil Litigation 2004, Thomas Reuters <\/p>\n<p>Canada Limited<br \/>\n16 Annual Review of Civil Litigation 2015, Thomas Reuters <\/p>\n<p>Canada Limited<br \/>\n17 The Appraisal Journal, automne 2011, pages 314-326<\/p>\n<p>Cet article est fourni dans le but de susciter la discussion<br \/>\net d\u2019informer les professionnels de certains d\u00e9fis pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s<br \/>\ndans la loi. Il ne doit pas \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un avis<br \/>\njuridique. Les questions soulev\u00e9es par les enjeux discut\u00e9s ici<br \/>\ndevraient \u00eatre soumises \u00e0 des praticiens qualifi\u00e9s du droit et<br \/>\nde l\u2019\u00e9valuation. <\/p>\n<p>QUESTIONS JURIDIQUES<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 45Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>ADVOCACY<\/p>\n<p>Submission for the pre-budget<br \/>\nconsultation in advance of<br \/>\nthe 2023 Federal Budget<\/p>\n<p>Overview of recommendations<\/p>\n<p>1. Continue to apply prudent underwriting guidelines<br \/>\n2. Complete improvement of flood maps and compile them in one <\/p>\n<p>central portal and be made publicly available<br \/>\n3. Implement and launch the Housing Accelerator Fund<\/p>\n<p>About<\/p>\n<p>The Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC) is Canada\u2019s leading real<br \/>\nproperty valuation association with over 5,600 members across<br \/>\nthe country and around the world. Since 1938, AIC has worked<br \/>\ncollaboratively with its 10 affiliated provincial associations<br \/>\nto grant the distinguished Accredited Appraiser Canadian<br \/>\nInstitute (AACI\u2122) and Canadian Residential Appraiser (CRA\u2122)<br \/>\ndesignations. As a self-regulatory body, we have a strong focus on<br \/>\nconsumer protection.<\/p>\n<p>As an integral part of the real estate market in Canada,<br \/>\nappraisers are hired by mortgage lenders, mortgage insurers,<br \/>\nmortgage brokers, real estate representatives, and the public<br \/>\nto provide independent, real-time opinions of the value of real<br \/>\nproperty to help them make informed decisions. Appraisers have<br \/>\nno vested interest in the outcome of a transaction or in the value of<br \/>\na subject property. Each year, AIC professional appraisers conduct<br \/>\nover one million appraisals valuing over one trillion dollars.<\/p>\n<p>Introduction<\/p>\n<p>Over the past few years, our lifestyles and our entire economy<br \/>\nhave been upended. During the pandemic, Canadians experienced<br \/>\nan extremely active housing market with dramatic increases in<br \/>\ndemand and in prices; Canadians now face a slowing market with<br \/>\nlower demand and downwards pressure on prices. As inflation<br \/>\ncontinues to rise or, at best, level off, Canadians are seeing the<br \/>\ncost-of-living rise and life becoming more and more unaffordable. <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 46 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>ADVOCACY<\/p>\n<p>The impact of inflation, coupled with rising interest rates, have<br \/>\nreduced purchasing power for many that have still not entered<br \/>\nthe housing market or are contemplating a move up. For those<br \/>\nwho have purchased a home at the peak of the housing boom,<br \/>\ntheir equity may already have been reduced, and many are<br \/>\nseeing their monthly payments rise.<\/p>\n<p>When buying a home, Canadians need to rely on strong<br \/>\nmarket fundamentals to inform their decisions \u2013 especially in<br \/>\nvolatile markets such as the one we are currently experiencing.<br \/>\nDuring these periods of volatility, a well-functioning and stable<br \/>\ncredit market is essential. AIC professional appraisers provide<br \/>\nhigh-quality, valuation services to support a healthy financial<br \/>\nsystem that best serves the needs of all Canadians.<\/p>\n<p>As a self-regulatory body, appraisers have a strong focus<br \/>\non consumer protection. They uphold independent valuation<br \/>\nfundamentals that help mitigate risks by ensuring lenders,<br \/>\ninsurers, and consumers make informed decisions. Appraisers,<br \/>\nworking alongside home builders, realtors, mortgage brokers, and<br \/>\nhome buyers, are an essential part of Canada\u2019s real estate industry.<\/p>\n<p>In order to continue supporting Canadians, it is important to<br \/>\nmake policy decisions that help home buyers and homeowners<br \/>\nwhile ensuring the health of the financial system and the real<br \/>\nestate market.<\/p>\n<p>AIC believes that the following three recommendations will<br \/>\nhelp mitigate risk in the market as well as make housing more<br \/>\naffordable to those aspiring to purchase a home.<\/p>\n<p>Continue to apply prudent underwriting guidelines<\/p>\n<p>A core element of a healthy and balanced real estate market<br \/>\nis the timely availability of reliable property valuations.<br \/>\nAIC professional appraisers play an essential role in providing<br \/>\nindependent opinions of value to help stabilize and secure<br \/>\nthe market, as well as protect Canadians. Strong valuation<br \/>\nfundamentals helped Canada\u2019s economy remain steady during<br \/>\nthe 2008-2009 global financial crisis. AIC professional<br \/>\nappraisers supported the real estate market by contributing<br \/>\ntheir real estate expertise and knowledge to the lending<br \/>\nindustry and providing sound valuation advice to clients and<br \/>\nkey stakeholders.<\/p>\n<p>The Residential Mortgage Underwriting Practices and<br \/>\nProcedures (B-20 Guidelines), under the authority of the Office<br \/>\nof the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI), include<br \/>\nprovisions for Federally Regulated Financial Institutions<br \/>\n(FRFIs) to obtain appropriate numbers of on-site inspections<br \/>\nand independent appraisals to verify the value of collateral<br \/>\nused during the mortgage underwriting process. Knowing and<br \/>\nunderstanding the value of the collateral is as important as ever<br \/>\nto mitigate risk when there is a high loan-to-value ratio, when<br \/>\nmarkets are in flux, such as in the current case, or when the<br \/>\ncreditworthiness of the borrower may be in doubt.<\/p>\n<p>During Canada\u2019s current economic state, continued<br \/>\napplication of prudent underwriting guidelines, which include<br \/>\nstrong valuation fundamentals, is equally, if not more important<br \/>\nthan ever. At a time when Canadians\u2019 finances are being<br \/>\nimpacted and the real estate market is volatile, independent<br \/>\nand professional appraisals help protect Canadians and the<br \/>\nhousing market.<\/p>\n<p>Professionally prepared appraisal reports rely on analysis<br \/>\nof real-time, current data \u2013 what is happening in the market<br \/>\nright now \u2013 and on the experienced eye of an appraiser walking<br \/>\nthrough a property. As we saw during and since the COVID-19<br \/>\npandemic, individual markets can shift very quickly, and only a<br \/>\nreal-time evaluation can truly capture these fluctuations.<\/p>\n<p>While many participants in the market are looking to<br \/>\nexpedite transactions, ultimately, the proper due diligence<br \/>\noffered by an independent professional appraiser ensures that<br \/>\ndecision-makers have a reliable appraisal report providing a<br \/>\nwell-supported opinion of value.<\/p>\n<p>Requiring FRFIs to apply proper due diligence by requiring<br \/>\nvaluation reports based on on-site, in-person inspections<br \/>\nperformed by qualified appraisers is a sound practice. It enables<br \/>\nlenders to confirm the current valuation of the collateral when<br \/>\nprocessing a mortgage loan application and that they are<br \/>\ndoing so with the assurance that the valuation was carried<br \/>\nout in an impartial, fair, and objective manner. In summary,<br \/>\nwe recommend that the Government of Canada continue to<br \/>\nmandate strong valuation fundamentals within FRFIs.<\/p>\n<p>Complete updated flood mapping<\/p>\n<p>Over the last several years, more and more communities<br \/>\nacross Canada have been impacted by climate related<br \/>\nnatural disasters. There have been major floods in almost<br \/>\nevery province in Canada, affecting hundreds of thousands<br \/>\nof Canadians across the country. Reports suggest that<br \/>\nclimate change is one of the factors that is contributing to<br \/>\nrecurring flooding. In fact, the Insurance Bureau of Canada<br \/>\nestimates that over one million homes across Canada are at<br \/>\nhigh risk of flooding, and a portion of those are at very high<br \/>\nrisk of flooding.1 Public Safety Canada calls overland flooding<br \/>\nCanada\u2019s costliest natural hazard.2<\/p>\n<p>AIC applauds the government of Canada\u2019s initiative in<br \/>\nworking with stakeholders to develop the Flood Hazard<br \/>\nIdentification and Mapping program (FHIMP). In order to<br \/>\nprotect Canadians, the government should continue to work<br \/>\nwith stakeholders, such as AIC professional appraisers, to<br \/>\nensure adequate and complete flood mapping is developed and<br \/>\nreleased as soon as possible.<\/p>\n<p>Homes and buildings that are situated in flood zones are often<br \/>\nless valuable than properties outside of flood zones,3 and, as the<br \/>\ncurrent climate changes, floods will occur more frequently and <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 47Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>ADVOCACY<\/p>\n<p>in areas that were not affected in the past. This affects not only<br \/>\nexisting homes and buildings but also new developments.<\/p>\n<p>Prospective homeowners and the mortgage lending industry<br \/>\nrely, in part, on information gathered by appraisers to make their<br \/>\nbuying and lending decisions. Updated flood maps will enable AIC<br \/>\nProfessional Appraisers to assess whether the subject property is<br \/>\non a flood plain or in a high-risk flood area, something that they<br \/>\nwould then note in the appraisal report and make any necessary<br \/>\nadjustments to the independent opinion of value. Therefore,<br \/>\nupdated flood maps and other climate-related risks being made<br \/>\navailable to the real estate industry would assist appraisers in<br \/>\nhelping Canadians make the most informed decisions possible.<\/p>\n<p>AIC recommends that the Government of Canada complete<br \/>\nimprovement of flood maps and house them in one central portal<br \/>\nthat is publicly accessible. Floods are just one example of climate<br \/>\nrisk \u2013 others such as drought, severe storms, and wildfires can all<br \/>\naffect the value of a property. Going forward, governments will<br \/>\nalso need to take a leading role in ensuring information on these<br \/>\nrisks is widely and consistently made available.<\/p>\n<p>Implement and launch the Housing Accelerator Fund<\/p>\n<p>To address Canada\u2019s housing crisis, the federal government must<br \/>\nwork with provincial and municipal governments to implement<br \/>\npolicies that help to increase the supply of housing. While there<br \/>\nis no perfect policy to address the housing crisis, we do believe<br \/>\nsupply is one of the solutions to a more balanced marketplace.<\/p>\n<p>Supply and demand factors have historically shown themselves<br \/>\nto be one of the major drivers of housing prices. When supply <\/p>\n<p>is curtailed, appraisers will see prices go up, sometimes<br \/>\ndramatically. Current levels of housing supply are seeing middle-<br \/>\nincome Canadians being priced out, facing increased pressures<br \/>\nto find and afford the home they need. While the housing market<br \/>\nhas seen prices fall in recent months due to rising interest rates,<br \/>\nthe shortage of housing supply remains and will intensify as<br \/>\nimmigration numbers continue to climb coming out of the COVID-19<br \/>\npandemic. According to the Canada Housing and Mortgage<br \/>\nCorporation, Canada will need an additional 3.5 million units above<br \/>\ncurrent projections by 2030.4<\/p>\n<p>While some might suggest that the current slowdown in<br \/>\nmarkets has reduced the need for an increase in supply \u2013 and<br \/>\nby extension the need for the fund to be launched \u2013 we would<br \/>\nargue that the market factors that contributed to high demand<br \/>\nwill return at some point. Household formation and immigration<br \/>\nlevels are just two of those factors and the housing market<br \/>\nwill be in a far better place if increased supply is available as<br \/>\ndemand increases.<\/p>\n<p>Canadians are experiencing severe volatility in the real estate<br \/>\nmarket \u2013 from the highs of the pandemic to declining activity<br \/>\ndue to interest rate increases. The Housing Accelerator Fund<br \/>\nannounced in Budget 2022 identifies broad objectives to help<br \/>\nincrease housing supply and is a move in the right direction,<br \/>\nbut it has yet to be implemented. Specifically, the Fund should<br \/>\nfocus on affordability and expedited approvals for development<br \/>\nand address the key challenges to new supply, which by all<br \/>\naccounts, are related to local municipal restrictions or hurdles<br \/>\nlike zoning restrictions, density limits, and NIMBYism. Supporting<br \/>\nmunicipalities in addressing those challenges, whether it be<br \/>\nfinancially or, in some cases, more importantly, politically, will go<br \/>\na long way in getting new supply to the market.<\/p>\n<p>As price fluctuations continue to impact the real estate<br \/>\nmarket, it is vital that the right expertise and experience are<br \/>\napplied throughout the decision-making process. The government<br \/>\nhas made historic investments in housing, and appraisers are<br \/>\nwilling and well- positioned to assist in policy development.<\/p>\n<p>AIC applauds the federal government\u2019s bold commitments in<br \/>\nBudget 2022 to help address the shortage of housing supply, but<br \/>\nmore has to be done sooner to incentivize new housing starts \u2013 one<br \/>\nway to do this is to implement and launch the Housing Accelerator<br \/>\nFund as soon as possible.<\/p>\n<p>End notes<br \/>\n1 http:\/\/assets.ibc.ca\/Documents\/Disaster\/IBC-National-Flood-<\/p>\n<p>Action-Plan-recommendations.pdf<br \/>\n2 https:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/mrgnc-mngmnt\/dsstr-<\/p>\n<p>prvntn-mtgtn\/ndmp\/fldpln-mppng-en.aspx<br \/>\n3 https:\/\/www.intactcentreclimateadaptation.ca\/wp-content\/<\/p>\n<p>uploads\/2022\/04\/UoW_ICCA_2022_02- Treading-Water_Flooding-<br \/>\nand-Housing-Market.pdf<\/p>\n<p>4 https:\/\/www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca\/en\/blog\/2022\/canadas-housing-<br \/>\nsupply-shortage-restoring-affordability-2030 <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 48 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/assets.ibc.ca\/Documents\/Disaster\/IBC-National-Flood-Action-Plan-recommendations.pdf<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/assets.ibc.ca\/Documents\/Disaster\/IBC-National-Flood-Action-Plan-recommendations.pdf<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/mrgnc-mngmnt\/dsstr-prvntn-mtgtn\/ndmp\/fldpln-mppng-en.aspx<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.intactcentreclimateadaptation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/UoW_ICCA_2022_02- Treading-Water_Flooding-and-Housing-Market.pdf<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca\/en\/blog\/2022\/canadas-housing-supply-shortage-restoring-affordability-2030<\/p>\n<p>D\u00c9FENSE DES INT\u00c9R\u00caTS<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e9moire pour la consultation<br \/>\npr\u00e9-budg\u00e9taire en pr\u00e9vision<br \/>\ndu budget f\u00e9d\u00e9ral <\/p>\n<p>Aper\u00e7u des recommandations<\/p>\n<p>1. Continuer \u00e0 appliquer des lignes directrices de<br \/>\nsouscription prudentes<\/p>\n<p>2. Terminer l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des cartes des zones inondables<br \/>\net les compiler dans un portail central et les rendre accessibles<br \/>\nau public<\/p>\n<p>3. Mettre en \u0153uvre et lancer le Fonds pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la<br \/>\nconstruction de logements <\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 propos de \u2026<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs (ICE) est la principale association<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation des biens immobiliers au Canada. Il compte plus de<br \/>\n5 600 membres dans tout le pays et dans le monde entier. Depuis 1938,<br \/>\nl\u2019ICE travaille en collaboration avec ses 10 associations provinciales<br \/>\naffili\u00e9es pour accorder les d\u00e9signations distingu\u00e9es d\u2019\u00e9valuateur agr\u00e9\u00e9<br \/>\nde l\u2019Institut canadien (AACI) et d\u2019\u00e9valuateur r\u00e9sidentiel canadien (CRA).<br \/>\nEn tant qu\u2019organisme d\u2019autor\u00e9glementation, nous mettons l\u2019accent sur<br \/>\nla protection des consommateurs. <\/p>\n<p>Faisant partie int\u00e9grante du march\u00e9 immobilier au Canada,<br \/>\nles \u00e9valuateurs sont engag\u00e9s par les pr\u00eateurs hypoth\u00e9caires,<br \/>\nles assureurs hypoth\u00e9caires, les courtiers en hypoth\u00e8ques, les<br \/>\nrepr\u00e9sentants immobiliers et le public pour fournir des opinions<br \/>\nind\u00e9pendantes et en temps r\u00e9el sur la valeur des biens immobiliers<br \/>\nafin de les aider \u00e0 prendre des d\u00e9cisions \u00e9clair\u00e9es. Les \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nn\u2019ont aucun int\u00e9r\u00eat direct dans le r\u00e9sultat d\u2019une transaction ou<br \/>\ndans la valeur d\u2019un bien immobilier. Chaque ann\u00e9e, les \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nprofessionnels de l\u2019ICE effectuent plus d\u2019un million d\u2019\u00e9valuations,<br \/>\npour une valeur de plus d\u2019un billion de dollars.<\/p>\n<p>Introduction<\/p>\n<p>Au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, nos modes de vie et toute<br \/>\nnotre \u00e9conomie ont \u00e9t\u00e9 boulevers\u00e9s. Pendant la pand\u00e9mie,<br \/>\nles Canadiens ont connu un march\u00e9 immobilier extr\u00eamement<br \/>\nactif avec des augmentations spectaculaires de la demande et<br \/>\ndes prix; les Canadiens font maintenant face \u00e0 un march\u00e9 en<br \/>\nralentissement avec une demande plus faible et une pression \u00e0<br \/>\nla baisse sur les prix. Alors que l\u2019inflation continue d\u2019augmenter<br \/>\nou, au mieux, de se stabiliser, les Canadiens voient le co\u00fbt de<br \/>\nla vie augmenter et la vie devenir de plus en plus inabordable. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019impact de l\u2019inflation, associ\u00e9 \u00e0 la hausse des taux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat, a<br \/>\nr\u00e9duit le pouvoir d\u2019achat de nombreuses personnes qui ne sont<br \/>\npas encore entr\u00e9es sur le march\u00e9 immobilier ou qui envisagent de<br \/>\nle faire. Pour ceux qui ont achet\u00e9 une maison au sommet du boom<br \/>\nimmobilier, leur capital peut d\u00e9j\u00e0 avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duit, et beaucoup<br \/>\nvoient leurs paiements mensuels augmenter. <\/p>\n<p>Lorsqu\u2019ils ach\u00e8tent une maison, les Canadiens doivent<br \/>\ns\u2019appuyer sur de solides donn\u00e9es fondamentales du march\u00e9<br \/>\npour \u00e9clairer leurs d\u00e9cisions &#8211; surtout dans des march\u00e9s volatils<br \/>\ncomme celui que nous connaissons actuellement. <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 49Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>D\u00c9FENSE DES INT\u00c9R\u00caTS<\/p>\n<p>Pendant ces p\u00e9riodes de volatilit\u00e9, un march\u00e9 du cr\u00e9dit<br \/>\nstable et qui fonctionne bien est essentiel. Les \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nprofessionnels de l\u2019ICE fournissent des services d\u2019\u00e9valuation<br \/>\nde haute qualit\u00e9 afin de soutenir un syst\u00e8me financier sain qui<br \/>\nr\u00e9pond le mieux possible aux besoins de tous les Canadiens. <\/p>\n<p>En tant que membres d\u2019un organisme d\u2019autor\u00e9glementation, les<br \/>\n\u00e9valuateurs mettent l\u2019accent sur la protection des consommateurs.<br \/>\nIls d\u00e9fendent les principes fondamentaux de l\u2019\u00e9valuation<br \/>\nind\u00e9pendante par un tiers qui aident \u00e0 att\u00e9nuer les risques en veillant<br \/>\n\u00e0 ce que les pr\u00eateurs, les assureurs et les consommateurs prennent<br \/>\ndes d\u00e9cisions \u00e9clair\u00e9es. Les \u00e9valuateurs, qui travaillent aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des<br \/>\nconstructeurs d\u2019habitations, des agents immobiliers, des courtiers<br \/>\nen pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires et des acheteurs de maisons, constituent un<br \/>\n\u00e9l\u00e9ment important de l\u2019industrie immobili\u00e8re canadienne. <\/p>\n<p>Afin de continuer \u00e0 soutenir les Canadiens, il est important<br \/>\nde prendre des d\u00e9cisions politiques qui aident les acheteurs et<br \/>\nles propri\u00e9taires de maison tout en assurant la sant\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me<br \/>\nfinancier et du march\u00e9 immobilier. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ICE croit que les trois recommandations suivantes aideront<br \/>\n\u00e0 att\u00e9nuer le risque sur le march\u00e9 ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 rendre le logement<br \/>\nplus abordable pour ceux qui aspirent \u00e0 acheter une maison. <\/p>\n<p>Continuer \u00e0 appliquer des lignes directrices  <\/p>\n<p>de souscription prudentes <\/p>\n<p>La disponibilit\u00e9 en temps opportun d\u2019\u00e9valuations fiables des<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9s est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel d\u2019un march\u00e9 immobilier sain<br \/>\net \u00e9quilibr\u00e9. Les \u00e9valuateurs professionnels de l\u2019ICE jouent un r\u00f4le<br \/>\nessentiel en fournissant des opinions de valeur ind\u00e9pendantes et<br \/>\ntierces pour aider \u00e0 stabiliser et \u00e0 s\u00e9curiser le march\u00e9, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0<br \/>\nprot\u00e9ger les Canadiens. De solides bases d\u2019\u00e9valuation ont aid\u00e9<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9conomie canadienne \u00e0 rester stable pendant la crise financi\u00e8re<br \/>\nmondiale de 2008-2009. Les \u00e9valuateurs professionnels de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\nont soutenu le march\u00e9 immobilier en apportant leur expertise et<br \/>\nleurs connaissances dans le domaine de l\u2019immobilier au secteur<br \/>\ndes pr\u00eats et en fournissant des conseils d\u2019\u00e9valuation judicieux aux<br \/>\nclients et aux principaux intervenants. <\/p>\n<p>Les Pratiques et proc\u00e9dures de souscription des pr\u00eats<br \/>\nhypoth\u00e9caires r\u00e9sidentiels (lignes directrices B-20), sous l\u2019autorit\u00e9<br \/>\ndu Bureau du surintendant des institutions financi\u00e8res (BSIF), <\/p>\n<p>comprennent des dispositions pour que les institutions financi\u00e8res<br \/>\nf\u00e9d\u00e9rales (IFF) obtiennent un nombre appropri\u00e9 d\u2019inspections sur<br \/>\nplace et d\u2019\u00e9valuations ind\u00e9pendantes pour v\u00e9rifier la valeur des<br \/>\ngaranties utilis\u00e9es pendant le processus de souscription des pr\u00eats<br \/>\nhypoth\u00e9caires. Il est plus important que jamais de conna\u00eetre et de<br \/>\ncomprendre la valeur de la garantie pour att\u00e9nuer le risque lorsque<br \/>\nle rapport pr\u00eat-valeur est \u00e9lev\u00e9, lorsque les march\u00e9s sont en<br \/>\nmouvement, comme dans le cas pr\u00e9sent, ou lorsque la solvabilit\u00e9 de<br \/>\nl\u2019emprunteur peut \u00eatre mise en doute. <\/p>\n<p>Dans la situation \u00e9conomique actuelle du Canada, l\u2019application<br \/>\ncontinue de lignes directrices prudentes en mati\u00e8re de souscription,<br \/>\nqui comprennent de solides bases d\u2019\u00e9valuation, est plus importante<br \/>\nque jamais. \u00c0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 les finances des Canadiens sont<br \/>\ntouch\u00e9es et o\u00f9 le march\u00e9 immobilier est volatile, des \u00e9valuations<br \/>\nind\u00e9pendantes et professionnelles aident \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger les Canadiens<br \/>\net le march\u00e9 immobilier. <\/p>\n<p>Les rapports d\u2019\u00e9valuation pr\u00e9par\u00e9s par des professionnels<br \/>\nreposent sur l\u2019analyse de donn\u00e9es actuelles en temps r\u00e9el &#8211; ce qui<br \/>\nse passe sur le march\u00e9 en ce moment &#8211; et sous l\u2019\u0153il exp\u00e9riment\u00e9<br \/>\nd\u2019un \u00e9valuateur qui visite une propri\u00e9t\u00e9. Comme nous l\u2019avons vu<br \/>\npendant et depuis la pand\u00e9mie de COVID, les march\u00e9s individuels<br \/>\npeuvent \u00e9voluer tr\u00e8s rapidement, et seule une \u00e9valuation en temps<br \/>\nr\u00e9el peut v\u00e9ritablement saisir ces fluctuations.<\/p>\n<p>Bien que de nombreux participants au march\u00e9 cherchent \u00e0<br \/>\nacc\u00e9l\u00e9rer les transactions, la diligence raisonnable offerte par<br \/>\nun \u00e9valuateur professionnel ind\u00e9pendant et tiers garantit, en fin<br \/>\nde compte, que les d\u00e9cideurs disposent d\u2019un rapport d\u2019\u00e9valuation<br \/>\nfiable fournissant une opinion de valeur bien \u00e9tay\u00e9e. <\/p>\n<p>Le fait d\u2019obliger les IFF \u00e0 appliquer une diligence raisonnable<br \/>\nappropri\u00e9e en exigeant des rapports d\u2019\u00e9valuation bas\u00e9s sur des<br \/>\ninspections sur place, en personne, effectu\u00e9es par des \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nqualifi\u00e9s est une pratique saine. Elle permet aux pr\u00eateurs de confirmer<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9valuation actuelle de la garantie lorsqu\u2019ils traitent une demande de<br \/>\npr\u00eat hypoth\u00e9caire et qu\u2019ils le font avec l\u2019assurance que l\u2019\u00e9valuation a \u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\neffectu\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re impartiale, juste et objective. En r\u00e9sum\u00e9, nous<br \/>\nrecommandons que le gouvernement du Canada continue d\u2019exiger<br \/>\nl\u2019application par les IFF de solides principes fondamentaux d\u2019\u00e9valuation.<\/p>\n<p>Achever la mise \u00e0 jour de la cartographie des zones inondables<\/p>\n<p>Au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, de plus en plus de collectivit\u00e9s au<br \/>\nCanada ont \u00e9t\u00e9 touch\u00e9es par des catastrophes naturelles li\u00e9es au<br \/>\nchangement climatique. Des inondations majeures ont eu lieu dans<br \/>\npresque toutes les provinces du Canada, affectant des centaines de<br \/>\nmilliers de Canadiens \u00e0 travers le pays. Les rapports sugg\u00e8rent que<br \/>\nle changement climatique est l\u2019un des facteurs qui contribuent aux<br \/>\ninondations r\u00e9currentes. En fait, le Bureau d\u2019assurance du Canada<br \/>\nestime que plus d\u2019un million de maisons au Canada sont \u00e0 risque \u00e9lev\u00e9<br \/>\nd\u2019inondation, et qu\u2019une partie d\u2019entre elles sont \u00e0 risque tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9<br \/>\nd\u2019inondation.1 S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique Canada consid\u00e8re que les inondations<br \/>\nde terrain sont le danger naturel le plus co\u00fbteux au Canada.2<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ICE applaudit l\u2019initiative du gouvernement du Canada de<br \/>\ntravailler avec les intervenants pour \u00e9laborer le Programme<br \/>\nd\u2019identification et de cartographie des al\u00e9as d\u2019inondation (PICAI). <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 50 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>D\u00c9FENSE DES INT\u00c9R\u00caTS<\/p>\n<p>Afin de prot\u00e9ger les Canadiens, le gouvernement devrait continuer<br \/>\n\u00e0 travailler avec les intervenants, tels que les \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nprofessionnels de l\u2019ICE, pour s\u2019assurer qu\u2019une cartographie<br \/>\nad\u00e9quate et compl\u00e8te des zones inondables est \u00e9labor\u00e9e et<br \/>\npubli\u00e9e le plus rapidement possible. <\/p>\n<p>Les maisons et les b\u00e2timents situ\u00e9s dans des zones<br \/>\ninondables ont souvent moins de valeur que les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s situ\u00e9es<br \/>\n\u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur de ces zones,3 et, avec les changements climatiques<br \/>\nactuels, les inondations se produiront plus fr\u00e9quemment et dans<br \/>\ndes zones qui n\u2019\u00e9taient pas touch\u00e9es dans le pass\u00e9. Cela affecte<br \/>\nnon seulement les maisons et les b\u00e2timents existants, mais aussi<br \/>\nles nouveaux d\u00e9veloppements.<\/p>\n<p>Les propri\u00e9taires potentiels et le secteur des pr\u00eats<br \/>\nhypoth\u00e9caires se fient, en partie, aux informations recueillies par<br \/>\nles \u00e9valuateurs pour prendre leurs d\u00e9cisions d\u2019achat et de pr\u00eat.<br \/>\nLes cartes d\u2019inondation mises \u00e0 jour permettront aux \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nprofessionnels de l\u2019ICE de d\u00e9terminer si la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 en question<br \/>\nse trouve sur une plaine inondable ou dans une zone inondable \u00e0<br \/>\nhaut risque, ce qu\u2019ils noteront ensuite dans le rapport d\u2019\u00e9valuation<br \/>\net apporteront les ajustements n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l\u2019opinion de valeur<br \/>\nind\u00e9pendante. Par cons\u00e9quent, le fait de mettre \u00e0 la disposition de<br \/>\nl\u2019industrie immobili\u00e8re des cartes d\u2019inondation \u00e0 jour et d\u2019autres<br \/>\nrisques li\u00e9s au climat permettrait aux \u00e9valuateurs d\u2019aider les<br \/>\nCanadiens \u00e0 prendre les d\u00e9cisions les plus \u00e9clair\u00e9es possible. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ICE recommande au gouvernement du Canada de terminer<br \/>\nl\u2019am\u00e9lioration des cartes des zones inondables et de les h\u00e9berger<br \/>\ndans un portail central accessible au public. Les inondations<br \/>\nne sont qu\u2019un exemple de risque climatique &#8211; d\u2019autres comme<br \/>\nla s\u00e9cheresse, les temp\u00eates violentes et les incendies de for\u00eat<br \/>\npeuvent tous affecter la valeur d\u2019une propri\u00e9t\u00e9. \u00c0 l\u2019avenir, les<br \/>\ngouvernements devront \u00e9galement jouer un r\u00f4le de premier<br \/>\nplan en veillant \u00e0 ce que les informations sur ces risques soient<br \/>\nlargement et syst\u00e9matiquement mises \u00e0 disposition. <\/p>\n<p>Mettre en \u0153uvre et lancer le Fonds pour  <\/p>\n<p>acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la construction de logements <\/p>\n<p>Pour r\u00e9soudre la crise du logement au Canada, le gouvernement<br \/>\nf\u00e9d\u00e9ral doit travailler avec les gouvernements provinciaux et<br \/>\nmunicipaux afin de mettre en \u0153uvre des politiques qui aident<br \/>\n\u00e0 augmenter l\u2019offre de logements. Bien qu\u2019il n\u2019existe pas de<br \/>\npolitique parfaite pour r\u00e9soudre la crise du logement, nous<br \/>\ncroyons que l\u2019augmentation de l\u2019offre est l\u2019une des solutions pour<br \/>\nun march\u00e9 plus \u00e9quilibr\u00e9. <\/p>\n<p>Les facteurs d\u2019offre et de demande se sont historiquement<br \/>\nr\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9s \u00eatre l\u2019un des principaux moteurs des prix des logements.<br \/>\nLorsque l\u2019offre est r\u00e9duite, les \u00e9valuateurs voient les prix<br \/>\naugmenter, parfois de fa\u00e7on spectaculaire. Les niveaux actuels<br \/>\nde l\u2019offre de logements font en sorte que les Canadiens \u00e0 revenu<br \/>\nmoyen sont \u00e9vinc\u00e9s par les prix et doivent faire face \u00e0 des<br \/>\npressions accrues pour trouver et payer la maison dont ils ont<br \/>\nbesoin. Bien que le march\u00e9 immobilier ait vu les prix baisser<br \/>\nces derniers mois en raison de la hausse des taux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat,<br \/>\nla p\u00e9nurie de l\u2019offre de logements demeure et s\u2019intensifiera <\/p>\n<p>\u00e0 mesure que les chiffres de l\u2019immigration continueront de<br \/>\ngrimper \u00e0 l\u2019issue de la pand\u00e9mie de COVID-19. Selon la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\ncanadienne d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ques et de logement, le Canada aura besoin<br \/>\nde 3,5 millions de logements suppl\u00e9mentaires par rapport aux<br \/>\nprojections actuelles d\u2019ici 2030.4<\/p>\n<p>Alors que certains pourraient sugg\u00e9rer que le ralentissement<br \/>\nactuel des march\u00e9s a r\u00e9duit la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019une augmentation de<br \/>\nl\u2019offre &#8211; et par extension la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de lancer le fonds &#8211; nous<br \/>\nsoutenons que les facteurs du march\u00e9 qui ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la<br \/>\nforte demande reviendront \u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9. La formation des<br \/>\nm\u00e9nages et les niveaux d\u2019immigration ne sont que deux de ces<br \/>\nfacteurs et le march\u00e9 de l\u2019habitation sera dans une bien meilleure<br \/>\nposition si une offre accrue est disponible au fur et \u00e0 mesure que<br \/>\nla demande augmente. <\/p>\n<p>Les Canadiens doivent composer avec une grande volatilit\u00e9<br \/>\nsur le march\u00e9 immobilier &#8211; des sommets de la pand\u00e9mie \u00e0 la<br \/>\nbaisse d\u2019activit\u00e9 due aux augmentations des taux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat.<br \/>\nLe Fonds pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la construction de logements annonc\u00e9<br \/>\ndans le budget 2022 d\u00e9finit des objectifs g\u00e9n\u00e9raux pour aider<br \/>\n\u00e0 augmenter l\u2019offre de logements et constitue un pas dans la<br \/>\nbonne direction, mais il n\u2019a pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en \u0153uvre. Plus<br \/>\npr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, le Fonds devrait se concentrer sur l\u2019abordabilit\u00e9 et<br \/>\nles approbations acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9es pour le d\u00e9veloppement et s\u2019attaquer<br \/>\naux principaux d\u00e9fis \u00e0 la nouvelle offre, qui, de l\u2019avis g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, sont<br \/>\nli\u00e9s aux restrictions ou aux obstacles municipaux locaux comme<br \/>\nles restrictions de zonage, les limites de densit\u00e9 et le \u00ab n\u2019importe<br \/>\no\u00f9, mais pas dans ma cour \u00bb. En aidant les municipalit\u00e9s \u00e0 relever<br \/>\nces d\u00e9fis, que ce soit financi\u00e8rement ou, dans certains cas, de<br \/>\nmani\u00e8re plus importante, politiquement, nous contribuerons<br \/>\ngrandement \u00e0 la mise sur le march\u00e9 de nouvelles offres. <\/p>\n<p>Comme les fluctuations de prix continuent d\u2019avoir un impact<br \/>\nsur le march\u00e9 immobilier, il est essentiel que l\u2019expertise et<br \/>\nl\u2019exp\u00e9rience appropri\u00e9es soient appliqu\u00e9es tout au long du<br \/>\nprocessus d\u00e9cisionnel. Le gouvernement a fait des investissements<br \/>\nhistoriques dans le logement, et les \u00e9valuateurs sont dispos\u00e9s et<br \/>\nbien positionn\u00e9s pour aider \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9laboration des politiques.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ICE applaudit les engagements audacieux du gouvernement<br \/>\nf\u00e9d\u00e9ral dans le budget 2022 pour aider \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre la p\u00e9nurie<br \/>\nde l\u2019offre de logements. Mais il faut faire davantage au plus t\u00f4t<br \/>\npour encourager les nouvelles mises en chantier \u2013 une fa\u00e7on<br \/>\nd\u2019y parvenir est de mettre en \u0153uvre et de lancer le Fonds pour<br \/>\nacc\u00e9l\u00e9rer les logements d\u00e8s que possible.<\/p>\n<p>Notes en fin de texte<br \/>\n1 http:\/\/assets.ibc.ca\/Documents\/Disaster\/IBC-National-Flood-<\/p>\n<p>Action-Plan-recommendations.pdf<br \/>\n2 https:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/mrgnc-mngmnt\/dsstr-<\/p>\n<p>prvntn-mtgtn\/ndmp\/fldpln-mppng-en.aspx<br \/>\n3 https:\/\/www.intactcentreclimateadaptation.ca\/wp-content\/<\/p>\n<p>uploads\/2022\/04\/UoW_ICCA_2022_02-Treading-Water_Flooding-<br \/>\nand-Housing-Market.pdf<\/p>\n<p>4 https:\/\/www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca\/en\/blog\/2022\/canadas-housing-<br \/>\nsupply-shortage-restoring-affordability-2030 <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 51Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/assets.ibc.ca\/Documents\/Disaster\/IBC-National-Flood-Action-Plan-recommendations.pdf<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/assets.ibc.ca\/Documents\/Disaster\/IBC-National-Flood-Action-Plan-recommendations.pdf<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/mrgnc-mngmnt\/dsstr-prvntn-mtgtn\/ndmp\/fldpln-mppng-en.aspx<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.intactcentreclimateadaptation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/UoW_ICCA_2022_02-Treading-Water_Flooding-and-Housing-Market.pdf<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca\/en\/blog\/2022\/canadas-housing-supply-shortage-restoring-affordability-2030<\/p>\n<p>NEWS\/NOUVELLES<\/p>\n<p>9th Annual Photo<br \/>\nContest winners<br \/>\nThe winning entries in the Appraisal Institute of Canada\u2019s 2022<br \/>\nPhoto Contest have been selected and are featured with a number<br \/>\nof other outstanding submissions in this year\u2019s AIC 2023 wall<br \/>\ncalendar. The 2022 winners are:<\/p>\n<p>1st Place<br \/>\nLake Beauvert at Jasper Park Lodge, Jasper, Alberta<br \/>\nEdwina Nearhood, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nCanada Revenue Agency<br \/>\nAIC BC National President   <\/p>\n<p>2nd Place<br \/>\nSwift Current, Saskatchewan<br \/>\nMegan Simmons, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nWarkentin Appraisal Services <\/p>\n<p>3rd Place<br \/>\nOttawa, Ontario<br \/>\nAlana Zhu, 2nd year Candidate<br \/>\nLW Property Advisors Ltd.<\/p>\n<p>Congratulations to our winners and to all of the AIC Members<br \/>\nfrom across Canada whose outstanding contributions made this<br \/>\nyear\u2019s contest so successful. <\/p>\n<p>Gagnants du 9e concours<br \/>\nannuel de photos<br \/>\nLes photos gagnantes du concours de photos 2022 de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\ncanadien des \u00e9valuateurs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es et sont<br \/>\npr\u00e9sent\u00e9es avec quelques autres dans le calendrier mural 2023<br \/>\nde l\u2019ICE. Les gagnants sont : <\/p>\n<p>1er prix<br \/>\nLac Beauvert au Jasper Park Lodge, Jasper, Alberta<br \/>\nEdwina Nearhood, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nAgence du revenu du Canada<br \/>\nPr\u00e9sidente nationale de l\u2019AIC BC<\/p>\n<p>2e prix<br \/>\nSwift Current, Saskatchewan<br \/>\nMegan Simmons, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nWarkentin Appraisal Services<\/p>\n<p>3e prix<br \/>\nOttawa, Ontario<br \/>\nAlana Zhu, stagiaire de 2e ann\u00e9e<br \/>\nLW Property Advisors Ltd.<\/p>\n<p>F\u00e9licitations \u00e0 nos gagnants ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 tous les membres de l&rsquo;ICE<br \/>\nde partout au Canada pour leurs contributions exceptionnelles au<br \/>\nsucc\u00e8s du concours de cette ann\u00e9e.  <\/p>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 52 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>NEWS\/NOUVELLES<\/p>\n<p>Important Dates<br \/>\n\u2022 January 4 \u2013 World Braille Day<br \/>\n\u2022 January 18 \u2013 Bell Let\u2019s Talk Day<br \/>\n\u2022 January 22 \u2013 Chinese Lunar New Year<br \/>\n\u2022 January 31 \u2013 Professional Liability Insurance  <\/p>\n<p>Renewal Deadline<br \/>\n\u2022 February \u2013 Black History Month<br \/>\n\u2022 March \u2013 Fraud Prevention Month<br \/>\n\u2022 March 8 \u2013 International Women\u2019s Day<br \/>\n\u2022 March 8 \u2013 Holi (Hinduism)<br \/>\n\u2022 March 15 \u2013 Deadline to complete the 2022 PPS<br \/>\n\u2022 March 22 \u2013 Start of the holy month of Ramadan<br \/>\n\u2022 April 5 \u2013 Passover (Judaisme)<br \/>\n\u2022 April 7 \u2013 Good Friday<br \/>\n\u2022 April 9 \u2013 Easter Sunday<br \/>\n\u2022 April 10 \u2013 Easter Monday<br \/>\n\u2022 April 20 \u2013 Eid al-Fitr (Islam)<br \/>\n\u2022 May \u2013 Asian Heritage Month<\/p>\n<p>Dates importantes<br \/>\n\u2022 4 janvier \u2013 Journ\u00e9e mondiale du braille<br \/>\n\u2022 18 janvier \u2013 Bell Cause pour la cause<br \/>\n\u2022 22 janvier \u2013 Nouvel An chinois (lunaire)<br \/>\n\u2022 31 janvier \u2013 Date limite pour l\u2019assurance responsabilit\u00e9 professionnelle<br \/>\n\u2022 F\u00e9vrier \u2013 Mois de l\u2019histoire des Noirs<br \/>\n\u2022 Mars \u2013 Mois de la pr\u00e9vention de la fraude<br \/>\n\u2022 8 mars \u2013 Journ\u00e9e internationale des femmes<br \/>\n\u2022 8 mars \u2013 Holi (Hindouisme)<br \/>\n\u2022 15 mars \u2013 La date limite pour compl\u00e9ter le SPP 2022<br \/>\n\u2022 22 mars \u2013 D\u00e9but du mois sacr\u00e9 du Ramadan<br \/>\n\u2022 5 avril \u2013 La p\u00e2que juive (juda\u00efsme)<br \/>\n\u2022 7 avril \u2013 Vendredi saint<br \/>\n\u2022 9 avril \u2013 P\u00e2ques<br \/>\n\u2022 10 avril \u2013 Le lundi de P\u00e2ques<br \/>\n\u2022 20 avril \u2013 Eid al-Fitr (Islam)<br \/>\n\u2022 Mai \u2013 Mois du patrimoine asiatique<\/p>\n<p>Visit www.aicanada.ca | En savoir plus www.aicanada.ca\/fr<\/p>\n<p>Forge your own<br \/>\npath to success<br \/>\nJoin CBRE\u2019s Valuation &#038; Advisory Services Team<\/p>\n<p>At CBRE, you are empowered to take your career where you want it to go.<br \/>\nEnjoy workplace flexibility with tremendous scale\u2014in an inclusive, collaborative<br \/>\nenvironment with supportive teammates. Work on an industry-leading national<br \/>\nteam that provides unmatched client service by leveraging best in class research,<br \/>\nsuperior technology and industry expertise.<\/p>\n<p>Paul Morassutti, AACI, MRICS<br \/>\nVice Chairman<br \/>\npaul.morassutti@cbre.com<br \/>\n+1 416 495 6235<\/p>\n<p>cbre.ca<\/p>\n<p>Vol 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022<\/p>\n<p>P<br \/>\nM<\/p>\n<p> #<br \/>\n40<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n82<\/p>\n<p>49<br \/>\n R<\/p>\n<p>et<br \/>\nur<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nun<\/p>\n<p>de<br \/>\nli<\/p>\n<p>ve<br \/>\nra<\/p>\n<p>bl<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>C<br \/>\nan<\/p>\n<p>ad<br \/>\nia<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nA<\/p>\n<p>dd<br \/>\nre<\/p>\n<p>ss<br \/>\nes<\/p>\n<p> t<br \/>\no:<\/p>\n<p> A<br \/>\npp<\/p>\n<p>ra<br \/>\nis<\/p>\n<p>al<br \/>\n In<\/p>\n<p>st<br \/>\nit<\/p>\n<p>ut<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>of<br \/>\n C<\/p>\n<p>an<br \/>\nad<\/p>\n<p>a,<br \/>\n 4<\/p>\n<p>03<br \/>\n-2<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n C<\/p>\n<p>at<br \/>\nhe<\/p>\n<p>ri<br \/>\nne<\/p>\n<p> S<br \/>\nt.<\/p>\n<p>, O<br \/>\ntt<\/p>\n<p>aw<br \/>\na,<\/p>\n<p> O<br \/>\nN<\/p>\n<p> K<br \/>\n2P<\/p>\n<p> 2<br \/>\nK<\/p>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>The Offi cial Publication of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada \/<br \/>\nPublication offi cielle de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\nCanadien des \u00c9valuateurs<\/p>\n<p>2022-23 AIC PRESIDENT\u2019S<br \/>\nCAREER: SUCCESS<br \/>\nBUILT ON PASSION<br \/>\nPr\u00e9sidente de l\u2019ICE 2022-23 :<br \/>\nUne carri\u00e8re prosp\u00e8re, une<br \/>\ncarri\u00e8re \u00e0 c\u0153ur<\/p>\n<p>NAVIGATING INTELLIGENT<br \/>\nWATER SYSTEMS:<br \/>\nHEALTH, SAFETY,<br \/>\nAND RISK MITIGATION<br \/>\nUtilisation des<br \/>\nr\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation<br \/>\nen eau intelligents :<br \/>\nsant\u00e9, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et r<br \/>\n\u00e9duction des risques<\/p>\n<p>ARBITRATING<br \/>\n\u2018FAIR MARKET RENTAL\u2019<br \/>\nIN COMMERCIAL<br \/>\nRENT REVIEWS<br \/>\nArbitrage du<br \/>\n\u2039 juste loyer marchand \u203a<br \/>\ndans les examens de<br \/>\nlocation commerciale<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019INTUITION et son r\u00f4le dans<br \/>\nla m\u00e9thode de comparaison directe<\/p>\n<p>INTUITION and its role in<br \/>\nthe Direct Comparison Approach<\/p>\n<p>Immobili\u00e8re au Canada<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property<\/p>\n<p>Vol 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022<\/p>\n<p>P<br \/>\nM<\/p>\n<p> #<br \/>\n40<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n82<\/p>\n<p>49<br \/>\n R<\/p>\n<p>et<br \/>\nur<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nun<\/p>\n<p>de<br \/>\nli<\/p>\n<p>ve<br \/>\nra<\/p>\n<p>bl<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>C<br \/>\nan<\/p>\n<p>ad<br \/>\nia<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nA<\/p>\n<p>dd<br \/>\nre<\/p>\n<p>ss<br \/>\nes<\/p>\n<p> t<br \/>\no:<\/p>\n<p> A<br \/>\npp<\/p>\n<p>ra<br \/>\nis<\/p>\n<p>al<br \/>\n In<\/p>\n<p>st<br \/>\nit<\/p>\n<p>ut<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>of<br \/>\n C<\/p>\n<p>an<br \/>\nad<\/p>\n<p>a,<br \/>\n 4<\/p>\n<p>03<br \/>\n-2<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n C<\/p>\n<p>at<br \/>\nhe<\/p>\n<p>ri<br \/>\nne<\/p>\n<p> S<br \/>\nt.<\/p>\n<p>, O<br \/>\ntt<\/p>\n<p>aw<br \/>\na,<\/p>\n<p> O<br \/>\nN<\/p>\n<p> K<br \/>\n2P<\/p>\n<p> 2<br \/>\nK<\/p>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>The Offi cial Publication of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada \/<br \/>\nPublication offi cielle de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\nCanadien des \u00c9valuateurs<\/p>\n<p>2022-23 AIC PRESIDENT\u2019S<br \/>\nCAREER: SUCCESS<br \/>\nBUILT ON PASSION<br \/>\nPr\u00e9sidente de l\u2019ICE 2022-23 :<br \/>\nUne carri\u00e8re prosp\u00e8re, une<br \/>\ncarri\u00e8re \u00e0 c\u0153ur<\/p>\n<p>NAVIGATING INTELLIGENT<br \/>\nWATER SYSTEMS:<br \/>\nHEALTH, SAFETY,<br \/>\nAND RISK MITIGATION<br \/>\nUtilisation des<br \/>\nr\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation<br \/>\nen eau intelligents :<br \/>\nsant\u00e9, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et r<br \/>\n\u00e9duction des risques<\/p>\n<p>ARBITRATING<br \/>\n\u2018FAIR MARKET RENTAL\u2019<br \/>\nIN COMMERCIAL<br \/>\nRENT REVIEWS<br \/>\nArbitrage du<br \/>\n\u2039 juste loyer marchand \u203a<br \/>\ndans les examens de<br \/>\nlocation commerciale<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019INTUITION et son r\u00f4le dans<br \/>\nla m\u00e9thode de comparaison directe<\/p>\n<p>INTUITION and its role in<br \/>\nthe Direct Comparison Approach<\/p>\n<p>Immobili\u00e8re au Canada<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property<\/p>\n<p>Vol 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022<\/p>\n<p>P<br \/>\nM<\/p>\n<p> #<br \/>\n40<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n82<\/p>\n<p>49<br \/>\n R<\/p>\n<p>et<br \/>\nur<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nun<\/p>\n<p>de<br \/>\nli<\/p>\n<p>ve<br \/>\nra<\/p>\n<p>bl<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>C<br \/>\nan<\/p>\n<p>ad<br \/>\nia<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nA<\/p>\n<p>dd<br \/>\nre<\/p>\n<p>ss<br \/>\nes<\/p>\n<p> t<br \/>\no:<\/p>\n<p> A<br \/>\npp<\/p>\n<p>ra<br \/>\nis<\/p>\n<p>al<br \/>\n In<\/p>\n<p>st<br \/>\nit<\/p>\n<p>ut<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>of<br \/>\n C<\/p>\n<p>an<br \/>\nad<\/p>\n<p>a,<br \/>\n 4<\/p>\n<p>03<br \/>\n-2<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n C<\/p>\n<p>at<br \/>\nhe<\/p>\n<p>ri<br \/>\nne<\/p>\n<p> S<br \/>\nt.<\/p>\n<p>, O<br \/>\ntt<\/p>\n<p>aw<br \/>\na,<\/p>\n<p> O<br \/>\nN<\/p>\n<p> K<br \/>\n2P<\/p>\n<p> 2<br \/>\nK<\/p>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>The Offi cial Publication of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada \/<br \/>\nPublication offi cielle de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\nCanadien des \u00c9valuateurs<\/p>\n<p>2022-23 AIC PRESIDENT\u2019S<br \/>\nCAREER: SUCCESS<br \/>\nBUILT ON PASSION<br \/>\nPr\u00e9sidente de l\u2019ICE 2022-23 :<br \/>\nUne carri\u00e8re prosp\u00e8re, une<br \/>\ncarri\u00e8re \u00e0 c\u0153ur<\/p>\n<p>NAVIGATING INTELLIGENT<br \/>\nWATER SYSTEMS:<br \/>\nHEALTH, SAFETY,<br \/>\nAND RISK MITIGATION<br \/>\nUtilisation des<br \/>\nr\u00e9seaux d\u2019alimentation<br \/>\nen eau intelligents :<br \/>\nsant\u00e9, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et r<br \/>\n\u00e9duction des risques<\/p>\n<p>ARBITRATING<br \/>\n\u2018FAIR MARKET RENTAL\u2019<br \/>\nIN COMMERCIAL<br \/>\nRENT REVIEWS<br \/>\nArbitrage du<br \/>\n\u2039 juste loyer marchand \u203a<br \/>\ndans les examens de<br \/>\nlocation commerciale<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019INTUITION et son r\u00f4le dans<br \/>\nla m\u00e9thode de comparaison directe<\/p>\n<p>INTUITION and its role in<br \/>\nthe Direct Comparison Approach<\/p>\n<p>Immobili\u00e8re au Canada<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property<\/p>\n<p>Mobile,<br \/>\n iPad, iPhone <\/p>\n<p>versions<br \/>\nincluded!<\/p>\n<p>Versions pour<br \/>\nles appareils<br \/>\nmobiles, iPad <\/p>\n<p>et iPhone<br \/>\nincluses.<\/p>\n<p>Interactive<br \/>\nEdition<br \/>\navailable online<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9dition<br \/>\ninteractive<\/p>\n<p>Maintenant disponible<br \/>\nThe following AIC Members have passed away.<br \/>\nOn behalf of everyone connected with the<br \/>\nInstitute and the profession, we extend our<br \/>\nsincerest sympathies to their families, friends<br \/>\nand associates. <\/p>\n<p>Les membres suivants de l&rsquo;ICE sont d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9s.<br \/>\nAu nom de tous ceux qui oeuvrent de pr\u00e8s ou de<br \/>\nloin au sein de l\u2019Institut et de la profession, nous<br \/>\nexprimons nos plus sinc\u00e8res condol\u00e9ances \u00e0<br \/>\nleurs familles, amis et associ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>In Memoriam \/<br \/>\nEn m\u00e9moire<\/p>\n<p>Michel Colgan, AACI, P. App., Fellow<\/p>\n<p>Montreal, QC<\/p>\n<p>Charles J. L. Hardy, AACI, P. App., Fellow<\/p>\n<p>Halifax, NS<\/p>\n<p>Jayne M. Patterson, CRA, P.App<\/p>\n<p>Pickering, ON<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 4 \/ Tome 4 | 2022 53Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>mailto:paul.morassutti@cbre.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>DESIGNATIONS CANDIDATES STUDENTS \/ D\u00c9SIGNATIONS STAGIAIRES \u00c9TUDIANTS<\/p>\n<p>The Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC),<br \/>\ntogether with the provincial associations<br \/>\nand the provincial bodies affiliated with the<br \/>\nAIC, commend the following Members who<br \/>\ncompleted the rigorous requirements for<br \/>\naccreditation as a Designated Member<br \/>\nof the AIC during the period July 28 to<br \/>\nOctober 26, 2022:<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs (ICE), en<br \/>\ncollaboration avec les associations<br \/>\nprovinciales et les organismes provinciaux<br \/>\naffili\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019ICE, f\u00e9licitent les membres<br \/>\nsuivants qui ont compl\u00e9t\u00e9 le programme<br \/>\nrigoureux d\u2019accr\u00e9ditation \u00e0 titre de<br \/>\nmembre d\u00e9sign\u00e9 de l\u2019ICE durant la p\u00e9riode<br \/>\ndu du 28 juillet au 26 octobre 2022 :<\/p>\n<p>AIC designations granted \/ D\u00e9signations obtenues de l\u2019ICE<\/p>\n<p>AIC welcomed the following new Candidate members during the<br \/>\nperiod July 28 to October 26, 2022:<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ICE souhaite la bienvenue aux personnes suivantes qui ont joint les rangs des<br \/>\nmembres stagiaires durant la p\u00e9riode du 28 juillet au 26 octobre 2022 :<\/p>\n<p>AACI, P.App<br \/>\nAccredited Appraiser Canadian Institute<\/p>\n<p>Candidates \/ Stagiaires<\/p>\n<p>CRA, P.App<br \/>\nCanadian Residential Appraiser<\/p>\n<p>Alberta<br \/>\nJoachim (Joel) F. Mayer<\/p>\n<p>British Columbia \/Colombie-Britannique<br \/>\nConrad Mitchell MacDonald<br \/>\nMichelle Wang<br \/>\nAdrian A. Zaldivar<\/p>\n<p>Manitoba<br \/>\nTrent Michael Michalick<\/p>\n<p>Nova Scotia \/Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse<br \/>\nLuke Feetham<br \/>\nAnn Smith-Macquarrie<\/p>\n<p>Ontario<br \/>\nStephanie Bigelow<br \/>\nMichael Taylor Brown<br \/>\nJama Guled<br \/>\nTimour Petrov<br \/>\nNicholas Sergerie<br \/>\nWeiqing Shi<br \/>\nMateusz Sulek<br \/>\nAlisa Zorina<\/p>\n<p>Saskatchewan<br \/>\nDean McCartney-Fuchs<\/p>\n<p>British Columbia \/ Colombie-Britannique<br \/>\nFrank Braden Scott<\/p>\n<p>Ontario<br \/>\nMushtaq Khan<br \/>\nKen M. Stewart<br \/>\nAmanda Trifkovic<br \/>\nChi Fung Wong<\/p>\n<p>Alberta<br \/>\nDallas Buhler Airdrie<br \/>\nLina Guo<br \/>\nDougald Hughton<br \/>\nDiedre Mann<br \/>\nAndy Ohlmann<br \/>\nSimon Padilla-Proudfoot<br \/>\nBrett Pinsky<\/p>\n<p>British Columbia \/<br \/>\nColombie-Britannique<br \/>\nSahil Gupta<br \/>\nLiam MacIntosh<br \/>\nJosiah Pulst<br \/>\nKirstyn Wallace<br \/>\nQi Wang<br \/>\nVincent Wing Chung Wong<\/p>\n<p>New Brunswick \/<br \/>\nNouveau-Brunswick<br \/>\nRayna Geerts<\/p>\n<p>Ontario<br \/>\nYeva Adamova<br \/>\nSameer Amanali<br \/>\nJennifer Arnette<br \/>\nRobin Cleghorn<br \/>\nJoseph Crawford<br \/>\nSonia Dhand<br \/>\nKate Felber<br \/>\nKenneth Glasier<br \/>\nAlison Hewitt<br \/>\nAnna Hrynko<br \/>\nMeisam Khamsehzadeh<br \/>\nJames Lee<br \/>\nOlivia Megan Lee<br \/>\nAngela Lee<br \/>\nJamie Mills<br \/>\nPatrick Mueller<br \/>\nSarang Narula<br \/>\nMukeshkumar Patel<br \/>\nHilony Birenkumar Patel<br \/>\nJay Satishkumar Patel<\/p>\n<p>Alberta<br \/>\nHarsh Bagga<\/p>\n<p>British Columbia \/<br \/>\nColombie-Britannique<br \/>\nSarita Hartson<br \/>\nSeungjae Na<\/p>\n<p>Students \/ \u00c9tudiants<\/p>\n<p>This category of membership serves as the first step on the path to designation<br \/>\nfor those completing their requirements for Candidate membership. Students<br \/>\nconsidering the appraisal profession as a career option are also welcomed to this<br \/>\ncategory of membership.<\/p>\n<p>Cette cat\u00e9gorie d&rsquo;adh\u00e9sion constitue la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape sur la voie de la d\u00e9signation<br \/>\npour ceux qui s\u2019affairent \u00e0 compl\u00e9ter les exigences de la cat\u00e9gorie de membres<br \/>\nstagiaire. Les \u00e9tudiants qui contemplent une carri\u00e8re comme \u00e9valuateur<br \/>\nprofessionnel sont accueillis dans cette cat\u00e9gorie de membres.<\/p>\n<p>Joshua Peace<br \/>\nKamal Preet<br \/>\nMike Vincent Rocca<br \/>\nJordan Ryan Seguin<br \/>\nNehalkumar Shah Baden<br \/>\nMatt Smith<br \/>\nIshan Soni Ingersoll<br \/>\nLori Tenaglia<br \/>\nRobert Theodosiou<br \/>\nMaulik Vachhani<br \/>\nMichael Vaillant<br \/>\nPatrick Zhao<br \/>\nThomas Ziskos<\/p>\n<p>Quebec \/ Qu\u00e9bec<br \/>\nJacob Leguerrier<br \/>\nF\u00e9lix Mercier<\/p>\n<p>Manitoba<br \/>\nMatthew Loren Wiebe<\/p>\n<p>Ontario<br \/>\nHarnek Bains<br \/>\nKayleigh Coady<br \/>\nJatin Bhimjibhai Jasoliya<br \/>\nPravin Jeyaratnam<br \/>\nChristina Marie Jolliffe<br \/>\nTracy Malcolm<br \/>\nJaswinder S. Mann<br \/>\nMohit Saini<br \/>\nAnas Muhammad Saleh<br \/>\nAmandeep Sangha<br \/>\nMatt Takacs<\/p>\n<p>Quebec \/ Qu\u00e9bec<br \/>\nNathan Orfin<br \/>\nLisa Anne Tibbles<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re au Canada 54 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Proud professional liability<br \/>\ninsurance partner of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada<\/p>\n<p>Trisura Guarantee Insurance Company is a Canadian owned and operated Property and Casualty insurance company<br \/>\nspecializing in niche insurance and surety products. We are a proud supporter of the Insurance Brokers Association of Canada.<\/p>\n<p>File name: Canadian Property Valuation_8.25&#215;10.75 Client: TRISURA<\/p>\n<p>Size: Custom Created: February 15, 2022<\/p>\n<p>Trim: 8.25\u201d W x10.75\u201d H with .125\u201d bleed Modified: February 15, 2022 4:33 pm<\/p>\n<p>Colour Mode: CMYK Resolution: at least 300 DPI<\/p>\n<p>Trisura.com<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation_8.25&#215;10.75.indd   1Canadian Property Valuation_8.25&#215;10.75.indd   1 2022-02-15   4:33 PM2022-02-15   4:33 PM<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"MjFl1VsW2Y\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trisura.com\/\">Trisura: Tailor-Made Insurance &amp; Surety Solutions\u00a0<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Trisura: Tailor-Made Insurance &amp; Surety Solutions\u00a0&#8221; &#8212; Trisura\" src=\"https:\/\/www.trisura.com\/embed\/#?secret=vPflwv7W0M#?secret=MjFl1VsW2Y\" data-secret=\"MjFl1VsW2Y\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":104564,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":""},"class_list":["post-109556","issue","type-issue","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue\/109556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/issue"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/104564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}