{"id":30002,"date":"2014-03-26T02:49:36","date_gmt":"2014-03-26T06:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/cpv-issue\/2009-volume-53-book-1\/"},"modified":"2014-03-26T02:50:36","modified_gmt":"2014-03-25T22:50:36","slug":"2009-volume-53-tome-1","status":"publish","type":"issue","link":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/cpv-issue\/2009-volume-53-tome-1\/","title":{"rendered":"2009 &#8211; Volume 53 &#8211; Tome 1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>REAL VALUE EXPERTS  |  EXPERTS EN \u00c9VALUATION<\/p>\n<p>Going \u2018green\u2019<br \/>\nExpropriation and the<br \/>\npartial taking appraisal<\/p>\n<p>PM<br \/>\n #<\/p>\n<p>40<br \/>\n00<\/p>\n<p>82<br \/>\n49<\/p>\n<p>  R<br \/>\net<\/p>\n<p>ur<br \/>\nn <\/p>\n<p>un<br \/>\nde<\/p>\n<p>liv<br \/>\ner<\/p>\n<p>ab<br \/>\nle<\/p>\n<p> C<br \/>\nan<\/p>\n<p>ad<br \/>\nia<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nAd<\/p>\n<p>dr<br \/>\nes<\/p>\n<p>se<br \/>\ns <\/p>\n<p>to<br \/>\n:  <\/p>\n<p>Ap<br \/>\npr<\/p>\n<p>ai<br \/>\nsa<\/p>\n<p>l I<br \/>\nns<\/p>\n<p>tit<br \/>\nut<\/p>\n<p>e<br \/>\nof<\/p>\n<p> C<br \/>\nan<\/p>\n<p>ad<br \/>\na,<\/p>\n<p> 4<br \/>\n03<\/p>\n<p>-2<br \/>\n00<\/p>\n<p> C<br \/>\nat<\/p>\n<p>he<br \/>\nrin<\/p>\n<p>e<br \/>\nSt<\/p>\n<p>.,<br \/>\nO<\/p>\n<p>tta<br \/>\nwa<\/p>\n<p>, O<br \/>\nN <\/p>\n<p> K<br \/>\n2P<\/p>\n<p> 2<br \/>\nK9<\/p>\n<p>. E<br \/>\nm<\/p>\n<p>ai<br \/>\nl: <\/p>\n<p>in<br \/>\nfo<\/p>\n<p>@<br \/>\nai<\/p>\n<p>ca<br \/>\nna<\/p>\n<p>da<br \/>\n.c<\/p>\n<p>a<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property<\/p>\n<p>VALUATION \u00c9VALUATION<br \/>\n Immobili\u00e8re au Canada<\/p>\n<p>VOLUME  53  |  BOOK 1  |  2009THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE APPRAISAL INSTITUTE OF CANADA<\/p>\n<p>expertise<br \/>\nCanadian<br \/>\nvaluation<\/p>\n<p>in world\u2019s<br \/>\npoorest country<\/p>\n<p>Sierra Leone<\/p>\n<p>AppraisersChoice.com Call Now 800-234-8727 <\/p>\n<p>Announcing CRAL2009\u2122<br \/>\nUpgrade to the Latest Release from the Industry Leader for Over 30-Years<\/p>\n<p>DESK-to-DOOR\u2122 Service<br \/>\nIncluded with ALL Purchases<br \/>\nAn ACI Desk-to-Door\u2122 Implementation Specialist is<br \/>\nat your service and available to walk you through<br \/>\nthe set-up process to ensure your system is ready<br \/>\nwhen you are.<\/p>\n<p>A process so smooth and effortless will leave you<br \/>\nwondering why you didn\u2019t switch to ACI sooner.<\/p>\n<p>ACI and its products are trademarks or registered trademarks of ACI. | Copyright \u00a9 2009 ACI | Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.<\/p>\n<p>CRAL2009\u2122 offers best-of-breed tracking, forms, digital photo imaging, comps database<br \/>\nmanagement, integrated sketching, and mobile software. <\/p>\n<p>Simple enough for a new user but powerful enough for the largest appraisal companies and<br \/>\nfinancial institutions in Canada. CRAL is used by thousands of appraisal companies<br \/>\nthroughout Canada who continue to help drive its unrivaled feature set. <\/p>\n<p>CRAL2009\u2122 Highlights<br \/>\nNew Features<\/p>\n<p>Power Toolbar \u203a<br \/>\nHelp Contents \u203a<br \/>\nComp Side-by-Side View \u203a<br \/>\nVertical Split View \u203a<br \/>\nFull Addendum Editing \u203a<br \/>\nACISketch\u2122 \u203a<br \/>\nMapPoint Updates \u203a<br \/>\nGeolocator Support \u203a<br \/>\nPDF Printing \u203a<br \/>\nSystem Utility Updates \u203a<br \/>\nUpdated Website \u203a<\/p>\n<p>New Forms<br \/>\nERC 2003 Form \u203a<br \/>\nUSPAP 2006  \u203a<br \/>\nCompliance Addendum<br \/>\nUpdated AIC Full  \u203a<br \/>\nAppraisal<br \/>\nUpdated CERC 2002 Form \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Learn More about CRAL2009\u2122<br \/>\nVisit AppraisersChoice.com and learn more<br \/>\nabout the new features in CRAL2009\u2122<\/p>\n<p>Online Training Sessions \u203a<\/p>\n<p>inMOTION Videos \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Tech Doc Library \u203a<\/p>\n<p>ACI Forum \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Compliance Corner Blog   \u203a<br \/>\nfeaturing Rich Heyn, SRA,<br \/>\nDirector of Compliance<\/p>\n<p>The Premier Appraisal Software<\/p>\n<p>COACH<\/p>\n<p>CONFIGURE<br \/>\nCONSULT Directly from Our Desk to Yours  \u203a<\/p>\n<p>System Configuration \u203a<br \/>\nWe Train Your Staff \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Package Includes <\/p>\n<p>One CRAL Install including:   \u203a<br \/>\nAppraisal Forms Library, Order Tracking,<br \/>\nPhoto Management, and Comps Database<\/p>\n<p>New! \u203a  ACI Sketch\u2122<\/p>\n<p>Digital Signature (One) \u203a<\/p>\n<p>MapPoint (One Year) \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Free PDF Creator \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Premier Plus Service (One Year)   \u203a<br \/>\nIncludes Support &#038; Updates<\/p>\n<p>Desk-to-Door\u2122 Service \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Visit AppraisersChoice.com or call<br \/>\n800-234-8727 to request your free demo.<\/p>\n<p>*  Payable in US Dollars<\/p>\n<p>Limited Time Offer<\/p>\n<p>CRAL2009\u2122 $495*<\/p>\n<p>Form300  10\/08<\/p>\n<p>C<br \/>\nR<\/p>\n<p>A<br \/>\nL<\/p>\n<p> C<br \/>\nollection for W<\/p>\n<p>indow<br \/>\ns<\/p>\n<p>80<br \/>\n0<\/p>\n<p>-234-8727<\/p>\n<p>24 Old Kings Road North<br \/>\nPalm Coast, Florida 32137t 800-234-8727 f 386-246-3811AppraisersChoice.com<\/p>\n<p>THE APPRAISER\u2019S CHOICE\u2122<\/p>\n<p>THE APPRAISER\u2019S CHOICE\u2122<\/p>\n<p>CRAL2009\u2122 Collection for Windows<\/p>\n<p>A<br \/>\np<\/p>\n<p>p<br \/>\nraisersC<\/p>\n<p>ho<br \/>\nice.co<\/p>\n<p>m<\/p>\n<p>ACI Sketch\u2122<br \/>\nPowerful Floorplan Technology<br \/>\nSimple to use with a minimal<br \/>\nlearning curve and<br \/>\nintuitive features like:<\/p>\n<p>Online Help \u203a<br \/>\nTape Measure Tool \u203a<br \/>\nFeet &#038; Inches \u203a<br \/>\nLabels \u203a<br \/>\nSymbols \u203a<br \/>\nArcs \u203a<br \/>\nCopy &#038; Paste \u203a<\/p>\n<p>\u201cACI Sketch\u2122 is one of the best new<br \/>\nproducts to increase efficiency for <\/p>\n<p>appraisers. We use it in the office and on<br \/>\nour tablet PCs in the field, both with great <\/p>\n<p>success. We are particularly impressed<br \/>\nwith the free-form approach that ACI<br \/>\nSketch\u2122 brings to creating floorplans.\u201d<br \/>\nJay Delich, President of Arizona Appraisal, LLC<\/p>\n<p>$99*<br \/>\nIncludes CRAL Integration<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.appraiserchoice.com<\/p>\n<p>AppraisersChoice.com Call Now 800-234-8727 <\/p>\n<p>Announcing CRAL2009\u2122<br \/>\nUpgrade to the Latest Release from the Industry Leader for Over 30-Years<\/p>\n<p>DESK-to-DOOR\u2122 Service<br \/>\nIncluded with ALL Purchases<br \/>\nAn ACI Desk-to-Door\u2122 Implementation Specialist is<br \/>\nat your service and available to walk you through<br \/>\nthe set-up process to ensure your system is ready<br \/>\nwhen you are.<\/p>\n<p>A process so smooth and effortless will leave you<br \/>\nwondering why you didn\u2019t switch to ACI sooner.<\/p>\n<p>ACI and its products are trademarks or registered trademarks of ACI. | Copyright \u00a9 2009 ACI | Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.<\/p>\n<p>CRAL2009\u2122 offers best-of-breed tracking, forms, digital photo imaging, comps database<br \/>\nmanagement, integrated sketching, and mobile software. <\/p>\n<p>Simple enough for a new user but powerful enough for the largest appraisal companies and<br \/>\nfinancial institutions in Canada. CRAL is used by thousands of appraisal companies<br \/>\nthroughout Canada who continue to help drive its unrivaled feature set. <\/p>\n<p>CRAL2009\u2122 Highlights<br \/>\nNew Features<\/p>\n<p>Power Toolbar \u203a<br \/>\nHelp Contents \u203a<br \/>\nComp Side-by-Side View \u203a<br \/>\nVertical Split View \u203a<br \/>\nFull Addendum Editing \u203a<br \/>\nACISketch\u2122 \u203a<br \/>\nMapPoint Updates \u203a<br \/>\nGeolocator Support \u203a<br \/>\nPDF Printing \u203a<br \/>\nSystem Utility Updates \u203a<br \/>\nUpdated Website \u203a<\/p>\n<p>New Forms<br \/>\nERC 2003 Form \u203a<br \/>\nUSPAP 2006  \u203a<br \/>\nCompliance Addendum<br \/>\nUpdated AIC Full  \u203a<br \/>\nAppraisal<br \/>\nUpdated CERC 2002 Form \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Learn More about CRAL2009\u2122<br \/>\nVisit AppraisersChoice.com and learn more<br \/>\nabout the new features in CRAL2009\u2122<\/p>\n<p>Online Training Sessions \u203a<\/p>\n<p>inMOTION Videos \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Tech Doc Library \u203a<\/p>\n<p>ACI Forum \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Compliance Corner Blog   \u203a<br \/>\nfeaturing Rich Heyn, SRA,<br \/>\nDirector of Compliance<\/p>\n<p>The Premier Appraisal Software<\/p>\n<p>COACH<\/p>\n<p>CONFIGURE<br \/>\nCONSULT Directly from Our Desk to Yours  \u203a<\/p>\n<p>System Configuration \u203a<br \/>\nWe Train Your Staff \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Package Includes <\/p>\n<p>One CRAL Install including:   \u203a<br \/>\nAppraisal Forms Library, Order Tracking,<br \/>\nPhoto Management, and Comps Database<\/p>\n<p>New! \u203a  ACI Sketch\u2122<\/p>\n<p>Digital Signature (One) \u203a<\/p>\n<p>MapPoint (One Year) \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Free PDF Creator \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Premier Plus Service (One Year)   \u203a<br \/>\nIncludes Support &#038; Updates<\/p>\n<p>Desk-to-Door\u2122 Service \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Visit AppraisersChoice.com or call<br \/>\n800-234-8727 to request your free demo.<\/p>\n<p>*  Payable in US Dollars<\/p>\n<p>Limited Time Offer<\/p>\n<p>CRAL2009\u2122 $495*<\/p>\n<p>Form300  10\/08<\/p>\n<p>C<br \/>\nR<\/p>\n<p>A<br \/>\nL<\/p>\n<p> C<br \/>\nollection for W<\/p>\n<p>indow<br \/>\ns<\/p>\n<p>80<br \/>\n0<\/p>\n<p>-234-8727<\/p>\n<p>24 Old Kings Road North<br \/>\nPalm Coast, Florida 32137t 800-234-8727 f 386-246-3811AppraisersChoice.com<\/p>\n<p>THE APPRAISER\u2019S CHOICE\u2122<\/p>\n<p>THE APPRAISER\u2019S CHOICE\u2122<\/p>\n<p>CRAL2009\u2122 Collection for Windows<\/p>\n<p>A<br \/>\np<\/p>\n<p>p<br \/>\nraisersC<\/p>\n<p>ho<br \/>\nice.co<\/p>\n<p>m<\/p>\n<p>ACI Sketch\u2122<br \/>\nPowerful Floorplan Technology<br \/>\nSimple to use with a minimal<br \/>\nlearning curve and<br \/>\nintuitive features like:<\/p>\n<p>Online Help \u203a<br \/>\nTape Measure Tool \u203a<br \/>\nFeet &#038; Inches \u203a<br \/>\nLabels \u203a<br \/>\nSymbols \u203a<br \/>\nArcs \u203a<br \/>\nCopy &#038; Paste \u203a<\/p>\n<p>\u201cACI Sketch\u2122 is one of the best new<br \/>\nproducts to increase efficiency for <\/p>\n<p>appraisers. We use it in the office and on<br \/>\nour tablet PCs in the field, both with great <\/p>\n<p>success. We are particularly impressed<br \/>\nwith the free-form approach that ACI<br \/>\nSketch\u2122 brings to creating floorplans.\u201d<br \/>\nJay Delich, President of Arizona Appraisal, LLC<\/p>\n<p>$99*<br \/>\nIncludes CRAL Integration<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.appraiserchoice.com<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada4<\/p>\n<p>6 An overview<br \/>\nof the work<br \/>\ndone to date<\/p>\n<p>8 Un aper\u00e7u de<br \/>\nce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\naccompli<br \/>\njusqu\u2019\u00e0<br \/>\npr\u00e9sent<\/p>\n<p>10 Adapting your career to<br \/>\na changing market<\/p>\n<p>11 Adapter<br \/>\nvotre carri\u00e8re \u00e0<br \/>\nun march\u00e9 en<br \/>\n\u00e9volution<\/p>\n<p>14 AACI (Hon)<br \/>\nMembers recognized for<br \/>\noutstanding contributions to<br \/>\nprofession<\/p>\n<p>16 Multiple uses<br \/>\nand multiple reliances<\/p>\n<p>18 Primer on International<br \/>\nValuation Standards \u2013 Part 2<\/p>\n<p>22 Co-signing means accepting full<br \/>\nresponsibility<\/p>\n<p>24 AIC 2009 Conference\/ICE 2009<br \/>\nConf\u00e9rence<\/p>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>403-200 Catherine Street,<br \/>\nOttawa, ON  K2P 2K9 <\/p>\n<p>Phone: (613) 234-6533 Fax: (613) 234-7197<br \/>\nWeb site: www.aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Contact us at: info@aicanada.ca <\/p>\n<p>Board of Directors<br \/>\nConseil d\u2019administration<\/p>\n<p>President \u2013 Pr\u00e9sident<br \/>\nGeorge Maurice, AACI, P. App., Ontario<\/p>\n<p>President Elect \u2013 Pr\u00e9sident d\u00e9sign\u00e9<br \/>\nSheila Young, AACI, P. App., Alberta<\/p>\n<p>Immediate Past-president \u2013<br \/>\nPr\u00e9sident sortant<\/p>\n<p>Gordon Tomiuk, AACI, P. App., Fellow, Manitoba<\/p>\n<p>Vice-Presidents \u2013 Vice-pr\u00e9sidents<br \/>\nCraig Soderquist, AACI, P. App., Alberta<\/p>\n<p>Grant Uba, AACI, P. App., Ontario<\/p>\n<p>Directors \u2013 Directeurs<br \/>\nGerald McCoombs, AACI, P. App., New Brunswick <\/p>\n<p>Paul Olscamp, AACI, P. App., Fellow, Prince Edward Island<br \/>\nBeverley Girvan, AACI, P. App., Nova Scotia<\/p>\n<p>Michel Colgan, AACI, P. App., Qu\u00e9bec<br \/>\nJohn Yannacopoulos, AACI, P. App., British Columbia<\/p>\n<p>George Ward, AACI, P. App., British Columbia<br \/>\nKimberly Maber, AACI, P. App., Saskatchewan<\/p>\n<p>Michael Mendela, AACI, P. App., Ontario<br \/>\nGregory Bennett, AACI, P. App., Newfoundland &#038; Labrador <\/p>\n<p>Chief Executive Officer<br \/>\nGeorges Lozano, MPA, Ottawa<\/p>\n<p>Director of Marketing &#038; Communications<br \/>\nJoanne Charlebois, Ottawa<\/p>\n<p>Managing Editor \u2013<br \/>\nR\u00e9dacteur administratif<\/p>\n<p>Craig Kelman, Winnipeg<\/p>\n<p>Assistant Editor \u2013<br \/>\nR\u00e9dacteur en chef adjoint<\/p>\n<p>Cheryl Parisien, Winnipeg<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Board<br \/>\nAIC would like to thank the following  <\/p>\n<p>individuals for their assistance and support:<br \/>\nGrant Uba, AACI, P. App. \u2013 Chair<\/p>\n<p>John Peebles, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nAndr\u00e9 Beaudoin, CRA<\/p>\n<p>David Lopatka, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nJoanne Hayes,  AACI, P. App<\/p>\n<p>Jane Londerville, B.Sc., M.B.A.,<br \/>\nAssociate Professor, University of Guelph<\/p>\n<p>Publication management, design and production by:<\/p>\n<p>The articles printed in this issue represent authors\u2019 opinions only and are not neces-<br \/>\nsarily endorsed by the APPRAISAL InSTITUTe OF CAnADA. Copyright 2009 by the<br \/>\nAPPRAISAL InSTITUTe OF CAnADA. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or<br \/>\nin part without written permission is strictly prohibited. Subscription, $40.00 per<br \/>\nyear. Printed in Canada. Les articles imprim\u00e9s dans ce num\u00e9ro ne rep\u00e9sentent que<br \/>\nl\u2019opinion de leur auteur respectif, mais ne sont pas n\u00e9ces\u2013sairement endoss\u00e9s par<br \/>\nL\u2019InSTITUT CAnADIen DeS \u00c9vALUATeURS. Tous droits reserv\u00e9s 2008 par L\u2019InSTITUT<br \/>\nCAnADIen DeS \u00c9vALUATeURS. La reproduction totale ou partielle sous quelque form<br \/>\nque se soit sans authorisation \u00e9crite est absolument interdite. Abonnement $40.00<br \/>\npar ann\u00e9e. Imprim\u00e9 au Canada.<\/p>\n<p>Indexed in the Canadian Business Index and available on-line in the Canadian<br \/>\nBusiness &#038; Current Affairs database.<\/p>\n<p>ISSN 0827-2697<\/p>\n<p>3rd Floor \u2013 2020 Portage Avenue<br \/>\nWinnipeg, MB R3J 0K4<\/p>\n<p>Phone: 866-985-9780 \u2022 Fax: 866-985-9799<br \/>\nE-mail: info@kelman.ca \u2022 Web: www.kelman.ca<\/p>\n<p>Design\/Layout: Tracy Toutant<br \/>\nAdvertising Manager: Kris Fillion<\/p>\n<p>Advertising Co-ordinator: Lauren Campbell<\/p>\n<p>Publication Mails Agreement #40008249.<br \/>\nReturn undeliverable Canadian addresses to: Appraisal Institute of Canada,<br \/>\n403-200 Catherine St., Ottawa, On  K2P 2K9. email: info@aicanada.ca <\/p>\n<p>Published by the<br \/>\nVolume 53, book 1, 2009<\/p>\n<p>Contents<\/p>\n<p>Do your part for the environment \u2013 reuse and recycle.<\/p>\n<p>26 Independent adjudication<\/p>\n<p>27 Where is the marketing?<\/p>\n<p>28 Dealing with fraud<\/p>\n<p>29 AIC\u2019s Peer Review Project<\/p>\n<p>30   How to measure<br \/>\nand calculate<br \/>\nresidential square<br \/>\nfootage<\/p>\n<p>32   UBC webinars bring the<br \/>\nclassroom to you<\/p>\n<p>34 Experience is a<br \/>\nkey element in exam success<\/p>\n<p>35 Going \u2018green\u2019<\/p>\n<p>38   Canadian valuation<br \/>\nexpertise assists municipalities<br \/>\nin world\u2019s<br \/>\npoorest<br \/>\ncountry<\/p>\n<p>40   Expropriation<br \/>\nand the<br \/>\npartial taking<br \/>\nappraisal<\/p>\n<p>44 Designations\/<br \/>\nCandidates\/<br \/>\nStudents<\/p>\n<p>45 News<\/p>\n<p>46 Calendar of Events<\/p>\n<p>46   Advertiser Information Centre<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"q6dn8922xN\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/\">Home<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Home&#8221; &#8212; Appraisal Institute of Canada\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/embed\/#?secret=XQwmrRvm5l#?secret=q6dn8922xN\" data-secret=\"q6dn8922xN\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nmailto:info@aicanada.ca<br \/>\nmailto:info@aicanada.ca<br \/>\nmailto:info@kelman.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.kelman.ca<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.abound.ca<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada6<\/p>\n<p>elcome to 2009. Although I am<br \/>\nalready halfway through my<br \/>\nterm as president, I have to say <\/p>\n<p>that the time has passed quickly with the many<br \/>\nactivities and projects that the Appraisal Institute<br \/>\nof Canada (AIC) is undertaking. In the process,<br \/>\nI have learned quite a bit, not only about being<br \/>\npresident, but also about the profession as it is<br \/>\nbeing practiced across Canada. What I see is great<br \/>\npotential for the next generation of appraisers,<br \/>\nbut also for today\u2019s members who take advantage<br \/>\nof the resources available to generate new oppor-<br \/>\ntunities for themselves. Hopefully, my tenure will<br \/>\nhave added value to the Institute in its quest to<br \/>\nbetter serve the membership.<\/p>\n<p>At the outset of my term, I set as one of my<br \/>\nobjectives to help ensure that our strategic plan<br \/>\ncontinues to be acted upon in a positive fashion.<br \/>\nPromoting our profession and AIC members is<br \/>\nat the forefront of that plan and I have focused<br \/>\non enhancing that process by representing AIC<br \/>\nmembers as best I can. In this respect, let me give<br \/>\nyou an overview of the work that has been done<br \/>\nto date.<\/p>\n<p>Management<br \/>\nIn the area of management, a lot of work has<br \/>\nbeen accomplished and more is currently<br \/>\nunderway to improve the way the AIC oper-<br \/>\nates. In particular, the bylaws and regulations of<br \/>\nthe Institute are being reviewed and revised to<br \/>\nensure that they are consistent with the Insti-<br \/>\ntute\u2019s programs and that they meet the needs<br \/>\nof the organization. In an effort to improve the<br \/>\ncooperation and collaboration with provincial<br \/>\nassociations, a draft affiliation agreement has <\/p>\n<p>been prepared and is currently being reviewed by<br \/>\nthe provinces. As the body accountable to mem-<br \/>\nbers, the Board of Directors recently approved a<br \/>\nset of policies and a code of conduct to ensure<br \/>\nthat it serves the membership well.<\/p>\n<p>Communications<br \/>\nIn the area of communications, I have conferred<br \/>\nwith my fellow Board members through<br \/>\nmonthly conference calls. Further, the Executive<br \/>\nCommittee has held web conference meetings<br \/>\non a monthly basis to discuss emerging issues.<br \/>\nThe use of web conferencing has proven<br \/>\nto be very cost effective and it has been<br \/>\nrecommended to other committees of the<br \/>\nInstitute.<\/p>\n<p>Over the past months, a number of issues<br \/>\nhave arisen that have required special attention.<br \/>\nAmong them, concern by the membership<br \/>\nabout the increasing use of appraisal<br \/>\nmanagement companies by banks has resulted<br \/>\nin the establishment of a special task force to<br \/>\nlook into the matter. In this respect, I recently<br \/>\nmet with the mortgage lending divisions of<br \/>\nthe major banks and addressed this issue and<br \/>\nother concerns. It was pointed out to the lenders<br \/>\nthat, as a professional association, the Institute <\/p>\n<p>George Maurice<br \/>\nAACI, P. App., AIC President<\/p>\n<p>W<\/p>\n<p>An overview of the<br \/>\nwork done to date<\/p>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>President\u2019s messAge<\/p>\n<p>is focused on quality and is prepared to work<br \/>\nwith stakeholders in this respect. Another task<br \/>\nforce has been created to review designation<br \/>\nrequirements for CRAs. An area of concern has<br \/>\nbeen fraud and both the Institute and the banks<br \/>\nare interested in doing what they can to mitigate<br \/>\nits occurrence. As such, last fall I participated<br \/>\nin a discussion panel hosted by CAAMP which<br \/>\nfocused on fraud and related issues.<\/p>\n<p>Professional Affairs<br \/>\nIn the area of professional affairs, some new<br \/>\nprograms are being studied, with the aim of<br \/>\nensuring the continuing competence of our<br \/>\nmembers. In particular, a peer review program<br \/>\nis being pilot tested, with the view that it can<br \/>\nprovide a valuable resource for members to<br \/>\nreceive constructive criticism about their reports.<br \/>\nOther continuing professional development<br \/>\nresources are being studied based on identified<br \/>\nneeds to help members in specific areas of<br \/>\npractice.<\/p>\n<p>Association Relations<br \/>\nIn the area of association relations, I have been<br \/>\nquite busy meeting with the leadership of the<br \/>\nprovincial associations, discussing issues of <\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat I see is great potential for the next generation<br \/>\nof appraisers, but also for today\u2019s members who take <\/p>\n<p>advantage of the resources available to generate<br \/>\nnew opportunities for themselves.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 7<\/p>\n<p>mutual interest and concern and looking at ways<br \/>\nto improve collaboration among all the associa-<br \/>\ntions. Our working relationship with the OEAQ in<br \/>\nQu\u00e9bec has strengthened, especially through the<br \/>\nproject that is currently underway to harmonize<br \/>\nthe Institute\u2019s practice standards with those of the<br \/>\nOrdre. This work has provided an opportunity for<br \/>\nthe two organizations to exchange ideas and will<br \/>\nno doubt lead to further collaborative work.  <\/p>\n<p>International Liaison<br \/>\nIn the area of international liaison, I have<br \/>\nbeen proud to represent the Institute at a<br \/>\nnumber of key events, including the Pan Pacific<br \/>\nConference last fall, and at meetings of our sister<br \/>\norganizations in the United States. This liaison<br \/>\nhas been especially beneficial at a time when<br \/>\neconomic conditions are having an impact on<br \/>\nthe profession on both sides of the border.<\/p>\n<p>Much of the work that I have described has<br \/>\nbeen accomplished largely through teamwork<br \/>\nat all levels. In this respect, I consider myself<br \/>\nlucky to have an extremely capable Executive<br \/>\nCommittee, which works closely together to<br \/>\nprovide direction to AIC on an ongoing basis.<br \/>\nWe are also fortunate to have an engaged Board<br \/>\nof Directors that has a good combination of<br \/>\nveterans and new members to ensure that the<br \/>\nright questions are being asked and addressed.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to the Board (all volunteers),<br \/>\nthe Institute particularly benefits from what I<br \/>\nconsider an elite staff of dedicated employees.<br \/>\nHeaded and guided by Georges Lozano, these<br \/>\npeople ensure that we remain the number one<br \/>\nappraisal organization, not just in Canada, but<br \/>\nworldwide. The respect and admiration of AIC,<br \/>\nexpressed by representatives of sister institutes, <\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe respect and<br \/>\nadmiration of <\/p>\n<p>AIC, expressed by<br \/>\nrepresentatives of sister<br \/>\ninstitutes, is universal.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>is universal. This is due to the untiring efforts<br \/>\nof  a Board strongly supported by a competent<br \/>\nstaff working diligently to provide input and<br \/>\neffectively implement Board decisions. <\/p>\n<p>Over the next few months, I will be working<br \/>\nhard on reaching some conclusions on issues<br \/>\nof importance, including strategies to meet<br \/>\nour membership growth targets, strategic<br \/>\npartnering on issues of prime importance,<br \/>\nand continuing to shape and reposition the<br \/>\nmembership profile to ensure that future market <\/p>\n<p>needs are met successfully by AIC members.<br \/>\nFinally, I would like to say a few words about <\/p>\n<p>the upcoming annual conference which takes<br \/>\nplace in Mont Tremblant, Qu\u00e9bec, May 26-29.<br \/>\nFrom the looks of things so far, a very good<br \/>\nturnout is expected, including AIC and OEAQ<br \/>\nmembers. We have a solid technical program<br \/>\nshaping up, with great speakers covering timely<br \/>\ntopics and engaging in lively debates. I certainly<br \/>\nhope you will make a point of attending and I<br \/>\nlook forward to seeing you there.  <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada8<\/p>\n<p>George Maurice<br \/>\nAACI, P. App., Pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019ICE<\/p>\n<p>messAge du Pr\u00e9sident<\/p>\n<p>\u00e9j\u00e0 2009! Bien que mon mandat<br \/>\ncomme pr\u00e9sident soit d\u00e9j\u00e0 mi-\u00e9coul\u00e9,<br \/>\nje dois dire que je n\u2019ai pas vu le temps <\/p>\n<p>passer avec toutes les activit\u00e9s et les projets sur<br \/>\nlesquels travaille l\u2019Institut. En cours de route, j\u2019ai<br \/>\nbeaucoup appris, non seulement au sujet de mon<br \/>\nposte de pr\u00e9sident, mais \u00e9galement au sujet de<br \/>\nla profession et de sa pratique \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du pays.<br \/>\nJe vois un \u00e9norme potentiel  pour la prochaine<br \/>\ng\u00e9n\u00e9ration d\u2019\u00e9valuateurs et pour les membres<br \/>\nd\u2019aujourd\u2019hui qui profitent des ressources<br \/>\ndisponibles pour cr\u00e9er de nouvelles occasions.<br \/>\nJ\u2019esp\u00e8re bien avoir contribu\u00e9 une certaine valeur<br \/>\n\u00e0 l\u2019organisation dans sa poursuite de l\u2019objectif de<br \/>\nmieux servir ses membres. <\/p>\n<p>Lors de mon entr\u00e9e en fonctions, je me suis<br \/>\nfix\u00e9 comme objectif d\u2019assurer que la mise en<br \/>\n\u0153uvre du plan strat\u00e9gique se poursuive de fa\u00e7on<br \/>\npositive. La promotion de notre profession et<br \/>\ndes membres de l\u2019ICE est l\u2019une des priorit\u00e9s de<br \/>\nce plan et j\u2019ai concentr\u00e9 sur l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de ce<br \/>\nprocessus en repr\u00e9sentant de mon mieux les<br \/>\nmembres de l\u2019ICE. \u00c0 ce chapitre, permettez-<br \/>\nmoi de vous donner un aper\u00e7u de ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\naccompli jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent. <\/p>\n<p>Gestion<br \/>\nDans le domaine de la gestion, beaucoup d\u2019efforts<br \/>\nont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s pour am\u00e9liorer l\u2019exploitation de<br \/>\nl\u2019Institut et ces travaux se poursuivent toujours au<br \/>\nmoment d\u2019\u00e9crire ces lignes. Tout particuli\u00e8rement,<br \/>\nles statuts et les r\u00e8glements de l\u2019Institut font<br \/>\nl\u2019objet d\u2019un examen et de r\u00e9visions pour assurer<br \/>\nleur pertinence aux programmes de l\u2019Institut et<br \/>\nqu\u2019ils r\u00e9pondent aux besoins de l\u2019organisation.<br \/>\nDans un effort pour am\u00e9liorer la collaboration <\/p>\n<p>avec les associations provinciales, l\u2019\u00e9bauche<br \/>\nd\u2019une entente d\u2019affiliation a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9e \u00e0 des<br \/>\nfins d\u2019examen par les provinces. Imputable \u00e0<br \/>\nl\u2019endroit des membres de l\u2019Institut, le conseil<br \/>\nd\u2019administration a r\u00e9cemment approuv\u00e9 un<br \/>\nensemble de politiques et un code de d\u00e9ontologie<br \/>\nqui servent tr\u00e8s bien les membres. <\/p>\n<p>Communications<br \/>\nAu chapitre des communications, j\u2019ai consult\u00e9 mes<br \/>\ncoll\u00e8gues du conseil par le biais de conf\u00e9rences<br \/>\nt\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques mensuelles. Par ailleurs, le Comit\u00e9<br \/>\nex\u00e9cutif a tenu des conf\u00e9rences sur le Web tous les<br \/>\nmois pour discuter les questions \u00e9mergentes. Les<br \/>\nconf\u00e9rences sur le Web se sont av\u00e9r\u00e9es un outil<br \/>\nefficace par rapport aux co\u00fbts et ont \u00e9t\u00e9 recom-<br \/>\nmand\u00e9es aux autres comit\u00e9s de l\u2019Institut. <\/p>\n<p>Questions ont suscit\u00e9<br \/>\nune attention particuli\u00e8re<br \/>\nAu cours des derniers mois, un certain<br \/>\nnombre de questions ont suscit\u00e9 une<br \/>\nattention particuli\u00e8re. Entre autres choses,<br \/>\nla pr\u00e9occupation des membres au sujet de<br \/>\nl\u2019utilisation, par les banques, de compagnies<br \/>\nde gestion en \u00e9valuation qui a r\u00e9sult\u00e9 en la<br \/>\ncr\u00e9ation d\u2019un groupe de travail sp\u00e9cial charg\u00e9<br \/>\nde faire enqu\u00eate. Sur ce point, je me suis r\u00e9uni<br \/>\nr\u00e9cemment avec les dirigeants de la division<br \/>\ndes pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires des principales<br \/>\nbanques pour discuter la question et d\u2019autres<br \/>\npr\u00e9occupations, tout en soulignant aux pr\u00eateurs<br \/>\nqu\u2019\u00e0 titre d\u2019organisation professionnelle,<br \/>\nl\u2019Institut concentre sur la qualit\u00e9 et est dispos\u00e9<br \/>\n\u00e0 collaborer avec les intervenants \u00e0 ce niveau.<br \/>\nUn autre groupe de travail a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 pour revoir<br \/>\nles exigences menant au titre CRA. La fraude<br \/>\nest l\u2019un des principaux sujets d\u2019inqui\u00e9tude et<br \/>\nl\u2019Institut et les banques veulent faire tout en<br \/>\nleur possible pour att\u00e9nuer la situation. Ainsi, j\u2019ai<br \/>\nparticip\u00e9 \u00e0 une discussion de groupe organis\u00e9e<br \/>\npar l\u2019ACCHA l\u2019automne dernier et portant sur la<br \/>\nfraude et les questions connexes. <\/p>\n<p>Affaires professionnelles<br \/>\nDans le secteur des affaires professionnelles,<br \/>\nde nouveaux programmes sont sous \u00e9tude<br \/>\navec, comme objectif, d\u2019assurer le maintien des<br \/>\ncomp\u00e9tences de nos membres. En particulier,<br \/>\nun programme d\u2019examen par les pairs est sous<br \/>\nessai pour d\u00e9terminer s\u2019il peut servir de ressource<br \/>\nimportante et \u00e0 la critique constructive des<br \/>\nrapports des membres. D\u2019autres ressources de<br \/>\nperfectionnement professionnel continu sont <\/p>\n<p>D<\/p>\n<p>un aper\u00e7u de ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\naccompli jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab Je vois un \u00e9norme<br \/>\npotentiel  pour la <\/p>\n<p>prochaine g\u00e9n\u00e9ration<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuateurs et <\/p>\n<p>pour les membres<br \/>\nd\u2019aujourd\u2019hui <\/p>\n<p>qui profitent des<br \/>\nressources  <\/p>\n<p>disponibles pour<br \/>\ncr\u00e9er de nouvelles <\/p>\n<p>occasions. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 9<\/p>\n<p>aussi \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude et prennent appui sur les besoins<br \/>\nidentifi\u00e9s pour aider les membres \u00e0 certains<br \/>\nniveaux sp\u00e9cifiques de leur pratique. <\/p>\n<p>Relations avec les associations<br \/>\nAu niveau des relations avec les associations,<br \/>\nj\u2019ai \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s occup\u00e9 \u00e0 rencontrer la direction<br \/>\ndes associations provinciales pour discuter les<br \/>\nsujets d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat mutuel, les pr\u00e9occupations et<br \/>\nles solutions visant \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la collaboration<br \/>\nentre toutes les associations. Notre relation de<br \/>\ntravail avec l\u2019OEAQ au Qu\u00e9bec s\u2019est raffermie,<br \/>\nsurtout via le projet en cours d\u2019harmonisation<br \/>\ndes normes de pratique de l\u2019Institut et celles de<br \/>\nl\u2019Ordre. Ce travail a permis aux deux organisa-<br \/>\ntions de partager des id\u00e9es et suscitera nul doute<br \/>\nune collaboration accrue \u00e0 l\u2019avenir. <\/p>\n<p> Dans le secteur des relations internationales,<br \/>\nc\u2019est avec fiert\u00e9 que j\u2019ai repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 l\u2019Institut<br \/>\n\u00e0 certains \u00e9v\u00e9nements cl\u00e9s, y compris la<br \/>\nconf\u00e9rence pan pacifique l\u2019automne dernier,<br \/>\net d\u2019autres r\u00e9unions organis\u00e9es par nos<br \/>\nhomologues des \u00c9tats-Unis. Ces relations se<br \/>\nsont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9es particuli\u00e8rement b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques \u00e0<br \/>\nun moment o\u00f9 les conditions \u00e9conomiques<br \/>\nexercent un impact sur la profession des deux<br \/>\nc\u00f4t\u00e9s de la fronti\u00e8re. <\/p>\n<p>Une grande partie des travaux que j\u2019ai <\/p>\n<p>\u00ab Le respect et<br \/>\nl\u2019admiration manifest\u00e9s <\/p>\n<p>\u00e0 l\u2019endroit de l\u2019ICE par<br \/>\nnos homologues est <\/p>\n<p>universel. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>d\u00e9crits a \u00e9t\u00e9 accomplie gr\u00e2ce au travail d\u2019\u00e9quipe<br \/>\n\u00e0 tous les niveaux. De ce fait, je me consid\u00e8re<br \/>\nchanceux d\u2019avoir un Comit\u00e9 ex\u00e9cutif des plus<br \/>\ncomp\u00e9tents et dont les membres travaillent en<br \/>\n\u00e9troite collaboration pour assurer la direction<br \/>\nr\u00e9guli\u00e8re de l\u2019ICE. Nous sommes \u00e9galement<br \/>\nfortun\u00e9s de pouvoir profiter de l\u2019engagement<br \/>\ndu conseil d\u2019administration qui compte<br \/>\nune excellente combinaison d\u2019anciens et de<br \/>\nnouveaux membres qui veillent \u00e0 poser les<br \/>\nbonnes questions et \u00e0 les discuter pleinement. <\/p>\n<p>En plus du conseil (tous des b\u00e9n\u00e9voles)<br \/>\nl\u2019Institut profite de ce que je consid\u00e8re l\u2019\u00e9lite<br \/>\nd\u2019un personnel d\u00e9vou\u00e9. Dirig\u00e9 et guid\u00e9 par<br \/>\nGeorges Lozano, ces gens veillent \u00e0 ce que<br \/>\nl\u2019organisation demeure l\u2019association de choix<br \/>\nen \u00e9valuation, non seulement au Canada mais<br \/>\n\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du monde. Le respect et l\u2019admiration <\/p>\n<p>manifest\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019endroit de l\u2019ICE par nos<br \/>\nhomologues est universel. Cela est attribuable<br \/>\naux efforts sans rel\u00e2che d\u2019un conseil qui re\u00e7oit<br \/>\nl\u2019appui d\u2019un personnel comp\u00e9tent et qui<br \/>\ntravaille avec diligence pour le conseiller et<br \/>\nmettre en oeuvre ses d\u00e9cisions. <\/p>\n<p>Au cours des prochains mois, je me<br \/>\npropose de travailler avec acharnement dans<br \/>\nle but de parfaire certains points importants<br \/>\ny compris des strat\u00e9gies qui permettront<br \/>\n\u00e0 nos membres d\u2019atteindre leurs cibles de<br \/>\ncroissance et qui nous permettront d\u2019\u00e9tablir<br \/>\ndes partenariats strat\u00e9giques sur des sujets<br \/>\nprioritaires, tout en continuant de mouler et<br \/>\nde repositionner le profil des membres de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\npour qu\u2019ils soient en mesure de r\u00e9pondre aux<br \/>\nbesoins futurs du march\u00e9. <\/p>\n<p>En terminant, j\u2019aimerais mentionner<br \/>\nbri\u00e8vement la prochaine conf\u00e9rence annuelle<br \/>\nqui aura lieu \u00e0 Mont-Tremblant, Qu\u00e9bec, du 26<br \/>\nau 29 mai. Selon les apparences \u00e0 ce jour, on<br \/>\npr\u00e9voit une excellente participation de la part<br \/>\ndes membres de l\u2019ICE et de l\u2019OEAQ. Nous avons<br \/>\nun excellent programme technique avec de<br \/>\nbons conf\u00e9renciers qui aborderont des sujets<br \/>\npertinents et qui sauront susciter la discussion.<br \/>\nJ\u2019esp\u00e8re vivement que vous serez des n\u00f4tres et<br \/>\nvous y rencontrer bien entendu.    <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada10 Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada<\/p>\n<p>This represents an opportunity for apprais-<br \/>\ners who are, after all, real property auditors and<br \/>\nplay an essential role in assuring the integrity<br \/>\nof real property transactions. This includes<br \/>\nthose in private practice, who provide services<br \/>\nto lenders and investors, as well as appraisers<br \/>\nworking for private and public sector organiza-<br \/>\ntions, who will be increasingly called upon for<br \/>\ntheir expert opinions on all kinds of property.<\/p>\n<p>While the economic slowdown will impact<br \/>\nreal property sales volumes, market demand<br \/>\nfor appraisal work may not be proportionately<br \/>\naffected. That is, the increased need for<br \/>\nassurance on the value may result<br \/>\nin calls for appraisals where,<br \/>\npreviously, reliance may have<br \/>\nbeen placed<br \/>\non other risk<br \/>\nassessment<br \/>\ntools such as<br \/>\nAVMs. While<br \/>\nthis may not be<br \/>\nthe case in the<br \/>\nlong run, in the<br \/>\nshort term,<br \/>\nit could mean more<br \/>\nwork. Nonetheless,<br \/>\nthe expansion of<br \/>\nAVMs, both in<br \/>\nnumber and in<br \/>\nsophistication, will<br \/>\ncontinue and AVMs<br \/>\nwill be used wherever<br \/>\nrisk is judged to be<br \/>\nmanageable without<br \/>\nan appraisal.<\/p>\n<p>Georges Lozano, MPA<br \/>\nAIC Chief Executive Officer<\/p>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>Adapting your career<br \/>\nto a changing market<\/p>\n<p>CEO RePoRT<\/p>\n<p>While 2008 saw a weakening of the strong real estate market that had prevailed in Canada for<br \/>\nmany years, 2009 may see a further slowdown<br \/>\nof market activity. For appraisers, this will<br \/>\npresent a challenge, but may also provide new<br \/>\nopportunities.<\/p>\n<p>It is generally thought that the economic<br \/>\ndownturn that has affected the world was ini-<br \/>\ntially caused, in part, by poor mortgage lending<br \/>\npractices in the US. As a result, more regulation<br \/>\nmay likely be coming our way. Already, mortgage<br \/>\nlending has changed to some degree. In Canada,<br \/>\nmortgage lending was recently revised such that<br \/>\nthere are no more 40-year terms and we have<br \/>\nseen the end of 100% financing. Also, banks<br \/>\neverywhere have tightened up on lending and<br \/>\nrisk management practices are being reviewed.<\/p>\n<p>So, where are the other opportunities?<br \/>\nThe increase in due<br \/>\ndiligence will mean that<br \/>\nnot just lenders, but other<br \/>\nstakeholders in real prop-<br \/>\nerty, such as developers, <\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe change in the<br \/>\nmarketplace for real <\/p>\n<p>property advisory services<br \/>\nis ongoing and where <\/p>\n<p>some traditional areas of<br \/>\nwork are decreasing in <\/p>\n<p>size and in the price that<br \/>\nthey command, other <\/p>\n<p>service opportunities are<br \/>\nopening up.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 11<\/p>\n<p>Georges Lozano, MPA<br \/>\nChef de la direction<\/p>\n<p>A<\/p>\n<p>RePoRT du Chef de la direction<\/p>\n<p>Adapter votre carri\u00e8re \u00e0<br \/>\nun march\u00e9 en \u00e9volution<\/p>\n<p>lors que l\u2019an 2008 a t\u00e9moign\u00e9 un<br \/>\naffaiblissement du march\u00e9 immobilier<br \/>\ncanadien qui \u00e9tait ferme depuis d\u00e9j\u00e0 <\/p>\n<p>plusieurs ann\u00e9es, l\u2019an 2009 pourrait bien voir un<br \/>\nralentissement encore plus prononc\u00e9 de l\u2019activit\u00e9<br \/>\n\u00e9conomique. Pour les \u00e9valuateurs, la situation<br \/>\npeut constituer un d\u00e9fi mais \u00e9galement offrir de<br \/>\nnouvelles occasions. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019opinion g\u00e9n\u00e9rale veut que l\u2019effondrement<br \/>\n\u00e9conomique qui a affect\u00e9 le monde entier soit<br \/>\nprincipalement attribuable aux pi\u00e8tres pratiques<br \/>\nentourant les pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<br \/>\nComme r\u00e9sultat, il est possible que la r\u00e9glementa-<br \/>\ntion soit raffermie. Dans une certaine mesure, les<br \/>\npratiques entourant les pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires ont<br \/>\nd\u00e9j\u00e0 chang\u00e9.  R\u00e9cemment, les pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires<br \/>\nau Canada ont \u00e9t\u00e9 modifi\u00e9s de sorte qu\u2019il n\u2019existe<br \/>\nplus de termes de 40 ans et le financement  <\/p>\n<p>\u00e0 100 % est termin\u00e9. Aussi, les banques de<br \/>\npartout ont serr\u00e9 la vis en mati\u00e8re de<br \/>\nfinancement et les pratiques de gestion<br \/>\ndes risques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 revues. <\/p>\n<p>Cela repr\u00e9sente donc une occasion<br \/>\npour les \u00e9valuateurs qui sont, apr\u00e8s<br \/>\ntout, des v\u00e9rificateurs immobiliers<br \/>\net qui jouent un r\u00f4le essentiel dans<br \/>\nl\u2019assurance de l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des tran-<\/p>\n<p>sactions immobili\u00e8res. Entre autres<br \/>\nchoses, pensons \u00e0 ceux qui oeuvrent en <\/p>\n<p>pratique priv\u00e9e et qui offrent des services<br \/>\naux pr\u00eateurs, investisseurs et \u00e9valuateurs <\/p>\n<p>des secteurs priv\u00e9 et public qui seront de plus<br \/>\nen plus sollicit\u00e9s pour formuler des opinions<br \/>\nsp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es sur une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de propri\u00e9t\u00e9s. <\/p>\n<p>Bien que le ralentissement \u00e9conomique ait sans<br \/>\ndoute un effet sur les ventes dans le secteur de <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019immobilier, la demande du march\u00e9 pour les servi-<br \/>\nces d\u2019\u00e9valuateurs peut ne pas \u00eatre affect\u00e9e dans la<br \/>\nm\u00eame proportion. C\u2019est donc dire que les besoins<br \/>\naccrus en mati\u00e8re d\u2019assurance de la valeur peuvent<br \/>\nr\u00e9sulter en une demande pour des \u00e9valuations<br \/>\ndont la cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9, auparavant, \u00e9tait possiblement<br \/>\nfond\u00e9e sur d\u2019autres outils d\u2019\u00e9valuation des risques<br \/>\ncomme les MIE. Bien que tel ne soit peut \u00eatre pas<br \/>\nle cas \u00e0 long terme, la situation pourrait donner<br \/>\nlieu \u00e0 beaucoup plus de travail \u00e0 court terme.<br \/>\nN\u00e9anmoins, l\u2019expansion des MIE \u00e0 la fois en termes<br \/>\nde quantit\u00e9 et de sophistication se poursuivra et les<br \/>\nMIE seront utilis\u00e9s lorsqu\u2019il sera possible de g\u00e9rer<br \/>\nles risques sans proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une \u00e9valuation. <\/p>\n<p>Alors o\u00f9 sont donc les nouvelles occasions?<br \/>\nLa diligence raisonnable accrue signifie que non<br \/>\nseulement les pr\u00eateurs mais les autres intervenants<br \/>\ndu milieu de l\u2019immobilier comme les promoteurs,<br \/>\nles investisseurs et les cabinets d\u2019assurance feront<br \/>\nappel aux services des \u00e9valuateurs. Bien que les<br \/>\ninvestissements immobiliers soient appel\u00e9s \u00e0<br \/>\nralentir, cette diligence raisonnable accrue se verra<br \/>\ndavantage au niveau des transactions qui seront<br \/>\neffectu\u00e9es et il en r\u00e9sultera une occasion d\u2019affaires. <\/p>\n<p>Les gens se pr\u00e9occupent comme jamais<br \/>\nauparavant du maintien et de la consolidation du<br \/>\npatrimoine. Ainsi, les clients voudront revoir leur <\/p>\n<p>portefeuille d\u2019actifs et en confirmer les valeurs<br \/>\nmarchandes. L\u2019entr\u00e9e en vigueur des NIRF en<br \/>\n2011 viendra rehausser ce besoin de confirmer les<br \/>\nvaleurs marchandes des biens immobiliers aux<br \/>\nfins de rapports financiers. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019une des principales causes de l\u2019effondre-<br \/>\nment du march\u00e9 hypoth\u00e9caire aux \u00c9tats-Unis<br \/>\nreposait sur les effets de commerce adoss\u00e9s \u00e0<br \/>\ndes cr\u00e9dits mobiliers et les valeurs immobili\u00e8res<br \/>\ncorrespondantes. La titrisation hypoth\u00e9caire est<br \/>\nun secteur o\u00f9 les \u00e9valuateurs devront assumer un<br \/>\nr\u00f4le plus pr\u00e9pond\u00e9rant et le moment est propice<br \/>\n\u00e0 la promotion de vos aptitudes \u00e0 titre d\u2019experts<br \/>\nimmobiliers aupr\u00e8s de la communaut\u00e9 financi\u00e8re. <\/p>\n<p>Tel que mentionn\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises dans le<br \/>\npass\u00e9, les services de consultation en immobilier<br \/>\nsont de plus en plus convoit\u00e9s sur le march\u00e9 et<br \/>\n\u00e0 mesure que baissent la taille et la valeur des<br \/>\nsecteurs traditionnels de travail sur le march\u00e9,<br \/>\nd\u2019autres occasions se pr\u00e9sentent. Pour en profiter<br \/>\npleinement, il faut \u00eatre bien renseign\u00e9, au courant<br \/>\net pr\u00eat. <\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est dans cette veine d\u2019id\u00e9es que l\u2019ICE colla-<br \/>\nbore avec l\u2019U.C.-B. dans l\u2019\u00e9laboration d\u2019un certain<br \/>\nnombre de cours de perfectionnement profes-<br \/>\nsionnel dans les domaines de sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 qui sont<br \/>\nde plus en plus en demande. Entre autres choses, <\/p>\n<p>\u00ab Les services de consultation en immobilier sont de plus<br \/>\nen plus convoit\u00e9s sur le march\u00e9 et \u00e0 mesure que baissent la<br \/>\ntaille et la valeur des secteurs traditionnels de travail sur le <\/p>\n<p>march\u00e9, d\u2019autres occasions se pr\u00e9sentent. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada12<\/p>\n<p>CEO RePoRT continued<\/p>\n<p>investors, and insurance firms to name a few, will<br \/>\nbe calling for the services of appraisers. While<br \/>\ninvestment in real property may slow down, the<br \/>\ngreater due diligence is likely to be practiced on<br \/>\nthe deals that go through and this will present a<br \/>\nbusiness opportunity.  <\/p>\n<p>The preservation and consolidation of wealth<br \/>\nis on everyone\u2019s mind these days in a way not<br \/>\nseen before. As such, clients will be interested in<br \/>\nreviewing their asset portfolios and reaffirming<br \/>\nmarket values. The advent of International Financial<br \/>\nReporting Standards (IFRS) in 2011 will also add to<br \/>\nthis need for market value determination of real<br \/>\nestate holdings for financial reporting purposes.<\/p>\n<p>One of the key causes of the mortgage<br \/>\ncollapse in the US was asset-backed com-<br \/>\nmercial paper and the underlying value of the<br \/>\nreal property that it was based upon. Mortgage<br \/>\nsecuritization is an area where appraisers need<br \/>\nto play a greater role and now is a good time<br \/>\nto be promoting your skills as the real property<br \/>\nexperts to the financial community.<\/p>\n<p>As has been noted many times in the past,<br \/>\nthe change in the marketplace for real property <\/p>\n<p>Continued from page 10.<\/p>\n<p>advisory services is ongoing and where some<br \/>\ntraditional areas of work are decreasing in size<br \/>\nand in the price that they command, other<br \/>\nservice opportunities are opening up. The key to<br \/>\ncapitalizing on these is to be informed, aware and<br \/>\nprepared.<\/p>\n<p>In this respect, AIC has been working with <\/p>\n<p>\u201cAre you only<br \/>\ntapping the skills<br \/>\nand knowledge <\/p>\n<p>you acquired many<br \/>\nyears ago, or are you <\/p>\n<p>replenishing them with<br \/>\nnew skills and services, <\/p>\n<p>resulting in new<br \/>\nopportunities?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab Il serait peut-\u00eatre pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de demander si vous n\u2019utilisez que les aptitudes et les<br \/>\nconnaissances acquises il y a plusieurs ann\u00e9es ou si vous ajoutez \u00e0 votre palmar\u00e8s de <\/p>\n<p>nouvelles aptitudes et de nouveaux services qui ouvriront la voie sur de nouvelles occasions. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>ces cours portent sur l\u2019\u00e9valuation des entreprises<br \/>\ncommerciales, l\u2019\u00e9valuation d\u2019h\u00f4tels, l\u2019analyse de<br \/>\nla valeur optimale, l\u2019\u00e9valuation des immeubles<br \/>\n\u00e0 bureaux, l\u2019analyse de baux et ainsi de suite. En<br \/>\nfait, plus de 30 cours seront offerts. <\/p>\n<p>Les membres ont demand\u00e9 une formation<br \/>\nencore plus soutenue et des ressources leur<br \/>\npermettant d\u2019accro\u00eetre leurs aptitudes.\u00a0L\u2019Institut a <\/p>\n<p>RePoRT du Chef de la direction continued<\/p>\n<p>Suire de la page 11.<\/p>\n<p>r\u00e9pondu en identifiant les lacunes au niveau des<br \/>\ncomp\u00e9tences et offrira tr\u00e8s prochainement de<br \/>\ncourts s\u00e9minaires en ligne ou en classe. <\/p>\n<p>Le verre est-il mi-plein ou mi-vide?  Tout<br \/>\nd\u00e9pend de ce que vous faites. Si l\u2019on parle de vos<br \/>\nperspectives de carri\u00e8re et du potentiel d\u2019accro\u00ee-<br \/>\ntre votre commerce, il serait peut-\u00eatre pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable<br \/>\nde demander si vous n\u2019utilisez que les aptitudes <\/p>\n<p>et les connaissances acquises il y a plusieurs<br \/>\nann\u00e9es ou si vous ajoutez \u00e0 votre palmar\u00e8s de<br \/>\nnouvelles aptitudes et de nouveaux services qui<br \/>\nouvriront la voie sur de nouvelles occasions.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019approche du printemps, il est peut-\u00eatre<br \/>\ntemps de revoir vos objectifs de carri\u00e8re et d\u2019ajus-<br \/>\nter votre tir pour assurer votre succ\u00e8s continu au<br \/>\ncours des ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir.  <\/p>\n<p>the University of British Columbia (UBC) to<br \/>\ndevelop a number of professional development<br \/>\neducational offerings in specialty areas that are<br \/>\ngrowing in demand. These include more than<br \/>\n30 courses such as business enterprise valuation,<br \/>\nhotel valuation, highest and best use analysis,<br \/>\noffice property valuation, and lease analysis.<\/p>\n<p>Members have asked for even more<br \/>\nsustained training and skill broadening resources<br \/>\nand the Institute is responding by identifying<br \/>\nskill gaps, and addressing these with upcoming<br \/>\nshort seminars that will be offered online and in<br \/>\nthe classroom in the near future.<\/p>\n<p>Is the glass half full or half empty? It all<br \/>\ndepends on what you are doing. If referring<br \/>\nto your career prospects and business growth<br \/>\npotential, a better question is are you only<br \/>\ntapping the skills and knowledge you acquired<br \/>\nmany years ago, or are you replenishing them<br \/>\nwith new skills and services, resulting in new<br \/>\nopportunities?<\/p>\n<p>As spring approaches, this may be a very good<br \/>\ntime to revisit your career objectives and adjust<br \/>\nthem for continued success in the years ahead.  <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p> Residential, manufactured housing and commercial\/ industrial costs<br \/>\n Computed in Canadian dollars<br \/>\n Square foot, segregated and unit-in-place costs<br \/>\n Depreciation tables<br \/>\n Continually updated and localized to more than 90 locations in Alberta,<br \/>\nBritish Columbia, Manitoba, the Maritimes, the Northwest Territories,<br \/>\nOntario, Quebec, Saskatchewan and Yukon.<\/p>\n<p>The Replacement Costs You Trust<br \/>\nChoose costs in manuals, software or online. Free support. <\/p>\n<p>Online and live webinar Cost Approach training.<\/p>\n<p>For replacement values for insurance purposes, please call us. MSB (Marshall Swift\/Boeckh) is a<br \/>\nleading provider of residential and commercial valuation solutions to the insurance industry. <\/p>\n<p>350 S. Grand Ave., Los Angeles CA 90071<br \/>\nwww.MarshallSwift.com<\/p>\n<p>Sales and Service: 1-800-544-2678<br \/>\nMonday-Friday 6:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Pacific<\/p>\n<p>ANAN BUSINESSBUSINESS<\/p>\n<p>MAGCPV0309<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.MarshallSwift.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.marshallswift.com<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada14<\/p>\n<p>AACI (Hon) Members recognized for<br \/>\noutstanding contributions to profession <\/p>\n<p>I<\/p>\n<p>Member PRofile<\/p>\n<p>n 2008, the Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC) selected 10 individuals as recipients of its first ever Honorary AACI designations. These designations are with<br \/>\ndistinction and come with the expectation that the individuals honoured in this manner will play an important advisory role within the AIC and its committees,<br \/>\nproviding leadership and visibility that will assist the Institute in achieving its goals. In this issue, we present two more of the initial group of honourees.  <\/p>\n<p>Wayne R. Whitlock, Q.C., BA, LLB is a partner<br \/>\nwith Bennett Jones LLP in Calgary, where he<br \/>\nhas spearheaded the real estate practice group<br \/>\nfor more than 10 years. Acting for financial<br \/>\ninstitutions and developers, Wayne is involved in<br \/>\nrestructuring and workouts of real estate loans,<br \/>\nreal estate lending, zoning and development<br \/>\napprovals, and the purchase and sale of<br \/>\ncondominiums, commercial and retail projects,<br \/>\nand real estate joint ventures. His clients include<br \/>\nshopping centres, offices, hotels, golf course<br \/>\nresorts, entertainment centres, condominiums<br \/>\nand land development projects. In addition to his<br \/>\nlegal practice, Wayne participates in real estate<br \/>\nrestructuring and leasing transaction seminars<br \/>\nand lectures at various learning institutions. He is<br \/>\na past chairman of the Canadian Bar Association <\/p>\n<p>Commercial Real Estate Section and is a Board<br \/>\nmember of the Geary Market Investments<br \/>\nCompany in San Francisco, which owns in excess<br \/>\nof $100 million in US real estate.<\/p>\n<p>According to Wayne, \u201cReceiving this Honorary<br \/>\nDesignation was a tremendous compliment<br \/>\nof which I am extremely proud. I believe it is a<br \/>\nreflection of the respect that our company has for<br \/>\nthe appraisal profession and the manner in which<br \/>\nwe work so closely with appraisers throughout<br \/>\nthe course of conducting our business. It is<br \/>\nalso indicative of how the Appraisal Institute<br \/>\nof Canada is striving to elevate itself and its<br \/>\nmembers by searching out and recognizing other<br \/>\nprofessions that are involved in today\u2019s complex<br \/>\nreal estate transactions.  <\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur company is very inclusive when it<br \/>\ncomes to working with other professionals<br \/>\nsuch as appraisers and we actively seek their<br \/>\ninvolvement in the early stages of many of our<br \/>\nbusiness transactions. Every real estate project or<br \/>\ntransaction is unique and it is absolutely critical<br \/>\nfor us to fully understand the appraisal process<br \/>\nand why it is approached in a certain way. From<br \/>\nrelying on an appraiser\u2019s past experience, to<br \/>\nseeking his or her input on market trends or<br \/>\nthinking outside the box, we believe in working<br \/>\ntogether as a team to accomplish our objectives.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cToday\u2019s business world is incredibly complex<br \/>\nand we can no longer ask an appraiser to simply<br \/>\ntell us what the property is worth while we<br \/>\ndo the rest. Whether it is using appraisals for<br \/>\nfamily estate planning, for the sale and purchase<br \/>\nof multi-million dollar properties by pension <\/p>\n<p>funds, or for large land expropriations, to name<br \/>\na few of the many scenarios we deal with on a<br \/>\nregular basis, the need to seek everyone\u2019s input<br \/>\nin order to strategize and develop programs<br \/>\nthat address all of the issues has never been<br \/>\ngreater. More than ever before, appraisers are<br \/>\nalso key players when it comes to dealing with<br \/>\nmarketplace volatility. With real estate prices<br \/>\nfluctuating so dramatically and so quickly, it may<br \/>\nmean that obtaining an appraisal at one point in<br \/>\ntime is no longer sufficient. Depending on the<br \/>\ncircumstances, the appraisal process may have to<br \/>\nbe carried out multiple times over the extended<br \/>\nduration of a project.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen all is said and done, the role of the<br \/>\nprofessional real estate appraiser has never been<br \/>\ngreater or more important. When you operate <\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen you operate as<br \/>\nan integral part of a <\/p>\n<p>team that includes such<br \/>\nprofessionals as appraisers,<br \/>\naccountants, lawyers and <\/p>\n<p>engineers, you have to find<br \/>\nthe appropriate middle <\/p>\n<p>ground and enhance the<br \/>\nlevels of cooperation and <\/p>\n<p>mutual respect.\u201d<br \/>\nWayne R. Whitlock<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 15<\/p>\n<p>as an integral part of a team that includes such<br \/>\nprofessionals as appraisers, accountants, lawyers<br \/>\nand engineers, you have to find the appropriate <\/p>\n<p>middle ground and enhance the levels of<br \/>\ncooperation and mutual respect. The Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada and our company recognize <\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe AIC has embraced high-quality education as a means of increasing the value-added services<br \/>\nthat its members are able to provide, and it is very rewarding to know that our school\u2019s Real <\/p>\n<p>Estate Division works closely with the Institute to offer courses which help make that a reality. \u201d<br \/>\nDr. Daniel F. Muzyka<\/p>\n<p>the importance of this, and, with increasing<br \/>\nfrequency, so too does the entire business<br \/>\ncommunity.\u201d <\/p>\n<p>An internationally recognized leader in the field of<br \/>\nentrepreneurship and corporate strategy,<br \/>\nDr. Daniel F. Muzyka is currently serving his<br \/>\nsecond term as Dean of the Sauder School of Busi-<br \/>\nness at the University of British Columbia (UBC),<br \/>\na position he was first appointed to in 1999. In<br \/>\naddition to being published in a number of business<br \/>\njournals, he has edited and contributed to books and<br \/>\nvideos on entrepreneurship, including two Financial<br \/>\nTimes series on Mastering Entrepreneurship and<br \/>\nMastering Innovation. Dr. Muzyka served as chair of<br \/>\nthe Vancouver Board of Trade from 2005 to 2006,<br \/>\nand is currently a member of the organization\u2019s Exec-<br \/>\nutive Committee and Board of Directors. He is also a<br \/>\nmember of the Premier\u2019s Technology Council and the <\/p>\n<p>BC Competition Council, and serves on the Board of<br \/>\nthe Investment Dealers Association of Canada. Prior<br \/>\nto joining UBC, Dr. Muzyka was the IAF Professor<br \/>\nof Entrepreneurship at INSEAD (France), where he<br \/>\nalso served as Associate Dean of the MBA Program<br \/>\nand Director of the 3i Venturelab. He was previously<br \/>\na faculty member at Babson College and was a<br \/>\nvisiting professor at the Harvard Business School.<br \/>\nBefore entering the field of education, his initial<br \/>\nexperience in finance and corporate strategy came<br \/>\nat the General Electric Company and as a strategy<br \/>\nconsultant with Braxton Associates in Boston.  <\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhile I am truly honoured to receive this<br \/>\ndesignation on a personal level,\u201d says Dr. Muzyka, \u201cI<br \/>\nfeel that it is more indicative of the very strong and<br \/>\nsuccessful partnership that has developed between<br \/>\nthe UBC\u2019s Sauder School of Business and the Insti-<br \/>\ntute. The AIC has embraced high-quality education<br \/>\nas a means of increasing the value-added services<br \/>\nthat its members are able to provide, and it is very<br \/>\nrewarding to know that our school\u2019s Real Estate<br \/>\nDivision works closely with the Institute to offer<br \/>\ncourses which help make that a reality. I should add,<br \/>\nas well, that the partnership has been so successful<br \/>\nit now serves as a model for us in the development<br \/>\nof similar programs with other professions.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe role of the professional appraiser is<br \/>\nevolving and growing more important all the<br \/>\ntime. Where property used to be an adjunct asset<br \/>\nfor companies, it now plays a significant role on<br \/>\nbalance sheets and income statements. Under-<br \/>\nstanding value and the complexities involved is <\/p>\n<p>absolutely critical in today\u2019s business and economic<br \/>\nenvironment. <\/p>\n<p>\u201cThrough ongoing dialogue and a willingness<br \/>\nto adapt to ongoing marketplace demands, we<br \/>\nhave been able to combine our school\u2019s abilities to<br \/>\nattract students and provide effective education<br \/>\nwith the Institute\u2019s experience, knowledge base<br \/>\nand standards. The result is a successful educational<br \/>\nprogram that continues to grow and evolve.   <\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere is no doubt that real estate valuation is a<br \/>\nprofession on the move. It is continually challenging<br \/>\nitself to provide more value-added services to its<br \/>\nclients and, in so doing, is becoming a major player<br \/>\nin professional circles across Canada and interna-<br \/>\ntionally. Case in point is the instrumental role that<br \/>\nthe Institute has played in the development of<br \/>\nInternational Valuation Standards and in ensuring<br \/>\nan efficient implementation of the International<br \/>\nFinancial Reporting Standards (IFRS).<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAnother key element in our mutually beneficial<br \/>\nrelationship is the fact that, with the aging of the<br \/>\nworkforce, the profession has been looking to renew<br \/>\nitself in terms of attracting new members from<br \/>\nthe pool of young people entering the workforce<br \/>\nor young professionals still trying to determine<br \/>\ntheir best career path. As a university with inherent<br \/>\nstudent recruitment abilities, we have been able to<br \/>\nhave a positive impact in this regard.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI certainly believe that the real estate valuation<br \/>\nprofession as well as the relationship between the<br \/>\nAIC and the Sauder School of Business has a very<br \/>\nbright future.\u201d .  <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada16<\/p>\n<p>Multiple uses<br \/>\nand multiple reliances <\/p>\n<p>The recent problems in the American mortgage market will undoubtedly have repercussions for Canadian lenders.<br \/>\nIn particular, appraisers need to understand new and novel ways in which our clientele may wish to use appraisal<br \/>\nwork product. Unfortunately, there is potential for abuse of the usage of appraisal reports and Mark Frederick of<br \/>\nMiller Thomson advises below that, now more than ever, we in the profession must be careful in how appraisers<br \/>\nallow their appraisal reports to be used. Mark R. Frederick is a barrister and solicitor with Miller Thomson LLP,<br \/>\na national law firm based in Toronto.      <\/p>\n<p>magine you are at a business cocktail party<br \/>\nin a crowded room. It has been another hard<br \/>\nday at the office. You have had at least two <\/p>\n<p>martinis (who counts anyway?) and you see a<br \/>\nmortgage broker you know cross the room. You<br \/>\ndo not think he is the best at his business, but<br \/>\nhe tells you he has been working on a project<br \/>\nand has been studying a copy of your report on a<br \/>\ncommercial income property over on King Street<br \/>\nthat you did a \u201cfew months ago.\u201d He tells you<br \/>\nyour report is very good and is exactly what he<br \/>\nneeded.  <\/p>\n<p>In this scenario, most appraisers would be<br \/>\nfeeling quite self-satisfied. A compliment on your<br \/>\nwork\u2026a satisfied client\u2026what could be better?<\/p>\n<p>How would you feel if he also mentioned the<br \/>\nfollowing: that he was going to use your report<br \/>\nas part of a presentation to 1000 speculative<br \/>\ninvestors, who he was going to ask to participate<br \/>\nin a $50,000,000 pooled-funding arrangement,<br \/>\nalong with loans on 200 other properties?  <\/p>\n<p>What if he went further, telling you that,<br \/>\nrather than giving his investors a full copy of<br \/>\nyour report, he was simply going to give them<br \/>\nyour transmittal page as part of his presentation, <\/p>\n<p>where it clearly states on your letterhead that<br \/>\nthe value of the property you appraised was set<br \/>\nout at $1,000,000?  <\/p>\n<p>How would you feel about your appraisal<br \/>\nbuttressing a portfolio of loans, where, as part<br \/>\nof his pitch, the mortgage broker has already<br \/>\ncalculated a certain amount of potential risk in<br \/>\nthe group of targeted borrowers to the extent<br \/>\nthat he expects 2% of loans to fail anyway<br \/>\nbecause of<br \/>\na) the heightened level of risk associated with <\/p>\n<p>these loans;<br \/>\nb) the poor quality of the tenants renting these <\/p>\n<p>properties; and,<br \/>\nc)  the minimal capital commitment and input of <\/p>\n<p>the borrowers?<br \/>\nHow would you feel about the borrower charg-<br \/>\ning high interest rates (six points over that<br \/>\noffered at the bank) to the intended borrowers<br \/>\nto make up for any expectation of loss due to<br \/>\ndefaultors, but, at the same time, noting to his<br \/>\ninvestors that even if there were losses, your<br \/>\nappraisal work and that of other appraisers<br \/>\ncreates an underwriting safety net on this<br \/>\nportfolio of loans and that, should some of <\/p>\n<p>them fail, they intend to sue the appraisers<br \/>\ninvolved (including you) for any shortfall?  <\/p>\n<p>How then would you feel about your work<br \/>\ngoing from one knowledgeable lender client<br \/>\n(who is actually paying your bill) to a thou-<br \/>\nsand people who you do not know or have any<br \/>\nclue about?<\/p>\n<p>Most appraisers do not expect to see<br \/>\ntheir appraisal reports used in such a fashion.<br \/>\nWhile the term \u2018Mortgage Financing Purposes\u2019<br \/>\nappears on both form and narrative reports,<br \/>\nit can mean many things. Recent trends of<br \/>\npackaging loans and books of lending business<br \/>\nmean that your reports have the potential to<br \/>\ninfluence a number of people who purchase<br \/>\nloans this way.  <\/p>\n<p>These loans do not require specific property<br \/>\nunderwriting as called for in typical transactions.<br \/>\nThere may be less inclination to look at covenants<br \/>\nor the quality of leases and rents, or even the<br \/>\nphysical state of the buildings involved.<\/p>\n<p>In other cases, your appraisal may have<br \/>\nbuttressed the first loan and is now being<br \/>\npassed on to the general lending public by way<br \/>\nof invitation.  <\/p>\n<p>Legal news &#038; Views<\/p>\n<p>I<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 17<\/p>\n<p>Is there anything you can do about this?<br \/>\nThe law of reliance essentially provides that any<br \/>\nprofessional who issues an opinion can create<br \/>\na duty relationship where the professional may<br \/>\nbe liable in negligence to those whom he would<br \/>\nexpect to reasonably rely upon his report. The<br \/>\nproblem here is one of scale and use. Appraisers<br \/>\nask for letters of transmittal to learn not only<br \/>\nwho is relying on their reports, but also to send<br \/>\nan appropriate fee for that privilege.<\/p>\n<p>Canada\u2019s chartered banks are moving to syn-<br \/>\ndicate their lending portfolios to divest themselves<br \/>\nof risky loans, particularly after they have taken the<br \/>\nfirst few months of profit associated with those<br \/>\nloans. Your appraisal, unless properly qualified, will<br \/>\nbe used by them to justify their actions.<\/p>\n<p>Arguably, limiting conditions should assist<br \/>\nappraisers in resisting attacks on their work in<br \/>\nsituations where aspects of the transactions<br \/>\nfail. But, if the syndicate and its members are<br \/>\npermitted users, the appraiser will see his or<br \/>\nher work used time and time again to support<br \/>\ndecisions to lend absent proper and necessary<br \/>\nunderwriting.<\/p>\n<p>What can you do about this situation?<br \/>\nFirst, you can qualify your report in terms of<br \/>\neffectiveness as to the period of time your<br \/>\nview should be active (30-60-90 days?), the<br \/>\ndesignated specific parties allowed to rely upon<br \/>\nit, and the circumstances in which they are<br \/>\nallowed to do so. You may make it clear that <\/p>\n<p>letters of transmittal require an application to you<br \/>\nwhere the purpose of the appraisal or the fact<br \/>\nthat it is being used in anything but conventional<br \/>\nmortgage lending is disclosed.<\/p>\n<p>Second, you can say no to any request to<br \/>\nallow your report to be used by any person other<br \/>\nthan the client named in the appraisal report.<\/p>\n<p>Third, you can ask to go back and refresh your<br \/>\nappraisal to see if the circumstances that resulted<br \/>\nin your original report are still the same \u2013 that<br \/>\nthe income is correctly stated and that there are<br \/>\nno new conditions that affect your report.<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, you must take care to see that<br \/>\nyour report is clear and unambiguous and that<br \/>\nit should not be relied on as if it were the local<br \/>\nnewspaper or flyer from the supermarket.  <\/p>\n<p>Certain conditions apply.<br \/>\nAuto insurance is not available in Manitoba, Saskatchewan or British Columbia due to government-run plans.<\/p>\n<p>With your group<br \/>\nyou have privileges<br \/>\nFOR YOUR HOME AND AUTO,<br \/>\nENJOY THE BENEFITS OF PREFERRED RATES AND EXCEPTIONAL SERVICE<\/p>\n<p>Thanks to The Personal and the Appraisal Institute of Canada,<br \/>\nyou have access to home and auto group insurance. <\/p>\n<p>Why not take advantage of it?<\/p>\n<p>1-888-476-8737  thepersonal.com\/aicanada<br \/>\nGet a quote:<\/p>\n<p>T H E<\/p>\n<p>Choose your<br \/>\nprivileGe<br \/>\nC O N T E S T<\/p>\n<p>To enter, request a quote.<br \/>\nFor contest details visit:<br \/>\nthepersonal.com\/privilegecontest<\/p>\n<p>$50,000$50,000<br \/>\nimagine exhilaratinG<br \/>\nadventures valued at<\/p>\n<p>created exclusively for you!<\/p>\n<p>sport<br \/>\npaCkaGe<\/p>\n<p>entertainment<\/p>\n<p>paCkaGe<\/p>\n<p>177-1AC1-E_7x4.625-CMYK_09.indd   1 20\/01\/09   13:44:16<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.thepersonal.com\/aicanada<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada18<\/p>\n<p>n my previous International Valuation<br \/>\nStandards (IVS) primer article (Volume 52\/<br \/>\nBook4\/2008), I summarized the structure of <\/p>\n<p>IVS and focused on the Code of Conduct. The IVS<br \/>\nCode of Conduct also deals with Reporting Values.<br \/>\nIts inclusion in the Code of Conduct would imply<br \/>\nthat knowingly ignoring minimum requirements<br \/>\nwould constitute an ethical breach of the rules.<\/p>\n<p>IVS notes that the style of the valuation report<br \/>\nmust be tailored to the nature of the assignment<br \/>\nand the needs of the client while meeting certain<br \/>\nminimum requirements as to content.1 These<br \/>\nminimum requirements are then summarized as<br \/>\nfollows:<br \/>\n\u2022\t the\tidentity\tof\tthe\tvaluer\tand\tthe\tdate\tof\tthe\t<\/p>\n<p>report;<br \/>\n\u2022\t the\tidentity\tof\tthe\tclient;<br \/>\n\u2022\t the\tinstructions,\tdate\tof\tthe\tvalue\testimate,\t<\/p>\n<p>purpose and intended use of the valuation;<br \/>\n\u2022\t the\tbasis\tof\tthe\tvaluation,\tincluding\ttype\tand\t<\/p>\n<p>definition of value;<br \/>\n\u2022\t the\tidentity,\ttenure,\tand\tlocation(s)\tof\tthe\t<\/p>\n<p>interest(s) to be valued;<br \/>\n\u2022\t the\tdate\tand\textent\tof\tthe\tinspections;<br \/>\n\u2022\t the\tscope\tand\textent\tof\twork\tused\tto\t<\/p>\n<p>develop the valuation;<br \/>\n\u2022\t any\tassumptions\tand\tlimiting\tconditions;\t<\/p>\n<p>and any special, unusual, or extraordinary<br \/>\nassumptions;<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t a\tcompliance\tstatement\tthat\tthe\tvaluation<br \/>\nhas been performed in accordance with IVS<br \/>\nand any required disclosures; and<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t the\tprofessional\tqualification\tand\tsignature<br \/>\nof the Valuer.<\/p>\n<p>Reporting requirements also appear in greater<br \/>\ndetail in Standard 3 \u2013 Valuation Reporting.<br \/>\nIt is this section of IVS that parallels the<br \/>\nAppraisal Standard Rules of CUSPAP.<\/p>\n<p>The Introduction to International <\/p>\n<p>1 <\/p>\n<p>Valuation Standards 1, 2 and 3 provides<br \/>\na comprehensive explanation of how IVS<br \/>\naddresses the three fundamental aspects of<br \/>\nvaluation. Standard 1 deals with Market Value<br \/>\nBasis of Valuation. Standard 2 deals with<br \/>\nBases Other Than Market Value, and Standard<br \/>\n3 deals with Valuation Reporting.<\/p>\n<p>Central to all valuations are the<br \/>\nconcepts of market, price, cost and<br \/>\nvalue. These concepts are relevant both<br \/>\nto valuations based on Market Value<br \/>\n(Standard 1) and those based on non-<br \/>\nmarket criteria (Standard 2). Of equal<br \/>\nimportance is clear communication <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada18<\/p>\n<p>Primer on<br \/>\nInternational Valuation Standards \u2013 Part 2<\/p>\n<p>I<\/p>\n<p>By Ray Bower, AACI, P. App., Chair, Standards Committee<br \/>\nStandards<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 19<\/p>\n<p>of the results of the valuation and an<br \/>\nunderstanding of how those results have<br \/>\nbeen obtained. (Standard 3).2 It is this<br \/>\nlater Standard that will be the focus of this<br \/>\narticle, as it is this Standard which most<br \/>\nresembles the CUSPAP Appraisal Standard<br \/>\nRules and Comments. <\/p>\n<p>2 <\/p>\n<p>Standard 3 \u2013 Valuation<br \/>\nReporting (Revised 2007)<br \/>\nThe introduction of this section points out the<br \/>\nimportance of communicating the value conclu-<br \/>\nsion, confirming the basis for the valuation, the<br \/>\npurpose of the valuation and any assumptions<br \/>\nor limiting conditions underlying the valuation.<br \/>\nThe reporting requirements apply to all types of<br \/>\nappraisal or valuation reports.<\/p>\n<p>CUSPAP does not dictate the form, format or<br \/>\nstyle of an appraisal report. These are the functions<br \/>\nand needs of the users and appraisers. It is the<br \/>\nsubstantive content of a report that determines<br \/>\nits compliance to CUSPAP.3  Similarly, IVS acknowl-<br \/>\nedges that the type, content and length of a report<br \/>\nvary according to the intended use of the report,<br \/>\nlegal requirements, the property type, and the<br \/>\nnature and complexity of the assignment.<\/p>\n<p>The reporting requirements of IVS are very<br \/>\nsimilar to those of CUSPAP. For example, IVS<br \/>\nreporting rule 5.1.2 requires that each valuation<br \/>\nreport shall identify the client, the intended use<br \/>\nof the valuation and the relevant dates (effective<br \/>\ndate, inspection date and report date). This one<br \/>\nrule covers three CUSPAP Appraisal Standard Rules<br \/>\n(6.2.1, 6.2.7 and 6.2.8.) In that most of the report-<br \/>\ning requirements of IVS mirror those of  CUSPAP, a<br \/>\nline by line comparison of every reporting require-<br \/>\nment of IVS  versus CUSPAP is not attempted in this<br \/>\narticle. <\/p>\n<p>However, there are certain IVS requirements<br \/>\nthat differ from or exceed CUSPAP requirements.<br \/>\nThere are also differences in terminology between<br \/>\nCUSPAP and  IVS. For example,  IVS Standard Rule<br \/>\n5.1.10 requires a signed Compliance Statement as<br \/>\nopposed to CUSPAP Appraisal Rule 6.2.27 which<br \/>\nrequires a signed Certification. Each is tailored to<br \/>\nthe specific requirements of either IVS or CUSPAP<br \/>\nThe IVS Compliance Statement requires disclosure<br \/>\nof and explanations for any departures from the <\/p>\n<p>3 <\/p>\n<p>specific IVS requirements. CUSPAP has a similar<br \/>\nrequirement, but it is addressed under Extraordinary<br \/>\nLimiting Conditions. Again, the difference lies only in<br \/>\nthe terminology.<\/p>\n<p>Differences also occur in the location of a<br \/>\nrequirement. For example, the Practice Notes of<br \/>\nCUSPAP suggest a standard Limiting Condition,<br \/>\nwhich states that possession of a report does not<br \/>\npermit publication.4 In that this appears in the<br \/>\nPractice Notes, the application of this statement<br \/>\nwithin an appraisal report is not compulsory. A<br \/>\nsimilar requirement in IVS forms part of the Compli-<br \/>\nance Statement, wherein it states that a report must<br \/>\ncontain a clause specifically prohibiting the publica-<br \/>\ntion of the report in whole or in part, or any refer-<br \/>\nence thereto, or to the valuation figures contained<br \/>\ntherein, or to the names and professional affiliation<br \/>\nof the valuers, without the written permission of the<br \/>\nvaluer.5  The fact that this appears in the Standard<br \/>\n3 reporting rules of IVS, makes the requirement<br \/>\nmandatory. <\/p>\n<p>Of particular interest, IVS has a requirement<br \/>\nto identify and describe the classes of property<br \/>\nincluded in the valuation other than the primary<br \/>\nproperty category.6 In addition to real property<br \/>\nvaluation, IVS covers personal property, businesses<br \/>\nand financial interests. There is a whole section<br \/>\ndevoted to property types in IVS. Real property is<br \/>\nthe common class of property that we deal with<br \/>\nunder CUSPAP. However, at present, the Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada mandatory errors and omissions<br \/>\ninsurance would not cover assignments dealing with<br \/>\nthe other property types regardless of a member\u2019s<br \/>\nknowledge, experience or competence. <\/p>\n<p>As for other differences, CUSPAP permits the use<br \/>\nof an Extraordinary Assumption, which is defined as<br \/>\nan assumption, directly related to a specific assign-<br \/>\nment, which, if found to be false, could alter the<br \/>\nappraiser\u2019s opinions or conclusions.7 IVS also permits <\/p>\n<p>4<br \/>\n5<br \/>\n6<br \/>\n7 <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 19Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada20<\/p>\n<p>tive assumptions.9 Indeed, the concept of highest<br \/>\nand best use is discussed in 10 different sections<br \/>\nof IVS.<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, in CUSPAP, lease fees or leasehold<br \/>\nestates (6.2.19), assemblage (6.2.20), or public<br \/>\nand\/or private improvements (6.2.21), and their<br \/>\nrespective effects on value are not specifically<br \/>\nstated in the IVS Standard 3 reporting require-<br \/>\nments. However, these concepts would fall under<br \/>\nthe reporting requirement that the information and<br \/>\ndata examined; the market analysis performed;<br \/>\nthe valuation approaches taken and procedures<br \/>\nfollowed; and the reasoning that support the<br \/>\nanalyses, opinions and conclusions must be<br \/>\ndescribed in the report.10<\/p>\n<p>There may be additional differences in the<br \/>\ndetailed requirements of CUSPAP and IVS, but as<br \/>\ndemonstrated in this brief article, the underlying<br \/>\nappraisal principles, methodologies and techniques<br \/>\nremain basically the same. By undertaking a real<br \/>\nproperty market value appraisal assignment strictly<br \/>\nunder the auspices of  IVS, the results would be<br \/>\nsubstantially equivalent to a similar assignment<br \/>\nundertaken in adherence to CUSPAP. The real<br \/>\nbenefit of adopting IVS as the standards for our<br \/>\nmembers is the ability to undertake valuations on<br \/>\nbasis other than Market Value. These additional<br \/>\nconcepts will be the focus of future articles.  <\/p>\n<p>9<br \/>\n10 <\/p>\n<p>the use of an assumption, but goes on to require<br \/>\nthat the appraiser address the probability that such<br \/>\na condition will occur. If, for example, the appraisal<br \/>\nof a house situated on 50 acres were assigned with<br \/>\nthe extraordinary assumption that the house were<br \/>\nsituated on one acre, under IVS the appraiser would<br \/>\nhave to deal with the probability that the house<br \/>\non the one-acre could be severed from the larger<br \/>\n50-acre parcel. In this case, the probability may<br \/>\nbe zero, but additional enquiries would have to be<br \/>\nmade to determine such probabilities.<\/p>\n<p>There are some IVS requirements dealing with<br \/>\nelectronically transmitted reports that are not dealt<br \/>\nwith under CUSPAP. IVS requires that the origin,<br \/>\ndate and time of the sending of a report, as well<br \/>\nas the destination, date and time of receipt should<br \/>\nbe identified. Further, software should allow<br \/>\nconfirmation that the quantity and quality of data\/<br \/>\ntest transmitted corresponds to that received and<br \/>\nshould render the report as \u2018read-only\u2019 to all except<br \/>\nthe author.8 Indeed, there are additional require-<\/p>\n<p>8 <\/p>\n<p>ments pertaining to digital signatures, passwords,<br \/>\nPIN numbers, secure cards, etc., that may be of<br \/>\nparticular interest to our members today.<\/p>\n<p>Several CUSPAP Appraisal Standard Rules do<br \/>\nnot currently appear in IVS Standard 3 reporting<br \/>\nrequirements. For example, the reporting require-<br \/>\nments of IVS are silent on land use controls (6.2.12),<br \/>\nand highest and best use (6.2.14). The inclusion of<br \/>\nland use controls in an appraisal report is obvious.<br \/>\nBoth CUSPAP and IVS reporting rules require the<br \/>\nappraiser to identify and describe legal charac-<br \/>\nteristics of the property. Land use controls would<br \/>\nfall under this requirement. Highest and best use<br \/>\nhas not been overlooked in IVS. Highest and best<br \/>\nuse is a disclosure requirement under Standard<br \/>\n1, wherein it is stated that reports shall contain a<br \/>\nspecific reference to the definition of Market Value<br \/>\nas set forth in the Standard, together with specific<br \/>\nreference as to how the property has been viewed<br \/>\nin terms of its utility or its highest and best use (or<br \/>\nmost probable use) and a statement of all substan-<\/p>\n<p>Standards Committee<br \/>\nRay Bower, AACI, P. App. \u2013 Chair<br \/>\nIain Hyslop, AACI, P. App.<br \/>\nBrian Varner, AACI, P. App.<br \/>\nChris Perret, AACI, P. App.<br \/>\nGeorge Ward, AACI, P. App.<br \/>\nTo contact this committee email:<br \/>\nstandards@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>End notes<br \/>\n1  IVS, 8th Edition \u2013 Code of Conduct<br \/>\n2  IVS,  8th Edition \u2013 Introduction to Standards<br \/>\n3  CUSPAP \u2013 Practice Note 12.11.1 &#8211; 2008<br \/>\n4  CUSPAP \u2013 Practice Note 12.30.1.ii &#8211; 2008<br \/>\n5  IVS, 8th Edition \u2013 Standard 3 \u2013 5.1.9 &#8211; 2007<br \/>\n6  IVS,  8th Edition \u2013 Standard 3 \u2013 5.1.4.3 &#8211; 2007<br \/>\n7  CUSPAP \u2013 Definitions &#8211; 2008<br \/>\n8  IVS,  8th Edition \u2013 Standard 3 \u2013 5.2.1<br \/>\n9  IVS, 8th Edition \u2013 Standard 1 \u2013 7.1<br \/>\n10  IVS, 8th Edition \u2013 Standard 3 \u2013 5.1.8 &#8211; 2007<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>mailto:standards@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.caamp.org<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada22<\/p>\n<p>ou are a designated member of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada (AIC).<br \/>\nYou have dedicated a tremendous <\/p>\n<p>amount of time and effort to obtaining your<br \/>\ndesignation through education, experience and<br \/>\nethical practices. Your signature as a designated<br \/>\nmember represents your acceptance of full<br \/>\nresponsibility for the product to which it is<br \/>\napplied. Your signature is your \u2018seal of approval\u2019<br \/>\n\u2013 it belongs to you and you alone.<\/p>\n<p>As a co-signor of fee appraisal reports, you<br \/>\nmust accept full responsibility for the work<br \/>\nproduced. \u2018Co-signature\u2019 is defined in CUSPAP<br \/>\n(2.20) as \u201cpersonalized evidence indicating<br \/>\nauthentication of the work performed by<br \/>\nthe members as joint authors, where each<br \/>\nis responsible for content, analyses, and the<br \/>\nconclusions in the report; a member cannot<br \/>\nco-sign a report with a student or non-<br \/>\nmember.\u201d It is unethical for a member to sign<br \/>\nor co-sign an appraisal without accepting<br \/>\nresponsibility for the contents of the entire<br \/>\nreport, unless the member clearly and<br \/>\nprecisely indicates the portion or portions of<br \/>\nthe report for which responsibility is or is not<br \/>\naccepted. Not only is it outlined in our bylaws<br \/>\nand regulations, but is it not common sense to<br \/>\nfully understand and agree with anything to<br \/>\nwhich you put your signature?<\/p>\n<p>It is not a requirement that the co-signor<br \/>\nhave immediate involvement with every step<br \/>\nof the appraisal process, such as physical<br \/>\ninspection of the property or verification of<br \/>\nresearch, for example. It is the responsibility<br \/>\nof the co-signor, however, that the contents<br \/>\nof the report meet the requirements of AIC,<br \/>\nand that the methodology in arriving at<br \/>\nconclusions and the final value is in compliance<br \/>\nwith CUSPAP.<\/p>\n<p>Co-signing means<br \/>\naccepting full responsibility<\/p>\n<p>Y<\/p>\n<p>Professional Qualifications and Competency<br \/>\nBy Anna Meckling, AACI, P. App., Chair, <\/p>\n<p>Professional Qualifications and Competency Committee<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 23<\/p>\n<p>Professional Qualifications<br \/>\nand Competency Committee<br \/>\nAnna Meckling, AACI, P. App. \u2013 Chair<br \/>\nBrad Brewster, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nRoland Mayr, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nCharles Johnstone, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nJohn Yannacopoulos, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nSuzanne Teal, Executive Director,<br \/>\n   AIC Alberta<br \/>\nTo contact this committee email:<br \/>\npqcc@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>The page www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage.<br \/>\naspx?id=114 in the Members Section of the<br \/>\nAIC website outlines a number of guidelines<br \/>\nfor co-signors, detailing the methodology in<br \/>\npreparing an appraisal report. Without going<br \/>\ninto detail, the topics covered include:<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t Problem\tIdentification<br \/>\n\u2022\t Property\tContent<br \/>\n\u2022\t Property\tRights<br \/>\n\u2022\t Definition\tof\tValue<br \/>\n\u2022\t Intended\tUse,\tPurpose\t&#038;\tScope<br \/>\n\u2022\t Highest\t&#038;\tBest\tUse<br \/>\n\u2022\t Economic\tVariables<br \/>\n\u2022\t Legal\tIssues<br \/>\n\u2022\t Research<br \/>\n\u2022\t Approaches\tto\tValue<br \/>\n\u2022\t Ethics<br \/>\n\u2022\t Effective\tCommunication<br \/>\n\u2022\t Critical\tThinking<\/p>\n<p>On January 1, 2006, the Candidate Co-signing<br \/>\nRegistry was introduced. The intent of the<br \/>\npolicy was to ensure that Candidate members<br \/>\nreceived appropriate supervision and profes-<br \/>\nsional support necessary to achieve their desig-<br \/>\nnations. To achieve those goals, the number<br \/>\nof Candidates per designated member was<br \/>\nlimited to \u20184+4.\u2019 There have been numerous<br \/>\nconcerns raised by the membership on both<br \/>\nsides of this issue \u2013 some feel that they can<br \/>\nadequately provide training and supervision<br \/>\nto a greater number of Candidate members<br \/>\nthan the allowed \u20184+4\u2019 and that the policy is<br \/>\nlimiting their company\u2019s potential. Others feel<br \/>\nthat the \u20184+4\u2019 policy leaves the co-signor with<br \/>\nan unmanageable amount of responsibility.<br \/>\nFurther, concerns have been expressed by the<br \/>\nmembership over \u2018distance co-signing\u2019 creating<br \/>\nundesirable and potentially unethical work<br \/>\npractices.<\/p>\n<p>The PQCC is addressing these issues<br \/>\non an ongoing basis and will be making<br \/>\nrecommendations to the Board. A number of<br \/>\nideas have been discussed, such as:<\/p>\n<p>That the \u2018Guidelines\u2019 for co-signors<br \/>\n(discussed above) be renamed to<br \/>\n\u2018Requirements\u2019 to strengthen their importance.<\/p>\n<p>That any co-signing that involves a<br \/>\ndistance relationship, where the co-signor<br \/>\nand Candidate do not work out of the same<br \/>\noffice or geographical market area, requires<br \/>\napproval (even for CAN1 registrations under<br \/>\nthe Co-signing Policy).<\/p>\n<p>That all co-signing based on a distance<br \/>\nrelationship be required to submit work<br \/>\nproduct to a peer review process to ensure<br \/>\nthat the work product meets the CUSPAP<br \/>\nrequirements.<\/p>\n<p>That all co-signing relationships where<br \/>\nthe designated member and Candidate do<br \/>\nnot work in the same province be formally<br \/>\nrecognized as requiring an application for<br \/>\nexemption.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cConsider yourself<br \/>\nthe captain of <\/p>\n<p>an aircraft. You<br \/>\nare an expert in <\/p>\n<p>your field and you<br \/>\nare ultimately <\/p>\n<p>responsible for the<br \/>\nactions of your  <\/p>\n<p>first officer.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Consider yourself the captain of an<br \/>\naircraft. You are an expert in your field<br \/>\nand you are ultimately responsible for<br \/>\nthe actions of your first officer. I can bet<br \/>\nthat you will make sure that your first<br \/>\nofficer is competent before you take off,<br \/>\nbecause your life as well as that of the<br \/>\nother passengers depends on it. You are<br \/>\na designated member of the Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada. You are a Real Value<br \/>\nExpert. Your life will not depend on your<br \/>\ndue diligence as a responsible co-signor;<br \/>\nhowever, your livelihood and your<br \/>\nreputation, along with the other members<br \/>\nof the AIC, very well may.  <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>mailto:pqcc@aicanada.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada24<\/p>\n<p>One of Canada\u2019s most scenic villages, Mont-<br \/>\nTremblant, Qu\u00e9bec, will be the venue for the<br \/>\nAnnual Conference of the Appraisal Institute<br \/>\nof Canada (AIC) from May 27-30. Mont-<br \/>\nTremblant is rich in history, music, raw beauty<br \/>\nand hospitality. <\/p>\n<p>The organizing committee is very eager<br \/>\nto share the history, culture and spirit of this<br \/>\nbeautiful village with their colleagues from<br \/>\nacross the country, while at the same time<br \/>\noffering a stellar and progressive program. <\/p>\n<p>This year\u2019s theme: The Pillars of<br \/>\nProfessionalism: Education, Experience, High<br \/>\nStandards will serve as the foundation<br \/>\nof a program that promises to be filled<br \/>\nwith concurrent sessions that will assist in<br \/>\nenhancing valuation skill sets and provide you<br \/>\nadditional tools needed to succeed in this<br \/>\never-evolving profession.<\/p>\n<p>On Thursday morning, our keynote<br \/>\nspeaker, Ms. Lise Rochette, Partner<br \/>\nwith Fasken Martineau in Montreal, will<br \/>\nopen the conference addressing the role of<br \/>\nAIC members as professionals in the property<br \/>\nvaluation field, sharing experiences and<br \/>\nthought-provoking points of discussion. Ms.<br \/>\nRochette practices real estate law as well as<br \/>\nmortgage and bank financing, with a particular<br \/>\nfocus on multi-faceted real estate development<br \/>\ntransactions, development, major dispositions<br \/>\nand acquisitions of real estate, and construction<br \/>\nfinancing. She has regularly represented<br \/>\nimportant Canadian pension funds in large <\/p>\n<p>Appraisal Institute of Canada <\/p>\n<p>2009 Annual Conference<br \/>\nFairmont Hotel Mont-Tremblant May 27 \u2013 30, 2009<\/p>\n<p>acquisition and disposition transactions.<br \/>\n Also on our program as a spotlight <\/p>\n<p>speaker is Dr. Tsur Somerville, Director<br \/>\nof the UBC Centre for Urban Econom-<br \/>\nics and Real Estate, Associate Professor of<br \/>\nStrategy &#038; Business Economics, and holder of<br \/>\nthe Real Estate Foundation Professorship in<br \/>\nReal Estate Finance at the University of British<br \/>\nColumbia\u2019s Sauder School of Business. He will<br \/>\naddress the topic of the Canadian housing<br \/>\nmarket in the current global economy. <\/p>\n<p>Some of the interesting topics we have<br \/>\nlined up include: <\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t How\tdoes\tthe\tweakening\tglobal<br \/>\neconomy affect real estate<br \/>\ntransactions?<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t The\tfuture\tof\tgreen\tbuildings\t\u2013<br \/>\nthe Canadian landscape<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t International\tstandards<br \/>\n\u2022\t How\tto\tdo\tbusiness\twith\tthe\t<\/p>\n<p>Canadian government<br \/>\n\u2022\t Are\tCanadian\thousing\tmarkets\t<\/p>\n<p>over-priced?<br \/>\n\u2022\t International Financial Reporting <\/p>\n<p>Standards (IFRS)<br \/>\n\u2022\t Tour\tof\tMirabel\tAirport\tand\t<\/p>\n<p>environs<br \/>\n\u2022\t Plus\tmany\tothers<br \/>\nA detailed program may be viewed on <\/p>\n<p>the AIC website www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage.<br \/>\naspx?id=138 <\/p>\n<p>The committee has planned a fantastic net-<br \/>\nworking evening. Conference participants will <\/p>\n<p>be introduced to local foods, culture and talent.<br \/>\nThe evening is being held at the Hotel du Lac on<br \/>\nthe shore of beautiful Lac Tremblant, where we<br \/>\nare offered a splendid view of Mont-Tremblant.<\/p>\n<p>This year\u2019s conference is being held at the<br \/>\nFairmont Hotel, located in the heart of the<br \/>\nvillage, and within walking distance to dozens<br \/>\nof restaurants and pubs and shops.<br \/>\nwww.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage.aspx?id=139 <\/p>\n<p>Qu\u00e9bec hospitality will be evident in<br \/>\nabundance during the conference, with a<br \/>\nvaried program comprised of local tours and, of<br \/>\ncourse, the opportunity to play on a premiere<br \/>\ngolf course. <\/p>\n<p>When visiting AIC\u2019s website http:\/\/www.<br \/>\naicanada.ca\/cmsPage.aspx?id=138, click on the<br \/>\ntravel and accommodation icon and you will see<br \/>\nthat group rates have been established through<br \/>\nBudget and Avis. AIC has also arranged 10%<br \/>\ndiscounts on airfare with Air Canada and WestJet<br \/>\nthrough their group booking program. Instruc-<br \/>\ntions can also be found on the same website link.  <\/p>\n<p>Shuttles will be running from Montreal\u2019s<br \/>\nPierre Elliott Trudeau Airport to the Fairmont and<br \/>\nreturning to the airport on peak travel days. The<br \/>\nshuttle fee is $70 [15% taxes excluded] per round<br \/>\ntrip per person to and from Mont Tremblant.<br \/>\nWhen registering online, you will be given the<br \/>\noption of selecting your shuttle dates and times<br \/>\nto and from the Pierre Elliott Trudeau Airport. <\/p>\n<p>If you have not yet been to this part of<br \/>\nCanada, you are in for a treat. Mark your<br \/>\ncalendar and make your plans to attend.<\/p>\n<p>The Appraisal Institute of Canada \u2013 Qu\u00e9bec <\/p>\n<p>If\tyou\thave\tquestions,\tplease\tcontact\tMarie-Louise\tDoyle,<br \/>\nAIC\tConference\t&#038;\tMeetings\tPlanner\tvia\temail\tat\tmaried@aicanada.ca <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage.aspx?id=139<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www<br \/>\nmailto:maried@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 25<\/p>\n<p>Conf\u00e9rence Annuelle 2009<br \/>\nde l\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nH\u00f4tel Fairmont Mont-Tremblant du 27 au 30 mai 2009<\/p>\n<p>Un des villages les plus pittoresques du Canada,<br \/>\nMont-Tremblant, au Qu\u00e9bec, sera l\u2019h\u00f4te de la<br \/>\nconf\u00e9rence annuelle de l\u2019ICE, qui se tiendra du<br \/>\n27\u00a0au 30\u00a0mai. La richesse de Mont-Tremblant tient<br \/>\n\u00e0 son histoire, \u00e0 sa musique, \u00e0 sa beaut\u00e9 grandiose<br \/>\net \u00e0 son hospitalit\u00e9. <\/p>\n<p>Le comit\u00e9 organisateur a tr\u00e8s h\u00e2te de partager<br \/>\nl\u2019histoire, la culture et l\u2019\u00e2me de ce village d\u2019une<br \/>\ngrande beaut\u00e9 avec ses coll\u00e8gues de l\u2019ensemble<br \/>\ndu pays, tout en offrant un programme stellaire<br \/>\net progressif. Le th\u00e8me retenu pour l\u2019occasion,<br \/>\nsoit \u00ab\u00a0Les piliers du professionnalisme\u00a0: \u00e9ducation,<br \/>\nexp\u00e9rience, normes \u00e9lev\u00e9es\u00a0\u00bb servira de base \u00e0<br \/>\nun programme qui promet d\u2019offrir des s\u00e9ances<br \/>\nsimultan\u00e9es qui vous aideront \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer vos<br \/>\naptitudes en \u00e9valuation ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 accro\u00eetre les<br \/>\noutils n\u00e9cessaires pour r\u00e9ussir dans cette profession<br \/>\nen pleine \u00e9volution.<\/p>\n<p>Le jeudi matin, la conf\u00e9renci\u00e8re<br \/>\nd\u2019honneur, Mme\u00a0Lise Rochette, partenaire<br \/>\nchez Fasken Martineau de Montr\u00e9al,<br \/>\ninaugurera la conf\u00e9rence en traitant du r\u00f4le des<br \/>\nmembres de l\u2019ICE en tant que professionnels<br \/>\ndans le domaine de l\u2019\u00e9valuation immobili\u00e8re ainsi<br \/>\nqu\u2019en partageant des exp\u00e9riences et des points de<br \/>\ndiscussion qui suscitent la r\u00e9flexion. Mme Rochette<br \/>\npratique dans les domaines du droit immobilier et<br \/>\ndu financement hypoth\u00e9caire et bancaire, en se<br \/>\nconcentrant plus particuli\u00e8rement sur les transac-<br \/>\ntions de d\u00e9veloppement immobilier \u00e0 plusieurs<br \/>\nfacettes, les acquisitions et les ventes d\u2019envergure<br \/>\nen immobilier et le financement de la construc-<br \/>\ntion. Elle a aussi repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on r\u00e9guli\u00e8re<br \/>\nd\u2019importants r\u00e9gimes de pension canadiens<br \/>\ndans des transactions d\u2019acquisition et de vente<br \/>\nd\u2019envergure. <\/p>\n<p> Un autre conf\u00e9rencier vedette figure aussi au<br \/>\nprogramme, le Dr\u00a0Tsur Somerville, Directeur<br \/>\ndu UBC\u00a0Centre for Urban Economics and<br \/>\nReal Estate, professeur associ\u00e9 de la Division de<br \/>\nla strat\u00e9gie et de l\u2019\u00e9conomie de l\u2019entreprise, et tit-<br \/>\nulaire de la Real Estate Foundation Professorship<br \/>\ndans le domaine des finances du secteur immo-<br \/>\nbilier de l\u2019\u00c9cole d\u2019\u00e9tudes commerciales Sauder de<br \/>\nl\u2019Universit\u00e9 de la Colombie-Britannique. Il traitera<br \/>\ndu march\u00e9 canadien de l\u2019habitation \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re<br \/>\nde l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale actuelle. <\/p>\n<p>Voici quelques-uns des sujets int\u00e9ressants qui<br \/>\nseront abord\u00e9s\u00a0: <\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t De\tquelle\tfa\u00e7on\tle\tralentissement\tde<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale affecte-t-il les<br \/>\ntransactions immobili\u00e8res?<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t L\u2019avenir\tdes\tb\u00e2timents\t\u00e9cologiques\t\u2013<br \/>\nle\tpaysage\tcanadien<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\t Les\tnormes\tinternationales<br \/>\n\u2022\t Comment\tfaire\taffaire\tavec\tle\t<\/p>\n<p>gouvernement\tcanadien?<br \/>\n\u2022\t Les\tmarch\u00e9s\tcanadiens\tde\t<\/p>\n<p>l\u2019habitation sont-ils sur\u00e9valu\u00e9s?<br \/>\n\u2022\t Les Normes internationales sur les <\/p>\n<p>rapports financiers (NIRF)<br \/>\n\u2022\t Visite\tde\tl\u2019a\u00e9roport\tde\tMirabel\tet\tdes\t<\/p>\n<p>environs<br \/>\n\u2022\t Et\tplusieurs\tautres<br \/>\nIl est possible de consulter le programme <\/p>\n<p>d\u00e9taill\u00e9 sur le site\u00a0Web de l\u2019ICE, \u00e0\u00a0: http:\/\/www.<br \/>\naicanada.ca\/cmsPage.aspx?id=138 <\/p>\n<p>Le comit\u00e9 a planifi\u00e9 une soir\u00e9e de r\u00e9seau-<br \/>\ntage fantastique. Les participants seront initi\u00e9s<br \/>\naux plats, \u00e0 la culture et aux talents locaux. La<br \/>\nsoir\u00e9e se d\u00e9roulera \u00e0 l\u2019H\u00f4tel du Lac, qui est situ\u00e9<br \/>\nsur les rives du magnifique lac Tremblant et qui <\/p>\n<p>offre une vue splendide sur le Mont-Tremblant.<br \/>\nLa conf\u00e9rence de cette ann\u00e9e aura lieu \u00e0 <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019H\u00f4tel Fairmont, qui se trouve au c\u0153ur du vil-<br \/>\nlage, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 quelques minutes \u00e0 pied d\u2019une<br \/>\ndouzaine de restaurants, de brasseries et de<br \/>\nboutiques. http:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage.<br \/>\naspx?id=139 <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019hospitalit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec se manifestera \u00e0 de<br \/>\nnombreuses reprises au cours de la conf\u00e9rence<br \/>\ngr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un programme vari\u00e9 comprenant des<br \/>\nvisites locales et offrant la possibilit\u00e9 de jouer<br \/>\nsur un parcours de golf majestueux. <\/p>\n<p>Lorsque vous visiterez le site\u00a0Web de<br \/>\nl\u2019ICE,\u00a0http:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage.<br \/>\naspx?id=138, cliquez sur l\u2019ic\u00f4ne \u00ab\u00a0Transport<br \/>\net h\u00e9bergement\u00a0\u00bb. Vous verrez que des tarifs<br \/>\nde groupe ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablis avec Budget et Avis.<br \/>\nL\u2019ICE a obtenu un rabais de 10\u00a0% sur le tarif<br \/>\ndes billets d\u2019avion d\u2019Air\u00a0Canada et de WestJet<br \/>\nr\u00e9serv\u00e9s au moyen de leur programme de<br \/>\ngroupe. Des directives se trouvent \u00e0 cette<br \/>\nadresse.  <\/p>\n<p>Des navettes feront l\u2019aller-retour entre<br \/>\nl\u2019a\u00e9roport Pierre Elliot Trudeau de Montr\u00e9al et<br \/>\nl\u2019H\u00f4tel Fairmont lors des journ\u00e9es de pointe.<br \/>\nLe co\u00fbt de la navette est de 70\u00a0$ [taxes de<br \/>\n15\u00a0% non comprises] par aller-retour par<br \/>\npersonne \u00e0 destination et en provenance de<br \/>\nMont-Tremblant. Lorsque vous vous inscrirez<br \/>\nen ligne, on vous offrira la possibilit\u00e9 de<br \/>\nchoisir les dates et les heures pour la navette<br \/>\n\u00e0 destination et en provenance de l\u2019a\u00e9roport<br \/>\nPierre Elliot Trudeau. <\/p>\n<p>Si vous n\u2019avez jamais visit\u00e9 cette partie du<br \/>\nCanada, vous serez combl\u00e9. Faites une croix sur<br \/>\nvotre calendrier et planifiez votre participation.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Association du Qu\u00e9bec de l\u2019Institut Canadien des \u00c9valuateurs (AQICe)<\/p>\n<p>Si\tvous\tavez\tdes\tquestions,\tveuillez\tcommuniquer\tavec\tMarie-Louise\tDoyle,<br \/>\nPlanificatrice de la conf\u00e9rence et des r\u00e9unions, par courriel \u00e0 l\u2019adresse maried@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada26<\/p>\n<p>recommendations to the President-Elect for<br \/>\nthe appointments. These nominations are then<br \/>\nratified by the Board, and, once appointed, the<br \/>\nmembers serve for a fixed term of not longer<br \/>\nthan six years.  <\/p>\n<p>Financial security would typically refer to<br \/>\nthe salary and benefits of those appointed to<br \/>\nthe committees. However, as all committee<br \/>\nmembers are unpaid volunteers, this is not<br \/>\na factor. Those who have sought out the<br \/>\nresponsibility of service on a professional<br \/>\npractice committee have done so out of<br \/>\na desire to give back to the profession; to<br \/>\nprovide a forum for educating their peers. The<br \/>\nprofessional practice committees are assigned<br \/>\nbudgets in order to manage their affairs. The<br \/>\nprofessional practice committees also receive<br \/>\nthe independent administrative support from<br \/>\nstaff and contractors to perform their key<br \/>\nfunctions for AIC.  <\/p>\n<p>Institutional independence refers to a<br \/>\nnumber of interrelated facts. The Board of <\/p>\n<p>Independent adjudication<\/p>\n<p>he independence of the professional<br \/>\npractice committees is a long-<br \/>\nestablished principle. The Adjudicating <\/p>\n<p>and Appeal committees are independent<br \/>\ntribunals, created by the Appraisal Institute of<br \/>\nCanada (AIC) as specialized expert panels to<br \/>\nhear matters referred to them by the Advocate<br \/>\nProfessional Practice. It is important for all of<br \/>\nthe professional practice committees to make<br \/>\ndecisions on the matters referred to them in<br \/>\nan independent and impartial manner without<br \/>\ninterference from the Board of Directors, staff<br \/>\nor members of AIC.<\/p>\n<p>The concepts of independence and<br \/>\nimpartiality, although related, are separate and<br \/>\ndistinct values. Impartiality refers to the state<br \/>\nof mind or attitude of the hearing panel in<br \/>\nrelation to the particular issues and the parties<br \/>\nbefore them. Independence is not only about<br \/>\na state of mind, but about the relationship to<br \/>\nthe national Board or governance of AIC that<br \/>\nrelies on objective conditions and guarantees<br \/>\nprovided to the professional practice<br \/>\ncommittees.<\/p>\n<p>The concept of independence has<br \/>\nthree main characteristics: security of<br \/>\ntenure, financial security, and institutional<br \/>\nindependence.<\/p>\n<p>Security of tenure refers to the<br \/>\nappointment and the fixed term to which a<br \/>\ncommittee member is appointed. Annually,<br \/>\nthe Nominations Committee, chaired by the<br \/>\nImmediate Past President, seeks volunteers to<br \/>\nserve on the professional practice committees<br \/>\nand all committees in general. The committee<br \/>\nscreens the volunteer applicants based on<br \/>\nqualifications and skills required by each<br \/>\ncommittee and, in consultation with the<br \/>\nappropriate committee chairs, submits <\/p>\n<p>By Sheila Young, AACI, P. App., Chair, Professional Affairs Coordinating Committee<\/p>\n<p>Professional Affairs<br \/>\nCoordinating Committee<br \/>\nSheila Young, AACI, P. App., \u2013 Chair,<br \/>\nPresident Elect<br \/>\nPeter Lawrek, AACI, P. App. \u2013<br \/>\nChair Adjudicating Committee<br \/>\nJohn Hutchinson, AACI, P. App. \u2013<br \/>\nChair Investigating Committee<br \/>\nLeonard Lee, AACI, P. App. \u2013<br \/>\nChair Appeal Committee<br \/>\nRay Bower, AACI, P. App. \u2013<br \/>\nChair Standards Committee<br \/>\nTo contact this committee email:<br \/>\nprofessionalaffairs@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>T<\/p>\n<p>Professional Affairs<\/p>\n<p>Directors plays no role and has no say in the<br \/>\ndecisions of the Adjudicating and Appeal<br \/>\ncommittee hearings. Each committee<br \/>\nindependently determines who shall act as<br \/>\nchair of a panel and who serves as panel<br \/>\nmembers, subject to any conflicts of interest.<br \/>\nComplaints submitted to AIC are investigated,<br \/>\nand, at each stage in the process, an<br \/>\nindependent and impartial decision is<br \/>\nmade. Confidentiality of the complaint files<br \/>\nand the decisions rendered are maintained<br \/>\nthroughout, such that the names of members<br \/>\nunder investigation and the outcomes of such<br \/>\ninvestigations are never shared with those<br \/>\noutside of the professional practice process. <\/p>\n<p>The Institute values the integrity and<br \/>\ndeference afforded to the professional<br \/>\npractice committees. It has reinforced these<br \/>\nqualities in the regulations and commends<br \/>\nthose who have volunteered their time<br \/>\nand expertise for the improvement of our<br \/>\nprofession.  <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>mailto:professionalaffairs@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 27<\/p>\n<p>REAL VALUE EXPERTS<\/p>\n<p>EXPERTS EN \u00c9VALUATION<\/p>\n<p>arly in 2008, AIC launched a new logo,<br \/>\nnew taglines \u2013 \u2018Real Value Experts\u2019<br \/>\nand \u2018We Value Canada,\u2019 a corporate <\/p>\n<p>brochure, member designation pins, and the<br \/>\ne-store featuring corporate merchandise.<br \/>\nLate in 2008, AIC launched a new website,<br \/>\ncreated tradeshow booth graphics for national<br \/>\nas well as provincial associations to use at<br \/>\ntradeshows, delivered the CD member toolkit,<br \/>\nand introduced new designation certificates.<br \/>\nBeginning in November 2008, AIC ran a<br \/>\nseries of six quarter page advertisements in<br \/>\nthe Globe and Mail in 10 major cities, and,<br \/>\nduring the period September 2008 through<br \/>\nMarch 2009, will have run 40 trade magazine<br \/>\nadvertisements. <\/p>\n<p>As a marketer, you must first define<br \/>\nyour client, determine your unique value<br \/>\nproposition, and then deliver compelling<br \/>\ncommunications, while adding value to your<br \/>\ncustomer\u2019s experience through innovative<br \/>\nprograms. At AIC, our customer base includes<br \/>\nfinancial institutions, government officials,<br \/>\nand the legal community. If you happen to<br \/>\nbe a subscriber to CA Magazine, Canadian<br \/>\nLawyer, National Magazine, CGA Magazine,<br \/>\nPlan Canada, Investment Executive, CAAMP<br \/>\nor Canadian Mortgage Professional, you<br \/>\nhave probably seen some of AIC\u2019s new<br \/>\nadvertisements. From headlines such as<br \/>\n\u2018Prices are all over the map! We need a real<br \/>\nproperty valuation\u2019 to \u2018It\u2019s public land. Who<br \/>\ncan assess our best long-term options?,\u2019 the<br \/>\nadvertisements are tailored to the individual<br \/>\npublications. If you have not yet seen these<br \/>\nadvertisements, copies are posted at www.<br \/>\naicanada.ca\/cmsPage.aspx?id=186 in the<br \/>\nMembers Section of the AIC website.<\/p>\n<p>The AIC marketing strategy does not <\/p>\n<p>end at advertising to our clients; AIC must<br \/>\nalso continue to recruit members in order<br \/>\nto sustain the future of the membership.<br \/>\nWith statistics showing 40% of the<br \/>\nmembership will retire in the next 10 years,<br \/>\nAIC has initiated a strong online recruitment<br \/>\nadvertising campaign on Workopolis and<br \/>\nMonster. These online ads direct viewers to<br \/>\nAIC\u2019s new recruitment website, specifically<br \/>\ncreated to communicate with potential<br \/>\nfuture CRAs and AACIs. This website speaks<br \/>\nto the next generation of appraisers by using<br \/>\ntestimonial video clips from a wide range of<br \/>\nAIC\u2019s practising professionals.<\/p>\n<p>In early 2009, AIC launched this<br \/>\nrecruitment website and online advertising.<br \/>\nIn addition, both AIC and the provincial<br \/>\nassociations are representing the profession<br \/>\nat career fairs and tradeshows. Plans are<br \/>\nalso in place to offer website templates to<br \/>\nmembers who do not have a web presence,<br \/>\nafter the standardized provincial websites<br \/>\nhave been launched. We will also be directing <\/p>\n<p>By Laura Kemp,\tCandidate\tMember,\tMarketing\t&#038;\tCommunications\tCommittee<\/p>\n<p>Where is the marketing?<\/p>\n<p>Marketing and Communications<\/p>\n<p>E a continued awareness advertising campaign to our clients.Although AIC has a job to do in<br \/>\nestablishing, promoting and growing a brand,<br \/>\neach and every member also has a role to<br \/>\nplay. A brand is much more than a logo, a<br \/>\ntagline or advertising. A brand is a reputation.<br \/>\nThe reputation of every member creates the<br \/>\nbrand of the AIC. A strong brand has public<br \/>\nawareness. Think of President\u2019s Choice,<br \/>\nalmost all Canadians know who they are and<br \/>\nwhat they do. In order to build the AIC brand<br \/>\nawareness and benefit the members, we must<br \/>\nall help to create public awareness. You can<br \/>\ndo this by placing the new AIC logo on your<br \/>\nbusiness cards, letterhead, appraisal reports<br \/>\nand company website. You can distribute<br \/>\ncopies of the AIC brochure We Value Canada<br \/>\nto your customers after obtaining these<br \/>\nbrochures from AIC\u2019s online e-store. These<br \/>\nwill be sent to you at limited cost as you pay<br \/>\nfor only the shipping.  And finally, one simple<br \/>\nact on your part \u2013 wearing your designation<br \/>\npin on your jacket and explaining what you<br \/>\ndo to anyone who asks can go a long way<br \/>\nto helping solidify our AIC brand in the real<br \/>\nproperty marketplace.  <\/p>\n<p>Marketing and<br \/>\nCommunications Committee<br \/>\nPaul Olscamp, AACI, P. App., Fellow \u2013 Chair<br \/>\nGlen Power, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nTom Fox, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nLaura Kemp, Candidate<br \/>\nBeverley Girvan, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nTo contact this committee email:<br \/>\ncommunications@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage.aspx?id=186<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/cmsPage.aspx?id=186<br \/>\nmailto:communications@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada28<\/p>\n<p>he sinking feeling you get in the pit of your<br \/>\nstomach when you discover that one of<br \/>\nyour reports has been modified is your call <\/p>\n<p>to action. Now you have to implement your plan<br \/>\nfor dealing with such a situation. Like a fire drill<br \/>\nor an evacuation plan, you should have a strategy<br \/>\nfor dealing with fraud, and controls in place to<br \/>\ndetect fraudulent activity. If not, do not panic,<br \/>\nyou can still take measures to protect yourself.<\/p>\n<p>Fraud detection measures are a first step.<br \/>\nConsider what procedures you have in place<br \/>\nto get to know all the parties to a particular<br \/>\ntransaction, and their relationship to each other,<br \/>\nparticularly if this might not be an arm\u2019s length<br \/>\ntransaction. It is also important to review your<br \/>\ndatabase to ascertain if you have previously<br \/>\nappraised a property. <\/p>\n<p>If you are being asked to appraise a property<br \/>\nthat was recently appraised for someone else,<br \/>\nask yourself if this property is being flipped. It is<br \/>\nprudent to pay closer attention to the purpose of <\/p>\n<p>Dealing with fraud<\/p>\n<p>T the appraisal if it is for secondary financing or a further resale.  The lenders who rely on your professional<br \/>\nservices have in place the means to detect pat-<br \/>\nterns of behaviour that look like fraud, and your<br \/>\nservices are a part of that process. They conduct<br \/>\ninternal investigations and refer matters to the<br \/>\npolice and to AIC for appropriate action.<\/p>\n<p>The most common situation you will uncover<br \/>\nis that a report you have prepared has been<br \/>\naltered by someone else, and is being passed off<br \/>\nas a valid report based on your good reputation.<br \/>\nYou may not know this has happened or how long<br \/>\nit has been going on, so maintaining your relations<br \/>\nwith lender clients is an important means of<br \/>\npreventing reliance on fraudulent reports.<\/p>\n<p>When fraud occurs or you suspect fraudulent<br \/>\nactivity, the lenders have an expectation that you<br \/>\nwill alert them of this so that they can take steps to<br \/>\nprotect themselves. It remains their decision to act<br \/>\non that information and decide how to proceed. <\/p>\n<p>Robert Patchett<br \/>\nLL.B, CD, AIC Counsellor, <\/p>\n<p>Professional Practice<\/p>\n<p>From the Counsellor\u2019s Desk<\/p>\n<p>Document your discussions in your work file, as that<br \/>\nwill aid to protect you in the event of a claim. This act<br \/>\nalone will significantly strengthen your reputation<br \/>\nwith the lenders. A lender should always contact you<br \/>\nfor a true copy of your appraisal report before he or<br \/>\nshe relies on it. Through collaborating to ensure your<br \/>\nrecords match their information, you prevent fraud.<br \/>\nHowever, should you become aware that one of your<br \/>\nreports is in circulation without your authorization,<br \/>\nit is important to notify all lenders about this so that<br \/>\nno other lender may inadvertently rely on it. Lenders<br \/>\nhave assured AIC that they consider this two-way<br \/>\ndialogue to be an important aspect of the service you<br \/>\nprovide to them.<\/p>\n<p>The next important step is to contact your local<br \/>\npolice force to report the fraudulent activity. Investi-<br \/>\ngations may take a long time before you hear about<br \/>\nany criminal charges or the outcome, but unless you<br \/>\nreport it, fraud cannot be prevented. It may be that<br \/>\nyou know the individual that modified the report;<br \/>\nhowever, you must let the police investigate and take<br \/>\nall steps, including the laying of charges if appropriate.<br \/>\nYou should always cooperate with them during the<br \/>\ninvestigation and the prosecution of appraisal fraud.  <\/p>\n<p>Consider what fraud prevention measures you can<br \/>\nadopt. The most important measure is digital security.<br \/>\nA document in PDF form is not considered a secure<br \/>\ndocument. Adopt password protections or digital<br \/>\nsignature and security software whenever you pro-<br \/>\nvide electronic reports to clients. Typically, your report<br \/>\nis uploaded to a website or e-mailed to your client.<br \/>\nBecause of this web-based method of transmitting<br \/>\nyour work, digital protection should be a cornerstone<br \/>\nof your business practice. This can and does go a long<br \/>\nway to prevent fraud, since any modification should<br \/>\nautomatically invalidate the digital certificates.  <\/p>\n<p>Finally, remember that you can and should con-<br \/>\ntact the Counsellor, Professional Practice and your<br \/>\nclaims adjustors for advice and guidance. If we are<br \/>\nall vigilant, fraud and its impact can be minimized.<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.notarius.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.notarius.com\/en<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 29<\/p>\n<p>Peer Review<\/p>\n<p>AIC\u2019s Peer Review Project<\/p>\n<p>ne of the Key Result Areas for<br \/>\nProfessional Affairs and Member<br \/>\nServices in the Appraisal Institute <\/p>\n<p>of Canada (AIC) 2007-2010 Strategic Plan is<br \/>\nto \u201c\u2026develop a plan whereby an affordable<br \/>\nand effective peer review system may be<br \/>\nestablished.\u201d The Strategic Plan also states that<br \/>\n\u201c\u2026the introduction of continuing competency<br \/>\nresources including peer review\u2026will result in<br \/>\nreduced claims and complaints.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>AIC recognizes that a peer review program<br \/>\ncould have many potential benefits, not only to<br \/>\nmembers, but also to AIC and the users of our<br \/>\nmember services. AIC also takes the position<br \/>\nthat any new program must be cost effective.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, in June 2008, AIC\u2019s Board of<br \/>\nDirectors gave the Ad Hoc Committee on Peer<br \/>\nReview a mandate to run a one-year Peer Review<br \/>\nPilot Project focusing on residential form reports.<br \/>\nThe primary objective of the pilot project is to<br \/>\nacquire actual cost and benefit data which will<br \/>\nassist the Board with future decisions relating<br \/>\nto peer review. The secondary objective of the<br \/>\npilot project is to develop a practical and efficient<br \/>\npeer review program infrastructure which will be<br \/>\ninvaluable should the Board choose to pursue an<br \/>\nexpanded program.  <\/p>\n<p>O The pilot project has a purely educational focus. The Counsellor, Professional Practice receives some files that have deficiencies,<br \/>\nbut not to the extent that would warrant<br \/>\na formal investigation. It is these files that<br \/>\nbecome candidates for the pilot project.<\/p>\n<p>With the consent of the member, an<br \/>\nappraisal report and its work file are sent to<br \/>\na trained reviewer. The peer review consists<br \/>\nof a comprehensive checklist and a written<br \/>\nreport to the member that identifies the<br \/>\nreport\u2019s deficiencies. Importantly, the review<br \/>\ngoes beyond simply identifying deficiencies,<br \/>\nas it also provides the member with practical<br \/>\nsuggestions and constructive criticism. The<br \/>\ngoal is to learn from shared experience and<br \/>\nbecome better practitioners.<\/p>\n<p>During the last few months of 2008,<br \/>\nthe Ad Hoc Committee on Peer Review has<br \/>\ncreated a program infrastructure which<br \/>\nincludes reviewer application forms and a<br \/>\nselection process, a program procedures<br \/>\nmanual, review forms and guidelines, and<br \/>\nfeedback questionnaires for reviewers and<br \/>\nreviewees.<\/p>\n<p>Following a detailed selection process, 12<br \/>\nAIC members were selected to be reviewers.<br \/>\nThe 12 reviewers enrolled in UBC\u2019s Appraisal<br \/>\nReview course (CPD115), and attended a<br \/>\ntraining seminar in November 2008.<\/p>\n<p>The pilot project was launched on<br \/>\nJanuary 1 2009 for a period of one year.<br \/>\nOn an ongoing basis, the committee is<br \/>\ncollecting input from all involved parties<br \/>\n(committee members, reviewers, reviewees,<br \/>\nAIC staff, etc.). This feedback will allow<br \/>\nus to continually improve the program<br \/>\ninfrastructure, and also to measure and<br \/>\nreport the cost\/benefit data to the Board<br \/>\nof Directors. <\/p>\n<p>Ad\tHoc\tCommittee<br \/>\non Peer Review<br \/>\nMichael Garcelon, AACI, P. App. \u2013 Chair<br \/>\nLinda Hastings, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nRobert Stewart, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nGerald W. McCoombs, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nCherie Gaudet, CRA<br \/>\nTo contact this committee email:<br \/>\nprofessionalaffairs@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>By Michael Garcelon, AACI, P. App., Chair, Ad Hoc Committee on Peer Review<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAIC recognizes that a<br \/>\npeer review program <\/p>\n<p>could have many<br \/>\npotential benefits, not<br \/>\nonly to members, but <\/p>\n<p>also to AIC and the users<br \/>\nof our member services.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>mailto:professionalaffairs@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada30<\/p>\n<p>hen calculating total living<br \/>\narea space, the livable floor<br \/>\narea includes only livable area <\/p>\n<p>above-grade that is heated year round. This does<br \/>\nnot include three-season sun rooms, porches,<br \/>\nverandas, or heated garages. In establishing the<br \/>\nlivable floor area, consideration should be given to<br \/>\npotential use of the space. Where in question, the<br \/>\nmethodology used to establish livable floor area<br \/>\nshould be defined and applied consistently.<\/p>\n<p>Appraisers adhere to detailed criteria in<br \/>\ncalculating total or gross living area, typically distin-<br \/>\nguishing above-grade from below-grade. Above-<br \/>\ngrade is space on any level of a dwelling with living<br \/>\narea and, generally, has no earth adjacent to any<br \/>\nexterior wall on that level, i.e., anything above the<br \/>\nsill plate. Below-grade is space on any level which<br \/>\ngenerally has earth adjacent to any exterior wall. If<br \/>\nearth is adjacent to any portion of a wall, the entire<br \/>\nlevel is generally considered to be below-grade.<br \/>\nExceptions can apply, especially with dwellings<br \/>\nbuilt into hills or slopes. Established square footage<br \/>\nguidelines should be followed for your jurisdiction.<\/p>\n<p>Measurements<br \/>\nLiving area in a dwelling is based upon exterior<br \/>\nmeasurements. A 100-foot tape measure that<br \/>\nindicates linear footage in \u2018tenths of a foot\u2019 is<br \/>\nrecommended. This will eliminate conversions and<br \/>\nwill provide a more accurate calculation.    <\/p>\n<p>Begin at one corner of the dwelling; proceed<br \/>\nwith measuring each exterior wall, then round<br \/>\noff your measurements to the nearest inch. Make<br \/>\na sketch of the structure. As you measure each<br \/>\nwall, record each measurement on your sketch.<br \/>\nMeasure living areas and other areas, but identify<br \/>\nthem separately on your sketch. Look for offsets,<br \/>\ni.e., portions of walls that jut out, and adjust for <\/p>\n<p>any overlap of exterior walls or overhangs in upper<br \/>\nlevels.<\/p>\n<p>When you cannot measure an exterior surface,<br \/>\nmeasure interior perimeter walls and add an allow-<br \/>\nance for each exterior wall, using the thickness of<br \/>\nyour windows to determine the thickness of the<br \/>\nexterior wall.<\/p>\n<p>Measure all sides of the dwelling, making sure<br \/>\nthat the overall lengths of the front, rear and sides<br \/>\nequal the correct total. Be sure to inspect the inte-<br \/>\nrior of the dwelling, such as the garage, to identify<br \/>\nspaces which should be included in the living area.  <\/p>\n<p>Some dwellings have bay windows or circular<br \/>\nareas that jut out from the house. Split irregular<br \/>\nshapes into easy to calculate areas, such as<br \/>\ntriangles or rectangles. The dimensions of most<br \/>\ndwellings can be split into multiple shapes for<br \/>\ncalculations. Take additional measurements of<br \/>\nimportant segments, if you notice that odd shapes<br \/>\nare emerging as you sketch the house.<\/p>\n<p>Take a close look at your sketch before you<br \/>\nleave the dwelling. Should your diagram show<br \/>\nshorter portions of walls, in order to calculate the<br \/>\nareas of subdivided shapes? Is there anything else<br \/>\nyou should document? Double check your figures.<br \/>\nAppraisers who follow standard guidelines and<br \/>\ndocument their measuring procedures are better<br \/>\nequipped to defend their calculations if a complaint<br \/>\nis filed.  <\/p>\n<p>Calculating square footage<br \/>\nFrom your sketch, identify and separate living area<br \/>\nfrom other areas, such as garages, breezeways, etc.<br \/>\nIf measurements are in inches rather than tenths of<br \/>\na foot, convert your figures to a decimal. Calculate<br \/>\nthe living area by multiplying the length times the<br \/>\nwidth of each rectangular space. Then add your<br \/>\nsubtotals and round off your figure for the total <\/p>\n<p>By Dianna LeBreton, CRA, Member, CRA Focus<\/p>\n<p>How to measure and<br \/>\ncalculate residential square footage<\/p>\n<p>W<\/p>\n<p>CRA Focus<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 31<\/p>\n<p>square footage to the nearest square foot. Double<br \/>\ncheck your calculations. When in doubt, recheck<br \/>\nthem and, if necessary, re-measure the dwelling.<\/p>\n<p>When measuring an attached single-family<br \/>\ndwelling, multi-family dwellings and duplexes<br \/>\nuse the same techniques as described. If there is a<br \/>\ncommon wall, measure to the inside surface of the<br \/>\nwall. In the case of condominiums, measure the<br \/>\ninterior of the unit. Do not include any common<br \/>\nareas such as hallways.<\/p>\n<p>For proposed construction, square footage cal-<br \/>\nculations will be based upon dimensions described<br \/>\nin the blueprints and building plans. When report-<br \/>\ning the projected square footage, disclose that you<br \/>\nhave calculated the square footage based upon<br \/>\nplan dimensions. Therefore, the square footage<br \/>\nmay differ in the completed structure. Do not rely<br \/>\non any calculations printed on the plans.  <\/p>\n<p>Types of dwellings<br \/>\nOne-storey (basically self-explanatory) \u2013<br \/>\nExterior length times width of base of the dwelling<br \/>\nand exterior length times width of projections and<br \/>\ncantilevered areas. The area above-grade (ground)<br \/>\nis considered livable floor area.  Do not include<br \/>\nthe basement (below grade) area, developed or<br \/>\nundeveloped as livable floor area.<\/p>\n<p>One and one-half-storey without dor-<br \/>\nmers \u2013 The ground level is calculated the same<br \/>\nas a one-storey dwelling. The upper or second<br \/>\nlevel measurement, consider livable floor area as<br \/>\ninterior length times width to knee wall (angle<br \/>\nwhere the wall meets the ceiling), an additional<br \/>\n6 to 8 inches may be included to account for the<br \/>\nexterior wall.<\/p>\n<p>Basic two-storey \u2013 Exterior length times width<br \/>\nmultiplied by two.<\/p>\n<p>CRA Focus<br \/>\nEd Saxe, CRA \u2013 Chair<br \/>\nBrad Fast, CRA<br \/>\nDianna LeBreton, CRA<br \/>\nHerbert Jaques, CRA<br \/>\nPeter Atkinson, CRA<br \/>\nSandro Mavica, CRA<br \/>\nTony Miraglia, CRA<br \/>\nGreg Bennett, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nTo contact this committee email:<br \/>\ncrafocus@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Two-storey with built-in garage \u2013 Exterior<br \/>\nlength times width, excluding the garage, and<br \/>\nsecond level is exterior length times width.<\/p>\n<p>Bi-levels, raised bungalows or split<br \/>\nentries \u2013 Measure the exterior above-<br \/>\ngrade; basements in bi-levels are usually fully<br \/>\ndeveloped, however, this area is usually partly<br \/>\nbelow-grade and should not be included in the<br \/>\nlivable floor area. <\/p>\n<p>Split levels \u2013 Are generally the most<br \/>\nconfusing to measure, but remember to only<br \/>\ninclude the livable area that is above the sill<br \/>\nplate. Basement and crawl space areas are<br \/>\nnot considered to be livable floor area. Should<br \/>\nyou have a living space, sometimes beside the<br \/>\ngarage, that does not have a crawl space area or<br \/>\na basement beneath, this area is considered to be<br \/>\nlivable floor area because it is above-grade. <\/p>\n<p>For further information and diagrams, please<br \/>\nrefer to the Appraisal Institute of Canada Building<br \/>\nMeasurement Guidelines in the Members Section<br \/>\nof the website at www.aicanada.ca\/images\/<br \/>\ncontent\/docs\/aic_building_measurement_<br \/>\nguidelines_2006.pdf<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada32<\/p>\n<p>he UBC Real Estate Division (RED) has<br \/>\nrecently added live online instruction,<br \/>\nor \u2018webinars,\u2019 to its suite of distance <\/p>\n<p>education offerings. Over the past year, RED has<br \/>\nprovided live online classroom presentations for<br \/>\nselect AIC credit courses, an addition that has<br \/>\nmet with unanimous approval from students.<br \/>\nIn 2009, we expanded live online classroom<br \/>\ndelivery into further AIC credit courses and also<br \/>\ndeveloped a series of webinars for Continuing<br \/>\nProfessional Development (CPD) short courses.  <\/p>\n<p>The \u2018virtual\u2019 classroom<br \/>\nRED has more than 20 years of success in its<br \/>\ndistance education course delivery model. This<br \/>\nsuccess is based on a delivery platform that<br \/>\nworks well in real estate\u2019s unique environment:<br \/>\na geographically-dispersed student population<br \/>\nthat requires a number of highly specialized<br \/>\ncourses. With insufficient numbers of students<br \/>\nin most Canadian centres to regularly offer AIC<br \/>\ncourses face-to-face, this distance education<br \/>\nmodel has provided a useful and accessible<br \/>\nmeans of learning. Despite the success of our<br \/>\ndelivery model, we recognize these successes<br \/>\ncome at a cost. Learners all have unique<br \/>\nlearning styles and we know that our current<br \/>\ntext-based distance education model is not<br \/>\nalways ideal for everyone. We also know<br \/>\nthat a live classroom can offer a rich learning<br \/>\nexperience that is difficult to duplicate at a<br \/>\ndistance, losing both the spontaneity of \u2018real-<br \/>\ntime\u2019 classroom discussion and the camaraderie<br \/>\nof working alongside peers.<\/p>\n<p>The live online classroom offers a means to<br \/>\nregain many of the benefits of a face-to-face<br \/>\nclassroom, while still retaining the advantages<br \/>\nof distance education. Students see and hear<br \/>\na live instructor, who can elaborate on topics <\/p>\n<p>UBC webinars<br \/>\nbring the classroom to you<\/p>\n<p>T<\/p>\n<p>beyond the course materials and answer<br \/>\nquestions in \u2018real time.\u2019 Classroom discussions<br \/>\nmay be fostered, either by audio or text \u2018chat.\u2019<br \/>\nStudents can make connections, professionally<br \/>\nand socially, that go beyond the course and<br \/>\nprogram, all while retaining the flexibility of<br \/>\nattending from home or office, with no travel<br \/>\ntime or expense, and available immediately<br \/>\nacross Canada or internationally.     <\/p>\n<p>Horizon Wimba webinars<br \/>\nUBC\u2019s E-Learning Centre selected Horizon<br \/>\nWimba from the many available \u2018online<br \/>\nclassroom\u2019 software packages. Wimba\u2019s chief<br \/>\nbenefit is that it can do all that is necessary to<br \/>\ncreate an online classroom, but purposely does<br \/>\nnot do a whole lot more. Wimba\u2019s simplicity<br \/>\nmeans it is easy to set-up, intuitive to learn, <\/p>\n<p>and has low demands in terms of computer<br \/>\nrequirements. It can also operate with slow<br \/>\nconnection speeds (i.e., for dial-up access in<br \/>\nrural areas).  <\/p>\n<p>The Wimba online classroom offers the<br \/>\nfollowing features:<\/p>\n<p>Instructors can speak over the computer,<br \/>\nwith an accompanying PowerPoint slide<br \/>\npresentation.<\/p>\n<p>Students can listen over their computer<br \/>\nspeakers or headphones, or may dial-in to the<br \/>\nclassroom teleconference phone line.<\/p>\n<p>Students can ask questions using their<br \/>\ncomputer\u2019s microphone or with the text \u2018chat\u2019<br \/>\nwindow. Students can also select icons to<br \/>\nvirtually raise their hands, tell the instructor to<br \/>\nspeed up or slow down, applaud, or laugh at<br \/>\na joke.<\/p>\n<p>By John Bridal, Manager, Program Development, Real Estate Division (RED)<br \/>\nSauder School of Business, University of British Columbia<\/p>\n<p>Learning Advisory<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.realestate.ubc.ca<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 33<\/p>\n<p>April 3, 2009    CPD 105: Highest and best use Analysis    $95        4<\/p>\n<p>April 3, 2009    CPD 125: green Value \u2013 Valuing sustainable<br \/>\n    Commercial buildings     $130        7<\/p>\n<p>may 1, 2009    CPD 126: getting to green \u2013 energy efficient<br \/>\n    and sustainable Housing    $130       7<\/p>\n<p>may 1, 2009    CPD 115: Appraisal Review     $130       7<\/p>\n<p>Webinar Dates<br \/>\n8am-10am Pacific Time<br \/>\n11am-1pm eastern Time<\/p>\n<p>           CPD<br \/>\nCourse Title       Price Credits<\/p>\n<p>The instructor can provide online quizzes or<br \/>\npolls, with student replies immediately tallied<br \/>\nand displayed for discussion purposes. <\/p>\n<p>Wimba offers further advanced features,<br \/>\nbut RED uses these sparingly. In our<br \/>\nexperience with online classrooms, we have<br \/>\nfound the more complex the application, the<br \/>\nhigher the computing power and bandwidth<br \/>\nnecessary, and the greater likelihood of<br \/>\ntechnical problems. When working with<br \/>\nWimba, a \u2018keep it simple\u2019 approach seems to<br \/>\nwork well. Most webinar students have had <\/p>\n<p>no difficulties in registering, setting up, and<br \/>\nattending Wimba sessions.  <\/p>\n<p>UBC\u2019s webinar CPD offerings<br \/>\nRED is now offering webinars in select AIC<br \/>\ncredit courses and Continuing Professional<br \/>\nDevelopment courses.  The first CPD webinars<br \/>\ntook place on February 6 and March 6, both<br \/>\nat 8am-10 am Pacific time. These first courses<br \/>\nfocused on IFRS, machinery and equipment<br \/>\nvaluation, and adjustment support in the<br \/>\ndirect comparison approach.<\/p>\n<p>On an ongoing basis, CPD webinars will be<br \/>\noffered on the first Friday morning of each month,<br \/>\nagain from 8am-10am Pacific time. By setting<br \/>\naside the same time each month, students can<br \/>\nplan their CPD training well in advance. Upcoming<br \/>\ntopics include highest and best use analysis,<br \/>\nappraisal review, and green issues in residential<br \/>\nand commercial properties.  <\/p>\n<p>For more information on CPD offerings, both<br \/>\nwebinar and self-study courses, please visit:<br \/>\nwww.realestate.ubc.ca\/cpd<\/p>\n<p>We look forward to seeing you online soon! <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.realestate.ubc.ca\/cpd<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada34<\/p>\n<p>xperience cannot be studied, it has to be<br \/>\nlived. Demonstrating experience is not<br \/>\ndifficult \u2013 you just have to relate what you <\/p>\n<p>have done in the past. A person with fairly wide<br \/>\nexperience will not have any problem revealing their<br \/>\nexperience.<\/p>\n<p>Two new experience exams, developed by the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada (AIC), have been in use<br \/>\nfor some months, and, so far, (many) the majority of<br \/>\nCandidates have had no difficulty achieving passing<br \/>\nmarks. These exams contain no trick questions, but<br \/>\nthey require Candidates to have a reasonable breadth<br \/>\nand depth of experience.<\/p>\n<p>Breadth is the range of different assignment<br \/>\ntypes to which a Candidate has been exposed. This<br \/>\ndoes not mean that you must have experience in<br \/>\nall types of property, but rather that your experi-<br \/>\nence covers different types of situations, in which<br \/>\nthe reason for the assignment varies. For example,<br \/>\nalmost any type of property could prompt an assign-<br \/>\nment for which the motivating reason varied from<br \/>\nan interest in the current market value as a test of<br \/>\nreasonableness of a purchase offer, to questions of<br \/>\ndebt financing, litigation, dispute settlement, assess-<br \/>\nment and fairness of assessment, expropriation,<br \/>\nand even income tax disputes. As a Candidate, you<br \/>\nneed to ensure that your mentor provides you with<br \/>\nopportunities to gain exposure to and experience<br \/>\nwith a diverse breadth of experience. Candidates<br \/>\ndisadvantaged by a too-limited scope of work may<br \/>\nfail the exam. Those who have gained experience<br \/>\ndoing assignments for a variety of reasons likely will<br \/>\nfind the exams straightforward.<\/p>\n<p>Depth is exactly that: the degree to which a<br \/>\nCandidate has undertaken an assignment. One key<br \/>\nelement in undertaking a task is to determine the<br \/>\nlevel of research and analysis required to complete<br \/>\nit. Candidates working for an assessment authority<br \/>\nneed to be efficient in completing work on large <\/p>\n<p>Experience is a key<br \/>\nelement in exam success<\/p>\n<p>E<br \/>\nnumbers of properties. Any of these properties could<br \/>\nsee a challenge from a property owner, though, and,<br \/>\nshould that happen, the depth of research required<br \/>\nlikely will make the task of responding to an appeal<br \/>\nmuch more complex. Private sector Candidates<br \/>\nencounter similar scenarios in completing their<br \/>\nassignments. Research and analysis, therefore, do<br \/>\nnot always entail pulling out all the stops to com-<br \/>\nplete the assignment, but sometimes they do. As<br \/>\nwith breadth, Candidates likely will be successful if<br \/>\ntheir mentors provide opportunities to complete a<br \/>\nrange of tasks. Some will be routine in terms of the<br \/>\ndegree of research necessary. However, to be better<br \/>\nprepared, both for the exams and real life assign-<br \/>\nments, Candidates also need exposure to those more<br \/>\ncomplex situations. Mentors thus have a responsibil-<br \/>\nity to provide varied assignments, including some<br \/>\nfor which the research and analysis required take<br \/>\nconsiderable time.<\/p>\n<p>The first of the two exams is written, and ses-<br \/>\nsions are held at a university exam centre up to six<br \/>\ntimes a year. This exam features two sections. The<br \/>\nlong-answer questions, four from which you choose<br \/>\none to answer, are all real life examples, and a suc-<br \/>\ncessful answer must demonstrate how you would<br \/>\ncomplete this assignment. The short-answer ques-<br \/>\ntions relate to your actual experience: from several<br \/>\nchoices, you will answer three questions, adapting<br \/>\nthese to your own experience. In this respect,<br \/>\nCandidates must ensure that they provide sufficient<br \/>\ninformation for the marker to verify the authenticity<br \/>\nof the experience related.<\/p>\n<p>By John Clark, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nMember, Learning Advisory Committee<\/p>\n<p>Learning Advisory<\/p>\n<p>The oral exams differ in that they relate entirely to<br \/>\nyour own experience: all of the questions are designed<br \/>\nso that every Candidate will be able to provide an<br \/>\nanswer. Listen to the questions. If you do not under-<br \/>\nstand one, ask that it be repeated. Take your time, relax,<br \/>\nand provide your best example relating your experience<br \/>\nto the situation described in each question.<\/p>\n<p>Luck is not an element of either exam, so I will not<br \/>\nsay good luck. Rather, everyone has the opportunity<br \/>\nto pass these exams if their experience has prepared<br \/>\nthem. Success depends on your experience and on<br \/>\nyour ability to communicate your answer to the<br \/>\nexaminers. It also depends on your mentor. Make sure<br \/>\nyou discuss with them the types of experience you are<br \/>\nhaving, and especially those areas of work where you<br \/>\nmay still require exposure. If you are concerned that<br \/>\nyour experience may not yet have sufficient breadth<br \/>\nor depth, you may be right and your exam results may<br \/>\nconfirm this. <\/p>\n<p>Learning Advisory Committee<br \/>\nDavid Highfield, AACI, P. App., Fellow \u2013 Chair<br \/>\nJohn Clark, AACI, P. App., Fellow<br \/>\nSuzanne de Jong, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nWayne Kipp, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nApril Green, Candidate<br \/>\nVikki Leslie, Ontario AIC<br \/>\nJohn Bridal, UBC \u2013 Ex-officio<br \/>\nAndre Gravelle, UBC \u2013 Ex-officio<br \/>\nDuane Bates, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nKimberly Maber, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nTo contact this committee email: lac@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>mailto:lac@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 35<\/p>\n<p>\u2018green\u2019GOING<br \/>\nBy Georges Lozano, MPA, AIC Chief Executive Officer<\/p>\n<p> sustainable development<br \/>\nand sound environmental policies has been part of the public discourse for a number of years.  <\/p>\n<p>   However, it is only recently that the notion of ecologically friendly<br \/>\nreal property has begun to resonate within the industry sector.  <\/p>\n<p>The concept of green buildings and the tangible benefits<br \/>\nthat accrue to their owners and the people who <\/p>\n<p>occupy them is gaining in popularity<br \/>\nand, as a result, more and  <\/p>\n<p>more buildings are<br \/>\n\u2018going green.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>The need for<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada36<\/p>\n<p>in the process. The public sector is becoming<br \/>\ninvolved by providing a number of incentives<br \/>\naimed at stimulating the construction of green<br \/>\nbuildings, including subsidies and credits for<br \/>\ngreen construction and retrofits that enhance<br \/>\nenvironmental sustainability. Governments are<br \/>\nalso moving to change building codes accordingly,<br \/>\nalthough that may not be essential if a strong<br \/>\neconomic argument can be made. If so, going<br \/>\ngreen will become the norm. While new green<br \/>\nconstruction involves integrated design from the<br \/>\nground up, buildings can be \u2018greened\u2019 through<br \/>\nsuch improvements as green roofs, energy efficient<br \/>\nlighting, high-efficiency windows, and smart<br \/>\nswitches, to name but a few.<\/p>\n<p> The term \u2018green value\u2019 includes both tangible<br \/>\nand intangible benefits that may accrue to a<br \/>\nsustainable building project. Hence, the green<br \/>\nvalue definition goes far beyond our conventional<br \/>\nconcept of property value or market value.<br \/>\nQuantifying the efficiencies generated by green<br \/>\nbuildings has been undertaken by a number of<br \/>\norganizations in a variety of ways. To date, the best<br \/>\ninformation has been produced with respect to<br \/>\ncommercial buildings. <\/p>\n<p>While the debate regarding the impact of<br \/>\nbuilding green on market value continues, some<br \/>\nstudies have shown that green buildings reduce<br \/>\noperating costs, increase property values, and<br \/>\nimprove the return on investment significantly.<br \/>\nFurther, these data suggest that green buildings<br \/>\nachieve higher occupancy and rent ratios. However,<br \/>\nsome data indicate that green construction comes <\/p>\n<p>at a premium and that savings may be marginal in<br \/>\nsome cases.  <\/p>\n<p>A number of organizations have established<br \/>\nsystems to rate and track green buildings.<br \/>\nPerhaps the best known in North America is<br \/>\nthe LEED Rating System. Leadership in Energy<br \/>\nand Environmental Design (LEED) is a building<br \/>\nrating system associated with the US Green<br \/>\nBuilding Council. The Canadian version of LEED<br \/>\nfor new construction and major renovations<br \/>\nwas introduced in 2004 and, in 2006, a rating<br \/>\nsystem for commercial interiors followed. The<br \/>\nLEED system includes several levels ranging<br \/>\nfrom basic certification through Silver, Gold,<br \/>\nand Platinum certified buildings. The latter is<br \/>\nreserved for buildings that have 70% less impact<br \/>\non the environment than non-green properties.<br \/>\nThe Building Owners and Managers Association<br \/>\n(BOMA) also certifies existing buildings under its<br \/>\nGreen Certification Program. BOMA certification<br \/>\nhas a wide span, given the number of existing<br \/>\nbuildings that are being retrofitted on an ongoing<br \/>\nbasis each year. <\/p>\n<p>The feasibility of retrofitting a building so that<br \/>\nit qualifies as \u2018green\u2019 requires a careful assessment<br \/>\nof the costs and the future savings achieved. Given<br \/>\nthat green buildings are more energy efficient<br \/>\ngenerally, it follows that they can reduce operating<br \/>\nand maintenance expenses for both landlords<br \/>\nand tenants in the case of rental properties.<br \/>\nFurther, green buildings are becoming increasingly<br \/>\ndesirable, with a higher degree of social<br \/>\nacceptability resulting in increased marketability<br \/>\nand absorption rates. As a result, increased net<br \/>\nrents can be achieved by owners and investors and,<br \/>\npotentially, there can be more favourable rents for<br \/>\ntenants \u2013 a win-win situation.<\/p>\n<p> In the case of office buildings, some studies are<br \/>\nshowing that labour productivity gains have been<br \/>\nachieved as well. Nonetheless, there are many<br \/>\nunanswered questions to date, since there is a lack <\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhile the initial driver for going green was social<br \/>\nconcern, in recent years, a \u2018business case\u2019 has<br \/>\nemerged for sustainable construction, particularly<br \/>\nfor commercial building.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe valuation of green buildings is in its infancy,<br \/>\nbut the trend is growing and so will the need<br \/>\nfor appraisers who are knowledgeable and can<br \/>\nprovide value opinions in this area.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada36<\/p>\n<p>The need for sustainable development and sound<br \/>\nenvironmental policies has been part of the public<br \/>\ndiscourse for a number of years. However, it is only<br \/>\nrecently that the notion of ecologically friendly<br \/>\nreal property has begun to resonate within the<br \/>\nindustry sector. The concept of green buildings and<br \/>\nthe tangible benefits that accrue to their owners<br \/>\nand the people who occupy them is gaining<br \/>\nin popularity and, as a result, more and more<br \/>\nbuildings are \u2018going green.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Green or sustainable buildings are ones that<br \/>\nuse resources more efficiently, generally have a<br \/>\nsmaller carbon footprint, and offer a level of cost<br \/>\neffectiveness that is superior to conventional<br \/>\nbuildings. Green buildings confer both financial and<br \/>\nsocial benefits directly to their stakeholders and<br \/>\nindirectly to the general public.<\/p>\n<p>While the initial driver for going green was<br \/>\nsocial concern, in recent years, a \u2018business case\u2019 has<br \/>\nemerged for sustainable construction, particularly<br \/>\nfor commercial building. The increasingly<br \/>\naccepted notion that carbon emissions must be<br \/>\ncurtailed has also provided an impetus for the<br \/>\ndevelopment of buildings that conserve energy.<br \/>\nFurther, additional benefits are being identified<br \/>\nand a growing number of studies are showing that<br \/>\nsustainable buildings increase the well-being of<br \/>\ntheir occupants and provide a number of positive<br \/>\noutcomes that benefit society in general.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, the market for green buildings<br \/>\nis increasing. A growing number of property<br \/>\ndevelopers are capitalizing on this trend, achieving<br \/>\nhigher visibility and positive market exposure <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 37<\/p>\n<p>of data given the newness of green buildings. We<br \/>\nhave yet to learn conclusively if green buildings will<br \/>\nrent more quickly, whether tenants will stay longer,<br \/>\nand whether the cost of tenant improvements will<br \/>\nbe decreased through sustainability. <\/p>\n<p>The valuation of green buildings is in its<br \/>\ninfancy, but the trend is growing and so will the<br \/>\nneed for appraisers who are knowledgeable<br \/>\nand can provide value opinions in this area.<br \/>\nThe first challenge in valuing green buildings<br \/>\nis the dearth of reliable data. Comparables are<br \/>\nhard to come by and, in their absence, placing<br \/>\na number on the contributory value of \u2018green\u2019<br \/>\nimprovements is challenging. Making adjustments<br \/>\nfor improvements in a property can be difficult,<br \/>\neven with good information and more so when<br \/>\ngreen features are being taken into account. One<br \/>\nof the problems is that \u2018green\u2019 elements have<br \/>\nbeen loosely defined to date. As such, data do<br \/>\nnot identify these elements clearly. Consequently,<br \/>\nappraisers will need to be especially careful when<br \/>\nundertaking assignments involving green building<br \/>\nto ensure that values are arrived at through<br \/>\nanalysis that is well supported by the data. This is<br \/>\nwhat will make the valuation of green properties<br \/>\nmore challenging, especially at the outset while<br \/>\nsupporting data are harder to find.<\/p>\n<p>As green valuation becomes increasingly a<br \/>\npart of appraisal practice, appraisers will need to<br \/>\nmaintain their knowledge of this specialty area<br \/>\nthrough continuing professional development. The<br \/>\nInstitute\u2019s English-language education provider, the<br \/>\nUniversity of British Columbia (UBC) has developed <\/p>\n<p>two mini-courses on green issues in real estate.<br \/>\nCPD 125 \u2013 Green Value \u2013 Valuing Sustainable<br \/>\nCommercial Buildings is available now.  The course<br \/>\nfocuses on commercial buildings and provides<br \/>\nan overview of real property and sustainable<br \/>\ndevelopment along with the issues that must be<br \/>\ntaken into consideration when appraising such<br \/>\nproperties. <\/p>\n<p>A second course, CPD 126 \u2013 Getting to Green:<br \/>\nEnergy Efficient and Sustainable Housing focuses<br \/>\nspecifically on residential concerns.<\/p>\n<p>These two courses represent a start and no<br \/>\ndoubt other green value courses will follow as UBC<br \/>\nand the Institute strive to develop appropriate CPD<br \/>\nofferings to meet member needs. <\/p>\n<p>As the demand for green valuation and related<br \/>\nadvisory services grows, the Institute will work<br \/>\nincreasingly on assisting members to develop<br \/>\nthe necessary skills and knowledge required to<br \/>\ntake on such assignments. It is expected that key<br \/>\nmethodologies such as discounted cash flow will<br \/>\nbe adapted for the valuation of green buildings.<br \/>\nFurther, appraisers will need to advise their clients<br \/>\nabout the impact of green elements on building<br \/>\nvalues, as well as the importance of certification<br \/>\nunder LEED or the BOMA programs. Future<br \/>\nappraisal reports may include a section on the<br \/>\nsustainability of the subject property.<\/p>\n<p>In recent months, the Institute has held<br \/>\nmeetings with the OEAQ and representatives<br \/>\nfrom the Department of Public Works and<br \/>\nGovernment Services, with the aim of working<br \/>\ntowards the development of guidelines for the <\/p>\n<p>valuation of green buildings. These guidelines will<br \/>\nbe a starting point for appraisers who wish to take<br \/>\non assignments that involve green buildings or<br \/>\nbuildings that are being improved to make them<br \/>\nmore environmentally sustainable. The guidelines<br \/>\nwill be made available to AIC members once they<br \/>\nare completed.<\/p>\n<p>The Institute is also actively monitoring<br \/>\ninternational trends in this area. Last year, AIC<br \/>\nsigned on to the Vancouver Valuation Accord, a<br \/>\nCanadian initiative aimed at raising awareness<br \/>\nof green valuation and developing best practices<br \/>\nin this area. Recently, a panel was established to<br \/>\nreview papers on green valuation. The Institute has<br \/>\nbeen invited to participate.<\/p>\n<p>In the area of communications, much work<br \/>\nhas to be done to raise awareness of green<br \/>\nbuildings and their importance. In this respect,<br \/>\nthrough its communications and marketing<br \/>\nprogram, AIC will inform stakeholders about the<br \/>\nmerits that incorporating green elements brings<br \/>\nto buildings. Efforts will be made to work with<br \/>\nother stakeholders to improve the collection of<br \/>\ndata associated with green buildings to facilitate<br \/>\nthe appraisal of these properties. AIC will also<br \/>\nwork with its strategic partners in this respect and<br \/>\nencourage the sharing of information for the benefit<br \/>\nof all.<\/p>\n<p>Environmental awareness and the need to<br \/>\nact decisively to improve our environment is a<br \/>\ngrowing trend around the world. Green buildings<br \/>\ncontribute in a major way towards improving the<br \/>\nenvironment and sustainable development has<br \/>\ntaken on new meaning, as both regulators and<br \/>\nentrepreneurs move to ensure that buildings, new<br \/>\nand old, are made \u2018green.\u2019 The value-added of going<br \/>\ngreen is tangible and appraisers will be called upon<br \/>\nto quantify it. So be informed, be aware and be<br \/>\nprepared for a green future in valuation.<\/p>\n<p>Go to www.realestate.ubc.ca\/cpd and read more<br \/>\nabout CPD 125 and 126.  <\/p>\n<p>\u201cAs green valuation becomes increasingly a part<br \/>\nof appraisal practice, appraisers will need to<br \/>\nmaintain their knowledge of this specialty area<br \/>\nthrough continuing professional development.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe value-added of going green is tangible<br \/>\nand appraisers will be called upon to quantify it.<br \/>\nSo be informed, be aware and be prepared for<br \/>\na green future in valuation.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.realestate.ubc.ca\/cpd<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada38<\/p>\n<p>Paul Fish, AACI, P. App. left his job at Altus Group in October<br \/>\n2006 and volunteered for nine months with the agency VSO<br \/>\nCanada. He was sent to Sierra Leone in West Africa and<br \/>\nhas since returned for two further six-month stints. He is<br \/>\nexpected home in May 2009. Although aid to developing<br \/>\ncountries is typically thought of as health care, education<br \/>\nand food, technical expertise to assist people to help<br \/>\nthemselves is much needed. Paul describes his experience.<\/p>\n<p>y initial job was to mobilize local<br \/>\n\u2018own source revenues\u2019 for a local <\/p>\n<p>council of a city called Makeni in the north of<br \/>\nthe country. The country was emerging from<br \/>\na 10-year conflict that had destroyed much of<br \/>\nthe local government infrastructure and Makeni<br \/>\nhad been the centre for the rebels, known<br \/>\nas the RUF. In fact, the Makeni town hall had<br \/>\nobviously been the RUF headquarters. <\/p>\n<p>M<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 39<\/p>\n<p>Decentralization was the mantra<br \/>\nencouraged by the World Bank, since their<br \/>\n(our) funds were supporting the country.<br \/>\nHowever, in 2006, I found the mechanisms of<br \/>\nadministration were totally absent in Makeni<br \/>\nand there were virtually no local revenues to<br \/>\nsupport council activity. I quickly realized that,<br \/>\nlike some white knight, I was supposed to have<br \/>\na magical formula to somehow create income<br \/>\nfrom a local property tax and business licences.<\/p>\n<p>There was some guidance from a World<br \/>\nBank publication, although I had to adapt this<br \/>\nquite significantly, since the Bank writer lacked<br \/>\non-the-ground experience. I was faced with a<br \/>\nnumber of challenges, some of which were as<br \/>\nfollows:<br \/>\n1. The population was not familiar with paying <\/p>\n<p>taxes to a local council.<br \/>\n2. Many services were being provided by non-<\/p>\n<p>government organizations (NGO), such as<br \/>\nhealth care, water and sanitation, education,<br \/>\nand housing, so many in the community<br \/>\nwondered why they should now pay and be<br \/>\nresponsible.<\/p>\n<p>3. Only 25% of the population was literate<br \/>\nand the top jobs were at the UN or at NGOs.<br \/>\nThe city council could not pay more than<br \/>\nabout $40 per month and, although this was<br \/>\nmore than an average wage, it was difficult<br \/>\nto attract competent staff under these<br \/>\ncircumstances.<\/p>\n<p>4. All records had been destroyed during the<br \/>\nwar.<\/p>\n<p>5. Poverty was obvious and widespread.<br \/>\n6. The population was highly suspicious of <\/p>\n<p>government corruption.<\/p>\n<p>The first step was to develop a record of<br \/>\nrelevant information for all 7,500 buildings,<br \/>\nand then to develop a system of assessment<br \/>\nthat was fair and progressive. I had noted<br \/>\nthat there were some people and businesses<br \/>\nsignificantly better off than others and this<br \/>\nrequired a sharply progressive system. I<br \/>\ncould not use a market value system since<br \/>\nproperties were rarely traded and not on an<br \/>\nopen market, but through the traditional<br \/>\nParamount Chief. There was no registry<br \/>\noffice. I adopted a \u2018points valuation method\u2019<br \/>\nstarting with the number of rooms in a<br \/>\nhouse and then applying different points to<br \/>\nthe construction type (concrete being the<br \/>\nbest, then mud bricks and then a simple<br \/>\nwattle). Features such as a water well and<br \/>\nthe availability of toilets, the condition of the<br \/>\nwall, and so on were added or subtracted<br \/>\nfrom the value points. Ultimately, a mill<br \/>\nrate was applied to develop the tax payable.<br \/>\nUsing an access database, individual tax<br \/>\nnotices were issued.<\/p>\n<p>The most important and interesting step<br \/>\nseemed to be publicizing the new system.<br \/>\nThis involved using radio programming,<br \/>\nweekend meetings in local schools or<br \/>\nunder a mango tree, street theatre, street<br \/>\nbanners, announcements at local mosques<br \/>\nand churches, and even an official municipal<br \/>\ntown crier. <\/p>\n<p>The collection method encouraged<br \/>\npeople to pay at the local bank or at the<br \/>\ntown hall, but an effective alternative<br \/>\nwas simply to use the local youth to move<br \/>\ndoor-to-door with a schedule. Ultimately, <\/p>\n<p>the local bailiff was used and people and<br \/>\nbusinesses seemed to respond. Initially,<br \/>\nincome in 2006 was Le 3.1 million and this<br \/>\ngrew in 2007 to almost Le.30 million, but,<br \/>\nin 2008, they collected just under Le100<br \/>\nmillion, to the delight of council and the<br \/>\npopulation. The main works now underway<br \/>\nwith the aid of this cash have been waste<br \/>\nmanagement, roads and some sanitation,<br \/>\nbut, importantly, grants from the World<br \/>\nBank have been easier to obtain since there<br \/>\nare funds to maintain projects.<\/p>\n<p>The success of Makeni had become<br \/>\nknown in 2007 and other cities such as Bo<br \/>\nand Kenema, Waterloo and Bonthe have<br \/>\nsince requested a similar system. I am now<br \/>\nworking at Bo in the south of the country<br \/>\nand, on this trip, I will be starting the<br \/>\nprocess in Kenema and the capital Freetown. <\/p>\n<p>Writing this article in a few words<br \/>\nhas been difficult, since the task was not<br \/>\nwithout quite a lot of challenges. However,<br \/>\nthe stimulation of working in a challenging<br \/>\nenvironment and seeing considerable<br \/>\nprogress beats the hum-drum of working<br \/>\nin a Toronto appraisal office, even though<br \/>\nthe pay in Sierra Leone is lousy. I thought<br \/>\nthat the VSO mantra of \u2018sharing skills and<br \/>\nchanging lives\u2019 was a one way street, but I<br \/>\nhave found it to be otherwise since I have<br \/>\nlearned much and found my life completely<br \/>\nchanged. I need some help from others, if<br \/>\nthere are any takers for the adventure of a<br \/>\nlifetime. <\/p>\n<p>For more, please see my blog at<br \/>\nwww.paulinsierraleone.blogspot.com  <\/p>\n<p>\u201cI need some help from others,<br \/>\nif there are any takers for the adventure of a lifetime.\u201d <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.paulinsierraleone.blogspot.com<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada40<\/p>\n<p>Overview<br \/>\nExpropriation is the taking of private property,<br \/>\nor rights, by government for public purposes,<br \/>\nand is subject to compensation. Compensation<br \/>\nor due compensation, as described in some<br \/>\nexpropriation acts, can include market value,<br \/>\ninjurious affection, disturbance damages and<br \/>\nother entitlements.<\/p>\n<p>The rights of ownership are often referred<br \/>\nto as the \u2018Bundle of Rights Theory\u20191 and<br \/>\nexpropriation can affect these rights. For<br \/>\nexample, the interest to be expropriated<br \/>\nmay be in fee simple, or limited (easement\/<br \/>\ncovenant), and may be temporary (working<br \/>\neasement). As well, a part or all of the land<br \/>\nmay be expropriated. <\/p>\n<p>It is important to note that unlike the<br \/>\nUnited States, where property rights are<br \/>\nprotected under the constitution (Fifth<br \/>\nAmendment), which provides for Just Com-<br \/>\npensation, this is not the case in Canada.<br \/>\nIn Canada, there is no right to compensation<br \/>\nunless conferred by statute. As cited in Sisters<br \/>\nof Charity of Rockingham v. The King, 1922,2<br \/>\n\u201cCompensation claims are statutory and<br \/>\ndepend on statutory provisions. No owner of<br \/>\nlands expropriated by statute for public pur-<br \/>\nposes is entitled to compensation, either for<br \/>\nthe value of the land taken, or for damage on<br \/>\nthe ground that his land is injuriously affected,<br \/>\nunless he can establish a statutory right.\u201d It is<br \/>\nalso worth noting that our friends to the south<br \/>\nrefer to expropriation as condemnation.<\/p>\n<p>It is the author\u2019s experience that the<br \/>\nmajority of requirements\/takings required for<br \/>\npublic purposes are negotiated by the various<br \/>\nexpropriating authorities on a voluntary basis,<br \/>\nhowever, compensation is typically based on<br \/>\nthe principles as outlined in the applicable<br \/>\nExpropriation Act. <\/p>\n<p>Expropriation and the partial taking appraisalExpropriation<br \/>\nBy Gordon E. MacNair, AACI, P. App<br \/>\nManager, Real Estate Services,<br \/>\nCity Manager\u2019s Office, City of Ottawa<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 41<\/p>\n<p>The purpose of this article is to discuss the<br \/>\ncomplexities associated with a partial taking<br \/>\nappraisal that involves the expropriation of prop-<br \/>\nerty rights; a unique type of appraisal assign-<br \/>\nment, which requires a clear understanding of<br \/>\nappraisal principles and case law. <\/p>\n<p>Valuation principles<br \/>\nBefore moving on to some of the valuation issues<br \/>\ninvolving expropriation for partial takings, it is<br \/>\nimportant to review a few basic principles of real<br \/>\nestate. The rights of ownership, as noted earlier,<br \/>\nare often referred to as the \u2018Bundle of Rights<br \/>\nTheory\u2019 and expropriation can affect the rights<br \/>\nwith a partial taking, since the owner could end<br \/>\nup with fewer rights after the taking. <\/p>\n<p>The highest and best use of a property can<br \/>\nalso be affected by an expropriation since it could<br \/>\nhave a potential impact on the land use. In some<br \/>\ninstances, the partial taking could result in a<br \/>\nchange of highest and best use. The purpose of<br \/>\nthe highest and best use analysis is to provide a<br \/>\nbasis for evaluating real property, which takes<br \/>\ninto account factors such as physically possible,<br \/>\nlegally permissible, financially feasible, and<br \/>\nmaximally productive.  In Minute Muffler Instal-<br \/>\nlations Ltd. v. R (1981), 3 the Board set out four<br \/>\nprimary criteria, or tests, as referenced above to<br \/>\nbe applied in determining highest and best use.<\/p>\n<p>The issue of highest and best use was also<br \/>\naddressed in Farlinger Developments Ltd. and<br \/>\nBorough of East York (1976) 4 which dealt with the<br \/>\nrelationship between zoning restrictions and the<br \/>\nconcept of highest and best use in an expropria-<br \/>\ntion where Howland, J.A. stated the following<br \/>\nguiding principles: \u201cFrom these authorities, it<br \/>\nwould seem to be established that the highest<br \/>\nand best use must be based on something more<br \/>\nthan a possibility of rezoning. There must be a <\/p>\n<p>probability or a reasonable expectation that such<br \/>\nrezoning will take place. It is not enough that<br \/>\nthe lands have the capability of rezoning. In my<br \/>\nopinion, probability connotes something higher<br \/>\nthan a 50% possibility.\u201d For additional informa-<br \/>\ntion on this topic as it applies to partial takings,<br \/>\nrefer to an article entitled Highest and best use<br \/>\nand partial acquisitions. 5<\/p>\n<p>Another important principle to consider with<br \/>\npartial takings is the principle of consistent use.<br \/>\nThe underlying premise with this principle is that,<br \/>\nwhen improved land is in a state of transition<br \/>\nto another highest and best use, it cannot be<br \/>\nappraised with one use allocated to the land and<br \/>\nanother to the building or improvements. This is<br \/>\nan important principle that will be addressed in<br \/>\nmore detail under the injurious affection section<br \/>\nwith respect to \u2018double recovery.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Other principles such as contribution need to<br \/>\nbe considered in a partial taking. The principle of<br \/>\ncontribution is based on the value of a particular<br \/>\ncomponent being measured by its contribu-<br \/>\ntory value to the property, or by the amount<br \/>\nits absence detracts from the whole. Since this<br \/>\nprinciple applies to the two main ingredients that<br \/>\nmake up the value of real property, e.g., land and<br \/>\nimprovements, the utility of either component<br \/>\ncould be affected by a partial taking.<\/p>\n<p>Two valuation methods<br \/>\nused in partial takings<br \/>\nThe two recognized valuation approaches<br \/>\nrecognized in Canada for partial takings are the<br \/>\nbefore and after method and the summation<br \/>\nor aggregate method as outlined in The Law of<br \/>\nExpropriation and Compensation in Canada. 6<\/p>\n<p>The before and after method is simply the<br \/>\ndifference in value between the before and after<br \/>\nconditions. As a result, in some circumstances, it <\/p>\n<p>may result in no payment for the part taken and,<br \/>\ntherefore, benefits the expropriating authority.<br \/>\nFor these reasons, the Canada and Alberta acts<br \/>\npreclude the use of this method. However, some<br \/>\nprovincial legislation provides for the discretion-<br \/>\nary use of this method, but only where the part<br \/>\nexpropriated \u201cis of a size or shape for which there<br \/>\nis no general demand or market\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>The summation or aggregate method is the<br \/>\nvalue of the part taken, plus any damages, less<br \/>\nspecial benefits. It is used in many jurisdictions<br \/>\nand breaks out the values of the part taken,<br \/>\ndamages and special benefits. It favours the<br \/>\nproperty owner, since the owner is always<br \/>\nguaranteed the value of the part taken as a<br \/>\nform of compensation.<\/p>\n<p>Simply put, whenever a part of an owner\u2019s<br \/>\nland is taken in Canada, the courts will want<br \/>\nto see a just result in that the owner is always<br \/>\ncompensated for at least the part taken. The<br \/>\nvalue of the part taken would have the same<br \/>\nunit value as part of the larger parcel which is<br \/>\nreferenced below.<\/p>\n<p>Larger parcel<br \/>\nDefining the larger parcel is the first step in a par-<br \/>\ntial taking appraisal. It is defined as the subject<br \/>\nproperty when considered together with con-<br \/>\ntiguous or nearby property, the value of which is<br \/>\nimpacted by common ownership as outlined in<br \/>\n2008 CUSPAP (Standards), Definitions 2.36. <\/p>\n<p>The purpose of establishing the larger parcel<br \/>\nis that it sets the stage for establishing the value<br \/>\nof the part taken, injurious affection and special<br \/>\nbenefits. In order to establish the larger parcel,<br \/>\nthree tests must be satisfied. The three tests7 for<br \/>\nthe larger parcel are unity of title (ownership),<br \/>\nunity of contiguity (adjoining or separated), and<br \/>\nunity of use (under one highest and best use). <\/p>\n<p>Expropriation and the partial taking appraisalExpropriation<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada42<\/p>\n<p>owner\u2019s remaining land will be set-off against<br \/>\nthe damage. In some jurisdictions, a claim for<br \/>\ninjurious affection can be made even when<br \/>\nthere has been no taking.<\/p>\n<p>Examples of case law involving injurious<br \/>\naffection are as follows:<\/p>\n<p>Parks v. Ontario (Ministry of Transportation) 56<br \/>\nL.C.R. 166<\/p>\n<p>Airport Corporate Centre Inc. v. Ontario (1995)<br \/>\n55 L.C.R. 135<\/p>\n<p>Arab v. Halifax (1994) 55 L.C.R. 275<br \/>\nCook v. Nova Scotia (1991) 44 L.C.R. 275<br \/>\nDurette v. New Brunswick (Transportation) 21 <\/p>\n<p>L.C.R. 124<br \/>\nYaklin v. Alberta (1988), 38 L.C.R. 347<br \/>\nLorenz v. Lloydminister (1982) 26 L.C.R. 157<br \/>\nAipi Investments Ltd. v. Maple Ridge (1990) 43 <\/p>\n<p>L.C.R. 49<br \/>\nThe New Law of Expropriation9 provides<br \/>\nexamples in case law of injurious affection on a<br \/>\nprovince-by-province basis. <\/p>\n<p>The Standards address injurious affection<br \/>\nunder 12.27.2, which states that a partial taking<br \/>\nmay require consideration of injurious affection<br \/>\n(loss to the remainder).<\/p>\n<p>Damages also include disturbance<br \/>\ndamages,10 which may be defined generally<br \/>\nas economic loss suffered by an owner by<br \/>\nreason of having to vacate expropriated<br \/>\nproperty. Claims under disturbance damages<br \/>\ncould include items such as business loss, crop<br \/>\ndamage, relocation costs, demolition costs, loss<br \/>\nof income, replacement of well, etc.<\/p>\n<p>Cost to cure<br \/>\nA method that can be used to offset damages is<br \/>\nthe cost to cure11 approach. Cost to cure can be<br \/>\nused to offset damages and is defined as the cost<br \/>\nto restore an item of physical depreciation or func-<br \/>\ntional depreciation to near new or new condition.<br \/>\nHowever, it must make economic sense to apply<br \/>\nthe cost to cure as a measure of damage. <\/p>\n<p>An example of cost to cure would be rein-<br \/>\nstating access to a site that would otherwise be<br \/>\nlandlocked as a result of the taking.<\/p>\n<p>Double recovery<br \/>\nAs mentioned earlier, under valuation<br \/>\nprinciples, the concept of double recovery is tied <\/p>\n<p>The concept of the three tests is also refer-<br \/>\nenced in some expropriation acts under the<br \/>\ndefinition of injurious affection, which partially<br \/>\nstates \u201cand for the purposes of this clause,<br \/>\npart of the lands of an owner shall be deemed<br \/>\nto have been acquired where the owner from<br \/>\nwho lands are acquired retain lands contigu-<br \/>\nous to those acquired or retain lands of which<br \/>\nthe use is enhanced by unified ownership<br \/>\nwith those acquired\u201d (emphasis added).<\/p>\n<p>It is important for the appraiser to under-<br \/>\nstand the concept of the larger parcel, as this<br \/>\nsets the foundation for the appraisal. Examples<br \/>\nof case law dealing with the concept of the<br \/>\nlarger parcel are as follows:<\/p>\n<p>Helenslea Farming Lt. v. County of Parkland<br \/>\nNo. 31, 33 L.C.R. 133<\/p>\n<p>Hallman v. City of Niagara Falls, 9 L.C.R. 157<br \/>\nLorenz et al v. City of Lloydminister, <\/p>\n<p>26L.C.R.157<br \/>\nCNR Co. v. Industrial Estates Ltd., 35L.C.R.220<br \/>\n612118 Ontario Ltd. v. Ontario (Ministry of <\/p>\n<p>Transportation) 64L.C.R.5<br \/>\nDouble Alpha Holdings Corp. v. Pacific Coast <\/p>\n<p>Energy (1988), 65L.C.R.99<\/p>\n<p>The Standards address the larger parcel under<br \/>\n12.27.2, which stipulates that a partial taking may<br \/>\nrequire consideration of the larger parcel.<\/p>\n<p>Additional information on the larger parcel<br \/>\nconcept can be referenced in an article published<br \/>\nin the Appraisal Journal entitled \u2018Expropriation<br \/>\nand Condemnation: the Larger Parcel.\u2019 8<\/p>\n<p>Injurious affection and damages<br \/>\nThe concept of injurious affection is based<br \/>\nupon the reduction in the value of remaining<br \/>\nlands resulting from an expropriation or taking.<br \/>\nAlternatively, it is a loss in value to the remainder<br \/>\nproperty as a result of a partial taking. Examples<br \/>\nof injurious affection include landlocking, loss of<br \/>\nparking, proximity to hydro transmission towers,<br \/>\nloss of access, change in shape, loss of exposure<br \/>\nand visibility. It is interesting to note that, in the<br \/>\nUS, the term injurious affection is not used, as<br \/>\ndamages are considered to be either consequen-<br \/>\ntial or severance. <\/p>\n<p>Typically, expropriation acts require a<br \/>\nstatutory authority to compensate the owner<br \/>\nof land for loss or damage caused by injuri-<br \/>\nous affection, and that any advantage to the <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"QiWenxCK9w\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crvg.com\/\">CRVG Home<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;CRVG Home&#8221; &#8212; CRVG - Canadian Resource Valuation Group\" src=\"https:\/\/crvg.com\/embed\/#?secret=CrTu00G7he#?secret=QiWenxCK9w\" data-secret=\"QiWenxCK9w\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 43<\/p>\n<p>into the principle of consistent use and is an<br \/>\nimportant consideration in a partial taking with<br \/>\nrespect to damages. <\/p>\n<p>In Horn v. Sunderland Corporation (1941), 12<br \/>\nthe decision was as follows:<br \/>\na) the value of the land determined on the <\/p>\n<p>basis of its highest and best use, or<br \/>\nb) the aggregate of the value of the  <\/p>\n<p>land determined on the basis of its<br \/>\nexisting use, plus disturbance damages.<\/p>\n<p>In other words, this case confirms that compen-<br \/>\nsation must be awarded on a consistent basis.<br \/>\nTherefore, it is not appropriate to double dip by<br \/>\nawarding compensation based on the highest<br \/>\nand best use, plus compensation for damages<br \/>\nattributed to the lesser use. This concept has<br \/>\nbeen entrenched in a number of expropriation<br \/>\nacts such as British Columbia (31), Ontario (13),<br \/>\nNew Brunswick 38(1) and Nova Scotia 27(3).<br \/>\nBy way of an example, if the existing use was<br \/>\nresidential, but the highest and best use was<br \/>\ncommercial, it would not be consistent in arriv-<br \/>\ning at a market value based on the commercial<br \/>\nuse and then adding compensation for injurious<br \/>\naffection for the residential use.<\/p>\n<p>For examples of double recovery cases,<br \/>\nrefer to the UBC, Sauder School of Business,<br \/>\nExpropriation Valuation, Professional<br \/>\nDevelopment Workbook. 13<\/p>\n<p>General benefits<br \/>\nand special benefits<br \/>\nBenefits are essentially the converse of injuri-<br \/>\nous affection: it is an increase to the remainder<br \/>\nproperty due to a partial taking. General ben-<br \/>\nefits are an increase in value to the remainder<br \/>\nproperty as a result of a partial acquisition and<br \/>\naccrue to the community as a whole. On the<br \/>\nother hand, special benefits are benefits from a<br \/>\npublic improvement, which accrue directly and<br \/>\nsolely to the advantage of the property remain-<br \/>\ning after a partial taking. Typically, only special<br \/>\nbenefits can be offset against injurious affection<br \/>\nor damages and not against the value of the<br \/>\npart taken. As referenced earlier, the courts will<br \/>\nwant to see a just result in that the owner is<br \/>\nalways compensated for at least the part taken.<\/p>\n<p>Examples of special benefits could include<br \/>\nimproved frontage, visibility, grade, access and <\/p>\n<p>location. Further research on this item can be<br \/>\nfound in reviewing the following cases:<\/p>\n<p>F&#038;F Realty Holdings Inc. v. Ontario (Ministry of<br \/>\nTransportation), 64 L.C.R. 52<\/p>\n<p>Kiear v. Manitoba (Department of Highways<br \/>\nand Transportation), 66 L.C.R. 117<\/p>\n<p>Tanenbaum Estate v. Ontario (MTC), 54 L.C.R. 161<\/p>\n<p>Conclusion<br \/>\nAppraising real estate for expropriation purposes<br \/>\nrelated to partial takings creates interesting chal-<br \/>\nlenges for the real estate appraiser. With this type<br \/>\nof appraisal, it is important for the appraiser to<br \/>\nunderstand the two partial taking valuation meth-<br \/>\nods and how each is applied. As well, the appraiser<br \/>\nmust be familiar with the concepts of injurious<br \/>\naffection, damages and benefits. Finally, it is<br \/>\nimportant for the appraiser to obtain clear terms of<br \/>\nreference from the client as well as an agreed scope<br \/>\nof work with the client. Legal counsel can be very<br \/>\nuseful in agreeing on terms of reference and scope,<br \/>\nas well as providing necessary instructions on an<br \/>\nassignment. Research into case law and familiarity<br \/>\nwith the applicable expropriation act is essential,<br \/>\nbut may go beyond the role of the appraiser. In this <\/p>\n<p>event, legal counsel might be consulted to receive<br \/>\ninstructions as it applies to an expropriation.  <\/p>\n<p>References<br \/>\n1 Bundle of rights includes the rights to bequeath, enjoy, give <\/p>\n<p>away, rent or lease, sell, use, or even the right not to exercise<br \/>\nany of these rights. While subject to certain governmental<br \/>\nlimitations and private restrictions. Principles of Right of Way,<br \/>\nChapter Eight: Real Estate Fundamentals, pg. 1<\/p>\n<p>2 Sisters of Charity of Rockingham v. The King, [1922]<br \/>\n2A.C.315(Privy Council)<\/p>\n<p>3 Minute Muffler Installations Ltd. v. R(1981), 23 L.C.R. 213<br \/>\n4 Farlinger Developments Ltd. and Borough of East York (1975), 9 <\/p>\n<p>O.R.(2d) 553 (C.A.), leave to appeal to the SCC dismissed<br \/>\n5 \u2018Highest and best use and partial acquisitions,\u2019 Todd Pickett, <\/p>\n<p>AIC Candidate, Canadian Appraiser, Volume 50, Book 1, 2006.<br \/>\n6 The Law of Expropriation and Compensation in Canada, 2nd <\/p>\n<p>Edition, Eric C.E. Todd, pg. 344 \u2013 352<br \/>\n7 The Appraisal of Partial Takings, Course 401, International <\/p>\n<p>Right of Way Association<br \/>\n8 \u2019Expropriation and Condemnation: the Larger Parcel,\u2019 Tony <\/p>\n<p>Sevelka, MAI, AACI, Appraisal Journal, Jan 03.<br \/>\n9 New Law of Expropriation, John Coates, Q.C., LL.B., LL.M., of <\/p>\n<p>the British Columbia Bar and Stephen Waqu\u00e8, LL.B., of the<br \/>\nOntario Bar, Carswell Publishing<\/p>\n<p>10 New Law of Expropriation ibid<br \/>\n11 International Right of Way Textbook, Canadian Glossary<br \/>\n12  Horn v. Sunderland Corporation (1941) 2K.B.26, 49 (C.A.)<br \/>\n13  UBC, Sauder School of Business, Expropriation Valuation, <\/p>\n<p>Professional Development CPD 122 Course Workbook, Table 14,<br \/>\nAppendix .48.<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada44<\/p>\n<p>Designations\/Candidates\/Students<\/p>\n<p>The Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC), together with the provincial associations and the provincial bodies affiliated with the AIC, commend the following<br \/>\nmembers who completed the rigorous requirements for accreditation as a designated member of the AIC during the period November 1\/2008 to January 16\/2009:<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs (ICE), en collaboration avec les associations provinciales et les organismes provinciaux affili\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019ICE, f\u00e9licitent les membres<br \/>\nsuivants qui ont compl\u00e9t\u00e9 le programme rigoureux d\u2019accr\u00e9ditation \u00e0 titre de membre d\u00e9sign\u00e9 de l\u2019ICE durant la p\u00e9riode du 1 novembre au 16 janvier 2009:<\/p>\n<p>AIC designations granted \/ D\u00e9signations obtenues de l\u2019ICE<\/p>\n<p>Candidates \/ Stagiaires<br \/>\nAIC welcomed the following new Candidate members during the period November 1\/2008 to January 16\/2009:<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ICE souhaite la bienvenue aux personnes suivantes qui ont joint les rangs des membres stagiaires durant la p\u00e9riode du 1 novembre au 16 janvier 2009:<\/p>\n<p>ALBERTA<br \/>\nSean Edmund Bliss<br \/>\nLawrence T. Cheng<br \/>\nHorace Y.K. Cheung<br \/>\nCheryl D. Gardiner<br \/>\nLee R. Ireland<br \/>\nBenjamin O. Ojisua<br \/>\nFraser John Shand<br \/>\nJohn P. Simpson<br \/>\nBryan D. Tronsgard          <\/p>\n<p>BrITIsH\tCoLuMBIA<br \/>\nMelody Ming Yan Hui<br \/>\nAlexander Joseph Messina<br \/>\nFemi  Rufus          <\/p>\n<p>NOVA SCOTIA<br \/>\nRoss A. Cantwell          <\/p>\n<p>ONTARIO<br \/>\nEnas J. Awad<br \/>\nDavid W. M. Black<br \/>\nRazi  Chagla<br \/>\nRussell Henry Enns<br \/>\nBenji J. Feldman<br \/>\nLaurie M. Gordon<br \/>\nMichael John Haubold          <\/p>\n<p>Michael  Lau<br \/>\nDale R. Mitchell<br \/>\nErin K. O\u2019Brien<br \/>\nBrian  Rudolph<br \/>\nRobert C. Steele<br \/>\nDerek E. Williams<br \/>\nClarisse M. Williams          <\/p>\n<p>Students \/ \u00c9tudiants<br \/>\nThis new category of membership was implemented January 1, 2007 and now serves as the first step on the path to designation for those completing their requirements for<br \/>\nCandidate membership. Students considering the appraisal profession as a career option are also welcomed to this new category of membership.<br \/>\nCette nouvelle cat\u00e9gorie de membre entrait en vigueur le 1er janvier 2007 et constitue la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape sur la voie de la d\u00e9signation pour ceux qui s\u2019affairent \u00e0 compl\u00e9ter les exigences<br \/>\nde la cat\u00e9gorie de membre stagiaire. Les \u00e9tudiants qui contemplent une carri\u00e8re comme \u00e9valuateur professionnel sont bienvenus \u00e0 joindre cette nouvelle cat\u00e9gorie de membre.<\/p>\n<p>BrITIsH\tCoLuMBIA Glenn T. Benson  Choon Woo Lee Jason  Tan<br \/>\nONTARIO  Jeffrey Charles McDowell           Cynthia L. Morey       <\/p>\n<p>PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND<br \/>\nJan  Wicherek   <\/p>\n<p>Accredited Appraiser  Canadian Institute<br \/>\nWe welcome and congratulate these individuals as fully accredited members<br \/>\nof the Institute through the granting of their AACI, P. App. designation.<br \/>\nAccueillons et f\u00e9licitons comme membres pleinement accr\u00e9dit\u00e9s de l\u2019Institut et<br \/>\nleur accordons avec fiert\u00e9 la d\u00e9signation AACI, P. App.<\/p>\n<p>BrITIsH\tCoLuMBIA<br \/>\nMichael Spatharakis <\/p>\n<p>AACI, P. App<\/p>\n<p>sAskATCHEwAn<br \/>\nTodd B. Adams          <\/p>\n<p>NOVA SCOTIA<br \/>\nKelly M. Best<br \/>\nCharles A. Dunn       <\/p>\n<p>CRA<\/p>\n<p>ALBERTA<br \/>\nCordell  Schreiner          <\/p>\n<p>BrITIsH\tCoLuMBIA<br \/>\nCalvin H. Cosh          <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Residential Appraiser<br \/>\nThese members are congratulated on the successful completion of the CRA<br \/>\ndesignation requirements.<br \/>\nNous f\u00e9licitons ces membres pour avoir compl\u00e9t\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s le programme<br \/>\nmenant \u00e0 la d\u00e9signation CRA.<\/p>\n<p>NOVA SCOTIA<br \/>\nMarcia L. D\u2019Eon<br \/>\nTodd  Gardiner<br \/>\nElaine  Himmelman<br \/>\nRobert I. Johnson          <\/p>\n<p>NEW BRUNSWICk<br \/>\nJean Guy  Doiron          <\/p>\n<p>ONTARIO<br \/>\nPortia S. Yip          <\/p>\n<p>PRINCE EDWARD<br \/>\nISLAND<br \/>\nBlair D. MacKinnon          <\/p>\n<p>QUEBEC<br \/>\nJulie  Ouimet<br \/>\nRichard  Sarrazin<br \/>\nSylvain  Chartier<\/p>\n<p>novembre<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 45<\/p>\n<p>News<\/p>\n<p>IN MeMoRIAM<\/p>\n<p>Les membres suivant de l\u2019Institut canadien<br \/>\ndes \u00e9valuateurs sont d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9s. Au nom de<br \/>\ntous ceux qui oeuvrent de pr\u00e8s ou de loin<br \/>\nau sein de l\u2019Institut et de la profession, nous<br \/>\nexprimons nos plus sinc\u00e8res condol\u00e9ances \u00e0<br \/>\nles familles, amis et associ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>The following members of the Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada have passed away. On<br \/>\nbehalf of everyone connected with the<br \/>\nInstitute and the profession, we extend our<br \/>\nsincerest sympathies to the families, friends<br \/>\nand associates.<\/p>\n<p>k. Ann Benedict, CRA, Winnipeg, MB<br \/>\nJames Buehler, AACI, P. App., Calgary, AB<br \/>\nBrian Frewin, AACI, P. App., Hamilton, ON<br \/>\nLouella A. Gillespie, CRA, Regina, SK<br \/>\nGordon L. Wychopen, CRA, Cold Lake, AB<\/p>\n<p>CRITICAL DATeS<br \/>\nThe following dates are provided as a<br \/>\nreminder to Appraisal Institute of Canada<br \/>\n(AIC) members of critical dates throughout<br \/>\nthe year: <\/p>\n<p>Friday, April 3, 2009 \u2013 Deadline for<br \/>\narticle submission for next issue of Cana-<br \/>\ndian Property Valuation magazine<\/p>\n<p>Monday, April 27, 2009 \u2013 Conference<br \/>\n2009 in Mont Tremblant, Qu\u00e9bec \u2013 Early<br \/>\nbird registration deadline.  <\/p>\n<p>new sTAff membeR<br \/>\nAIC welcomes new<br \/>\nManager, Professional Affairs<br \/>\nIn January of this year, Dominique Racine-Dickie joined AIC as the Institute\u2019s<br \/>\nnew Manager, Professional Affairs. Dominique brings with her extensive associa-<br \/>\ntion experience and most recently worked for the Canadian College of Health <\/p>\n<p>Service Executives as their Director, Membership Services. She is fluently bilingual and looks forward<br \/>\nto serving all AIC members in their preferred official language. AIC members can reach Dominique via<br \/>\nemail at dominiquer@aicanada.ca or by phone at (613) 234-6533 extension 233.<\/p>\n<p>CeNSURe<br \/>\nTHE APPRAISAL INSTITUTE OF CANADA advises that Mr. Ronald Richardson, AACI of<br \/>\nAbbotsford, BC, has been found in contravention of the Institute\u2019s Code of Ethics and Standards<br \/>\nof Professional Practice in relation to a report prepared in 2006. The sections contravened are:<br \/>\nCanadian Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (2006 Edition):<br \/>\nAppraisal Standards Rule: 9, 11, 14, 16, 18<br \/>\nEthics Standard Rule: 3, 5 and 10.<\/p>\n<p>The member completed an appraisal report on a two-storey retail establishment which<br \/>\nwas vacant at the time of the appraisal. The report does not contain a hypothetical condition or<br \/>\nextraordinary assumption that the existing \u2018offer to lease\u2019 had been formalized into a lease and<br \/>\nthat the tenant was in occupancy and paying rent. The report is poorly worded and confusing.<br \/>\nThe member did not address the issue of a previous sale of the property at substantially less than<br \/>\nthe appraised value. There were several other serious CUSPAP omissions within the report. The<br \/>\nincome approach was not property applied, nor did the member discuss or analyze any market<br \/>\ndata in support of his value conclusions.<\/p>\n<p>As a result of this conduct, Mr. Ronald Richardson, AACI, has been given the discipline<br \/>\nof Censure and has been directed to attend the Professional Practice Seminar provided by the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada along with other educational requirements. Also, pursuant to the<br \/>\nConsolidated Regulations of the Appraisal Institute of Canada, costs have been levied.<\/p>\n<p>This matter was resolved under AIC Regulations in place prior to June 2008 as requested by Mr.<br \/>\nRonald Richardson, AACI.<\/p>\n<p>of Canadian Property Valuation available online<br \/>\nPlease check out the interactive Canadian Property Valuation at www.aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Interactive edition<\/p>\n<p>ith print and electronic communica-<br \/>\ntion operating hand-in-hand more <\/p>\n<p>than ever before, we are more than happy to<br \/>\nadvise you that Canadian Property Valuation<br \/>\nmagazine is available online in a highly inter-<br \/>\nactive format. <\/p>\n<p>A user-friendly, interactive Media Rich PDF<br \/>\nformat that includes:<\/p>\n<p>  Active hyper-links to all websites and<br \/>\ne-mails contained in the publication<\/p>\n<p> Active links to the specific stories from<br \/>\nthe front cover and contents page<\/p>\n<p> Active links to advertiser websites from<br \/>\ntheir ads<\/p>\n<p>Interactive edition<\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>mailto:dominiquer@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"q6dn8922xN\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/\">Home<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Home&#8221; &#8212; Appraisal Institute of Canada\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/embed\/#?secret=XQwmrRvm5l#?secret=q6dn8922xN\" data-secret=\"q6dn8922xN\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation Volume 53 | book 1 | 2009 \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada46<\/p>\n<p>Calendar of events<\/p>\n<p>*If you are viewing an electronic version of this issue on the AIC web site, please click on these listings for active links to the advertisers\u2019 web sites.<\/p>\n<p>Advertising Information Centre<\/p>\n<p>A Bound Corporation                        Page 5   www.abound.ca   888-622-6863<br \/>\nACI   2, 3, 48  www.appraiserchoice.com 800-234-8727<br \/>\nAltus Group Ltd. 47  www.thealtusgroup.com 416-204-1100<br \/>\nAtlantic Realty Advisors  31  www.ara.ca<br \/>\nCanadian Association of Accredited   Mortgage Professionals   21   www.caamp.org 416-385-2333<br \/>\nCanadian Resource Valuation Group       42  www.crvg.com 780-424-8856<br \/>\nNotarius  28  www.notarius.com 800-567-6703<br \/>\nMarshall\t&#038;\tSwift\t 13\t\t www.marshallswift.com\t 800-544-2678<br \/>\nPersonal\tHome\t&#038;\tAuto\tGroup\tInsurance\t \t\t\t\t17\t\t www.thepersonal.com\/aicanada\t\t 888-476-8737<\/p>\n<p>AIC Annual General Meeting<br \/>\nMay 30,2009<\/p>\n<p>Pillars of Professionalism:<br \/>\nEducation,\tExperience,\tHigh\tstandards<br \/>\n2009 Appraisal Institute of Canada Annual Conference<br \/>\nMay 27 &#8211; 30, 2009 \u2013 Mont Tremblant, Qu\u00e9bec<br \/>\nFor information contact maried@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>BC 2009 BC Land Summit<br \/>\n\u2013 A Better Future; Adapting to Change<br \/>\nMay 20 \u2013 22, 2009 \u2013 Whistler BC<br \/>\nTelus Whistler Conference Centre<br \/>\nThe program of the 2009 BC Land Summit will include up to four<br \/>\nleading, diverse, and engaging keynote speakers who will present<br \/>\nat four planned plenary sessions. Keynote speakers include: Robert<br \/>\nF. Kennedy, Jr., Sherry Kafka Wagner, Thomas R. Berger, O.C., Q.C.,<br \/>\nO.B.C., and Richard Hebda.<br \/>\nFor information contact http:\/\/www.bclandsummit.com\/<\/p>\n<p>2009 Professional Practice Seminars<br \/>\nFormerly the Standards Seminars<br \/>\nMarch 6 and 7 &#8211; Richmond<br \/>\nAllan Beatty, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nApril 3 and 4  &#8211; Prince George<br \/>\nLarry Dybvig, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nJune 19 and 20 &#8211; Lower Mainland<br \/>\nAllan Beatty, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nSeptember 18 and 19 &#8211; Okanagan<br \/>\nAllan Beatty, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nNovember 6 and 7 &#8211; Surrey\/Langley<br \/>\nLarry Dybvig, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nFor information contact Jane Anne Dunning at<br \/>\ninfo@appraisal.bc.ca,  (604) 266-8287, or check<br \/>\nwww.appraisal.bc.ca\/<\/p>\n<p>AB Professional Practice Seminar (Standards)<br \/>\nSpring 2009<br \/>\nDate and location TBA<br \/>\nFor information please contact AB AIC at info@appraisal.ab.ca,<br \/>\n(403) 207-7892 or check  www.appraisal.ab.ca<\/p>\n<p>Sk AGM and Conference    March 20, 2009 \u2013 Regina<br \/>\nFor information contact Marilyn Steranka skaic@sasktel.net,<br \/>\n(306) 352-4195 or check www.skaic.org\/<\/p>\n<p>MB Professional Practice Seminar<br \/>\nFormerly the Standards Seminar<br \/>\nMarch\t6\t&#038;\t7,\t2009\t\t\u2013\t\tWinnipeg<br \/>\nFor information please contact Lynne Smith Dark mbaic@mts.net<br \/>\nor (204) 943-1177<\/p>\n<p>Credit Union Forecast<br \/>\nBernard Carling, Director, Lending Services, Credit Union Central<br \/>\nof Manitoba<br \/>\nApril 9, 2009 \u2013 Norwood Hotel, Winnipeg<br \/>\nFor information contact Lynne Smith Dark mbaic@mts.net,<br \/>\n(204) 943-1177 or check www.aimanitoba.ca<\/p>\n<p>ON Intensive BUSI (112, 330, 400, 334) Courses<br \/>\nMarch 2-6, 2009 &#8211; Toronto <\/p>\n<p>OA-AIC CONFERENCE AND AGM<br \/>\nApril 24 and 25, 2009 \u2013 London<br \/>\nFor information contact Lorraine Rigas\u00a0at lrigas@oaaic.on.ca,<br \/>\n(416) 695-9333 or check www.oaaic.on.ca<\/p>\n<p>QC For further information contact Ginette St-Jean aqice@qc.aira.com<br \/>\nor (450) 454-0377 or check www.aqice.ca<\/p>\n<p>NB AGM and Conference  April 16, 17, 2009<br \/>\nFor information contact Jennifer Nemeth nbarea@nb.aibn.com or<br \/>\n(506) 450-2016 or check www.nbarea.org\/main.asp<\/p>\n<p>NS Seminar and Annual General Meeting  March 6 &#8211; 7, 2009<br \/>\nFor information contact Davida Mackay nsreaa@nsappraisal.ns.ca<br \/>\nor (902) 422-4077 or check www.nsappraisal.ns.ca\/<\/p>\n<p>PEI For information contact Suzanne Pater peiaic@xplornet.com,<br \/>\n(902) 368-3355<\/p>\n<p>NL AGM   April 17, 2009<br \/>\nFor further information contact Sherry House naaic@nf.aibn.com<br \/>\nor (709) 753-7644 <\/p>\n<p>Click HeRe to return to Table of Contents<\/p>\n<p>mailto:maried@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Ui0t7k7cc6\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bclandsummit.com\/\">Home<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Home&#8221; &#8212; BC Land Summit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bclandsummit.com\/embed\/#?secret=B0qnimg4mK#?secret=Ui0t7k7cc6\" data-secret=\"Ui0t7k7cc6\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nmailto:info@appraisal.bc.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.appraisal.bc.ca\/<br \/>\nmailto:info@appraisal.ab.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.appraisal.ab.ca<br \/>\nmailto:skaic@sasktel.net<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.skaic.org\/<br \/>\nmailto:mbaic@mts.net<br \/>\nmailto:mbaic@mts.net<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aimanitoba.ca<br \/>\nmailto:lrigas@oaaic.on.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.oaaic.on.ca<br \/>\nmailto:aqice@qc.aira.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aqice.ca<br \/>\nmailto:nbarea@nb.aibn.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.nbarea.org\/main.asp<br \/>\nmailto:nsreaa@nsappraisal.ns.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.nsappraisal.ns.ca\/<br \/>\nmailto:peiaic@xplornet.com<br \/>\nmailto:naaic@nf.aibn.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.abound.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.appraiserchoice.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.thealtusgroup.com<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"wTOfRW4wLX\"><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ara.ca\/\">Home<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; 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Advisory<br \/>\nCost Consulting<br \/>\nRealty Tax Consulting<br \/>\nGeomatics<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9valuation et fiscalit\u00e9 municipale<br \/>\nAnalyse immobili\u00e8re<br \/>\nSolutions technologiques<br \/>\nG\u00e9omatique<\/p>\n<p>Market intelligence.<br \/>\n Intelligence de march\u00e9.<br \/>\nIndustry leadership.<br \/>\n Leadership de l\u2019industrie.<br \/>\nInternational expansion.<br \/>\n Expansion internationale.<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.thealtusgroup.com<\/p>\n<p>ACI and its products are trademarks or registered trademarks of ACI. | Copyright \u00a9 2009 ACI | Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.<\/p>\n<p>ACI365.com The Appraiser\u2019s Choice\u2122 800-234-8727<\/p>\n<p>ACI365\u2122 Your Appraisal Office \u2014Online<br \/>\nThe Complete Appraisal Office Management Solution<br \/>\nOrganize your office, gain control of your business, and have time to achieve more than you ever thought possible!<\/p>\n<p>ACI365\u2122 offers a complete appraisal office management system accessible from any computer connected to<br \/>\nthe Internet. Providing the ability to concisely manage every aspect of your appraisal process from<br \/>\nanywhere, anytime, ACI365\u2122 has the tools you need to succeed in an ever-changing market.<\/p>\n<p>Let ACI365\u2122 help you take control of your appraisal office and benefit from:<\/p>\n<p>Better Client<br \/>\nCommunication<\/p>\n<p>Market to your  \u203a<br \/>\nclients quickly<br \/>\nand easily.<\/p>\n<p>Create and   \u203a<br \/>\nmanage your<br \/>\nmailing list.<\/p>\n<p>Customize how   \u203a<br \/>\noften you would<br \/>\nlike to contact clients.<\/p>\n<p>Web Designer<br \/>\nReflect your company\u2019s standing in the marketplace. \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Make your site look unique. \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Setup is simple with our Implementation Specialists  \u203a<br \/>\nwho virtually walk you through the setup and stay<br \/>\nwith you until your website is up and running.<\/p>\n<p>Faster Payments<br \/>\nAutomatically send customizable   \u203a<br \/>\nE-Mails to your clients notifying<br \/>\nthem when payment is due.<\/p>\n<p>New!<br \/>\nPayPal\u2122 Integration<\/p>\n<p>Includes CRAL2009\u2122 Integration<\/p>\n<p>Order Management from the Field<br \/>\nAccess, edit, &#038; manage all your orders from the field. \u203a<\/p>\n<p>Management Reports at the<br \/>\nTouch of a Button<\/p>\n<p>Run reports on past and present appraisals,   \u203a<br \/>\nappraisers or clients.<\/p>\n<p>Customize your emails, select a delivery schedule,   \u203a<br \/>\nand ACI365\u2122 will do the rest.<\/p>\n<p>Call Today \u2014Limited Time Offer!<br \/>\nAt a fraction of the price of the competition, the<br \/>\nACI365\u2122 Complete Office Solution offers the most<br \/>\naffordable option in the industry.<\/p>\n<p>* Payable in US Dollars<\/p>\n<p>Complete Solution Special<br \/>\nincluding Website &#038; Worksite<\/p>\n<p>$365 $299*<br \/>\nACI365\u2122 Website<\/p>\n<p>$249 $199*<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.appraiserchoice.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":14348,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":""},"class_list":["post-30002","issue","type-issue","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue\/30002","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/issue"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}