{"id":99239,"date":"2022-06-29T12:57:48","date_gmt":"2022-06-29T16:57:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/?post_type=issue&#038;p=99239"},"modified":"2022-06-29T12:58:48","modified_gmt":"2022-06-29T08:58:48","slug":"2022-volume-66-tome-2","status":"publish","type":"issue","link":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/cpv-issue\/2022-volume-66-tome-2\/","title":{"rendered":"2022 &#8211; VOLUME 66 &#8211; Tome 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vol 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022<\/p>\n<p>P<br \/>\nM<\/p>\n<p> #<br \/>\n40<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n82<\/p>\n<p>49<br \/>\n R<\/p>\n<p>et<br \/>\nur<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nun<\/p>\n<p>de<br \/>\nli<\/p>\n<p>ve<br \/>\nra<\/p>\n<p>bl<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>C<br \/>\nan<\/p>\n<p>ad<br \/>\nia<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nA<\/p>\n<p>dd<br \/>\nre<\/p>\n<p>ss<br \/>\nes<\/p>\n<p> t<br \/>\no:<\/p>\n<p> A<br \/>\npp<\/p>\n<p>ra<br \/>\nis<\/p>\n<p>al<br \/>\n In<\/p>\n<p>st<br \/>\nit<\/p>\n<p>ut<br \/>\ne <\/p>\n<p>of<br \/>\n C<\/p>\n<p>an<br \/>\nad<\/p>\n<p>a,<br \/>\n 4<\/p>\n<p>03<br \/>\n-2<\/p>\n<p>00<br \/>\n C<\/p>\n<p>at<br \/>\nhe<\/p>\n<p>ri<br \/>\nne<\/p>\n<p> S<br \/>\nt.<\/p>\n<p>, O<br \/>\ntt<\/p>\n<p>aw<br \/>\na,<\/p>\n<p> O<br \/>\nN<\/p>\n<p> K<br \/>\n2P<\/p>\n<p> 2<br \/>\nK<\/p>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>The Official Publication of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada \/<br \/>\nPublication officielle de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\nCanadien des \u00c9valuateurs<\/p>\n<p>USING PROBABILITY<br \/>\nDISTRIBUTION AND<br \/>\nVARIANCE TO SELECT<br \/>\nTHE BEST OVERALL<br \/>\nCAPITALIZATION RATE<br \/>\nOF A PROPERTY<br \/>\nUtiliser la distribution<br \/>\nde probabilit\u00e9 et la<br \/>\nvariance pour s\u00e9lectionner<br \/>\nle meilleur taux de<br \/>\ncapitalisation global<br \/>\nd&rsquo;une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 <\/p>\n<p>COLLATERAL DAMAGE:<br \/>\nA BRIEF HISTORY<br \/>\nAND THE EFFECTS OF<br \/>\nHOUSING DISCRIMINATION<br \/>\nIN CANADA<br \/>\nDommages collat\u00e9raux :<br \/>\nune br\u00e8ve histoire et les<br \/>\neffets de la discrimination<br \/>\nen mati\u00e8re de logement<br \/>\nau Canada<\/p>\n<p>FAITSFAITS<br \/>\nMYTH<\/p>\n<p>ES<br \/>\nMYTH<\/p>\n<p>ESMYTH<br \/>\nS<\/p>\n<p>FACTS<\/p>\n<p>APPRAISER<\/p>\n<p>LIABILITY MYTHS<\/p>\n<p>MYTHES SUR LA<br \/>\nRESPONSABILIT\u00c9<br \/>\nDES \u00c9VALUATEURS<\/p>\n<p>Immobili\u00e8re au Canada<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property<\/p>\n<p>mailto:canada.valuation@avisonyoung.com<\/p>\n<p>\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<\/p>\n<p>\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\t\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd \ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<br \/>\n\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<\/p>\n<p>For more information, please contact:<\/p>\n<p>Dave Black<br \/>\nAACI, P. App., MRICS<br \/>\nExecutive Vice President &#038; National Practice Lead<br \/>\nJLL Valuation Advisory<br \/>\nDave.Black@am.jll.com<br \/>\njll.ca\/value<\/p>\n<p>\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd<\/p>\n<p>mailto:Dave.Black@am.jll.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/jll.ca\/value<\/p>\n<p>Colliers recently introduced new market leading report<br \/>\nwriting software which upon its introduction increased<br \/>\naverage report production speeds by upwards of 30%.<br \/>\nColliers AACI designated appraisers in Canada had an<br \/>\naverage net compensation in 2020 in excess of $200,000.<br \/>\nReach out today to learn how to leverage Colliers brand,<br \/>\ntechnology and resources to take your career to the next<br \/>\nlevel.<\/p>\n<p>Contact Brandi Skaggs at Brandi.Skaggs@colliers.com<br \/>\nto learn more about joining Valuation &#038; Advisory Services<br \/>\nat Colliers International.<\/p>\n<p>colliers.com<\/p>\n<p>Be the expert<br \/>\nColliers is seeking motivated appraisers to join our<br \/>\nValuation and Advisory Services team.<\/p>\n<p>mailto:Brandi.Skaggs@colliers.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/colliers.com<\/p>\n<p>The articles printed in<br \/>\nthis issue represent<br \/>\nauthors\u2019 opinions only<br \/>\nand are not necessarily<br \/>\nendorsed by the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute<br \/>\nof Canada. Copyright<br \/>\n2022 by the Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada.<br \/>\nAll rights reserved.<br \/>\nReproduction in whole<br \/>\nor in part without<br \/>\nwritten permission<br \/>\nis strictly prohibited.<br \/>\nSubscription, $40.00 per<br \/>\nyear. Printed in Canada. <\/p>\n<p>Les articles imprim\u00e9s dans<br \/>\nce num\u00e9ro ne rep\u00e9sentent<br \/>\nque l\u2019opinion de leur auteur<br \/>\nrespectif, mais ne sont pas<br \/>\nn\u00e9ces\u2013sairement endoss\u00e9s<br \/>\npar l\u2019Institut Canadien des<br \/>\n\u00c9valuateurs. Tous droits<br \/>\nreserv\u00e9s 2022 par l\u2019Institut<br \/>\nCanadien des \u00c9valuateurs.<br \/>\nLa reproduction totale ou<br \/>\npartielle sous quelque<br \/>\nform que se soit sans<br \/>\nauthorisation \u00e9crite est<br \/>\nabsolument interdite.<br \/>\nAbonnement $40.00 par<br \/>\nann\u00e9e. Imprim\u00e9 au Canada.<\/p>\n<p>* The Appraisal Institute of<br \/>\nCanada reserves the right<br \/>\nto reject advertising that it<br \/>\ndeems to be inappropriate.<\/p>\n<p>** The publisher and the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada<br \/>\ncannot be held liable for<br \/>\nany material used or claims<br \/>\nmade in advertising included<br \/>\nin this publication.Indexed<br \/>\nin the Canadian Business<br \/>\nIndex and available on-line<br \/>\nin the Canadian Business &#038;<br \/>\nCurrent Affairs database.<br \/>\nISSN 0827-2697<\/p>\n<p>Publication Mails Agreement<br \/>\n#40008249<\/p>\n<p>Return undeliverable<br \/>\nCanadian addresses to:<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada<br \/>\n403-200 Catherine St.,<br \/>\nOttawa, ON K2P 2K9. <\/p>\n<p>Director \u2013 Communications:<br \/>\nPaul H\u00e9bert, Ottawa<\/p>\n<p>Communications Officer:<br \/>\nHaddy John, Ottawa<\/p>\n<p>Publication management,<br \/>\ndesign and production by:<br \/>\nDirection, conception et<br \/>\nproduction par :<\/p>\n<p>3rd Floor \u2013 2020 Portage<br \/>\nAvenue, Winnipeg,<br \/>\nMB R3J 0K4<br \/>\nPhone: 866-985-9780<br \/>\nFax: 866-985-9799<br \/>\nE-mail: info@kelman.ca<br \/>\nWeb: www.kelman.ca<\/p>\n<p>Managing Editor:<br \/>\nCraig Kelman<\/p>\n<p>Design\/Layout:<br \/>\nJackie Magat<\/p>\n<p>Marketing Manager:<br \/>\nKris Fillion<\/p>\n<p>Advertising Co-ordinator:<br \/>\nStefanie Hagidiakow<\/p>\n<p>  7 Executive Corner<br \/>\nAn interview with outgoing AIC President<br \/>\nAndr\u00e9 Pouliot, AACI, P.App (Fellow)<\/p>\n<p>28 Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI)<br \/>\nCollateral damage: A brief history and the effects of housing<br \/>\ndiscrimination in Canada <\/p>\n<p>36 Advocacy<br \/>\nAdvocacy highlights of 2021 and 2022<\/p>\n<p>40 Legal Matters<br \/>\nExpert witness immunity<\/p>\n<p>46 The Future is Bright<br \/>\nAlexe Pelley, Candidate<\/p>\n<p>52 News<br \/>\n\u2022 Conference keynotes and Annual General Meeting Agenda<br \/>\n\u2022 2022 Tyler Beatty Award Recipients<br \/>\n\u2022 Important Dates<br \/>\n\u2022 In Memoriam<\/p>\n<p>61 Designations, Candidates, Students<\/p>\n<p>10 Le coin de l\u2019\u00e9xecutif<br \/>\nUn entretien avec le pr\u00e9sident sortant de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\nAndr\u00e9 Pouliot, AACI, P.App (Fellow)<\/p>\n<p>32 \u00c9quit\u00e9, diversit\u00e9 et inclusion (EDI)<br \/>\nDommages collat\u00e9raux : une br\u00e8ve histoire et les effets<br \/>\nde la discrimination en mati\u00e8re de logement au Canada<\/p>\n<p>38 D\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats<br \/>\nFaits saillants 2021 et 2022<\/p>\n<p>43 Questions juridiques<br \/>\nL\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin expert<\/p>\n<p>49 L\u2019avenir est prometteur<br \/>\nAlexe Pelley, membre stagiaire<\/p>\n<p>52 Nouvelles<br \/>\n\u2022 Nos conf\u00e9renciers et l&rsquo;Ordre du jour de l&rsquo;Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale annuelle<br \/>\n\u2022 R\u00e9cipiendaires du prix Tyler Beatty pour 2022<br \/>\n\u2022 Dates importantes<br \/>\n\u2022 En m\u00e9moire<\/p>\n<p>61 D\u00e9signations, stagiaires, \u00e9tudiants<\/p>\n<p>COLUMNS CHRONIQUES<\/p>\n<p>Do not let these four appraiser<br \/>\nliability myths trip you up <\/p>\n<p>Ne laissez pas ces quatre mythes<br \/>\nsur la responsabilit\u00e9 des \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nvous faire tr\u00e9bucher <\/p>\n<p>14<\/p>\n<p>Collateral damage: a brief history and<br \/>\nthe effects of housing discrimination<br \/>\nin Canada <\/p>\n<p>Using probability distribution and<br \/>\nvariance to select the best overall<br \/>\ncapitalization rate of a property<br \/>\nUtiliser la distribution de probabilit\u00e9 et la<br \/>\nvariance pour s\u00e9lectionner le meilleur taux<br \/>\nde capitalisation global d&rsquo;une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 <\/p>\n<p>28<\/p>\n<p>20<\/p>\n<p>Colliers recently introduced new market leading report<br \/>\nwriting software which upon its introduction increased<br \/>\naverage report production speeds by upwards of 30%.<br \/>\nColliers AACI designated appraisers in Canada had an<br \/>\naverage net compensation in 2020 in excess of $200,000.<br \/>\nReach out today to learn how to leverage Colliers brand,<br \/>\ntechnology and resources to take your career to the next<br \/>\nlevel.<\/p>\n<p>Contact Brandi Skaggs at Brandi.Skaggs@colliers.com<br \/>\nto learn more about joining Valuation &#038; Advisory Services<br \/>\nat Colliers International.<\/p>\n<p>colliers.com<\/p>\n<p>Be the expert<br \/>\nColliers is seeking motivated appraisers to join our<br \/>\nValuation and Advisory Services team.<\/p>\n<p>mailto:info@kelman.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.kelman.ca<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.cdcinc.ca<\/p>\n<p>An interview with<br \/>\noutgoing AIC President<br \/>\nAndr\u00e9 Pouliot,<br \/>\nAACI, P.App (Fellow)<\/p>\n<p>Having the opportunity to share the AIC&rsquo;S viewpoint was the culmination of a great<br \/>\ndeal of work by previous boards, committees and staff.<\/p>\n<p>We now have a roadmap that will inform our<br \/>\nstrategy in the short- and long-term.<\/p>\n<p>EXECUTIVE CORNER<\/p>\n<p>Q: How would you describe your <\/p>\n<p>experiences as president this past <\/p>\n<p>year from both a professional and <\/p>\n<p>personal standpoint?<\/p>\n<p>In a word \u2018positive.\u2019 As president, I routinely<br \/>\ninteracted with our staff, volunteers, and<br \/>\nstakeholders, and, over the past year, the<br \/>\ngeneral feeling is that the future holds<br \/>\nopportunities for the profession.     <\/p>\n<p>Q: What do you feel have been the <\/p>\n<p>major accomplishments or highlights <\/p>\n<p>during the past year?  <\/p>\n<p>There were many, but I will pick two.<br \/>\nI will start with Advocacy. During the<br \/>\npast 12 months, I have attended meetings <\/p>\n<p>with the Office of the Superintendent<br \/>\nof Financial Institutions (OSFI); Canada<br \/>\nMortgage and Housing Corporation<br \/>\n(CMHC); Conservative, Liberal, and NDP<br \/>\nMPs; as well as the Prime Minister\u2019s<br \/>\nOffice (PMO). Having the opportunity<br \/>\nto share the viewpoint of the Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada (AIC) was the<br \/>\nculmination of a great deal of work by<br \/>\nprevious boards, committees and staff.<br \/>\nThe large number of meetings we had<br \/>\nthis year is an indication that this work<br \/>\nis paying dividends. The second is the<br \/>\ndelivery of the Shaping our Future Task<br \/>\nForce Report, which is the culmination<br \/>\nof thousands of volunteer hours and <\/p>\n<p>Return to CONTENTS 7Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022<\/p>\n<p>EXECUTIVE CORNER<\/p>\n<p>The nature of being in the president\u2019s role for only a<br \/>\nyear means that you need to be proud of what gets<br \/>\ndone, as well as what gets started.<\/p>\n<p>We want strong Candidates to choose our profession and having an environment<br \/>\nthat celebrates equity, diversity and inclusion, and gives everyone an opportunity<br \/>\nto thrive will help make that a reality.<\/p>\n<p>The Task Force recommendations represent<br \/>\na thoughtful, business-oriented approach<br \/>\nto raising the bar for the AIC. Implementing<br \/>\nthe recommendations will improve the value<br \/>\nproposition that AIC offers to its Members.<\/p>\n<p>hundreds of thousands of data points<br \/>\ngathered from our membership, who were<br \/>\nhighly engaged in the consultations that<br \/>\nled to the report\u2019s recommendations.<br \/>\nWe now have a roadmap that will inform<br \/>\nour strategy in the short- and long-term.<\/p>\n<p>Q: Are there specific areas where <\/p>\n<p>you wish more could have been <\/p>\n<p>accomplished?<\/p>\n<p>To be honest, I started with realistic<br \/>\nexpectations of what could and could<br \/>\nnot get done. The nature of being in the<br \/>\npresident\u2019s role for only one year means<br \/>\nthat you need to be proud of what gets<br \/>\ndone, as well as what gets started. Many of<br \/>\nthe things you finish were started by those<br \/>\nwho came before you and you have to<br \/>\ntrust the team that comes after you to see<br \/>\nthrough some of the things you started.<\/p>\n<p>Q. How do you feel the organization <\/p>\n<p>and the membership will be impacted <\/p>\n<p>by the findings and recommendations <\/p>\n<p>of the Shaping our Future Task Force? <\/p>\n<p>The Task Force recommendations<br \/>\nrepresent a thoughtful, business-oriented<br \/>\napproach to raising the bar for the AIC.<br \/>\nImplementing the recommendations will<br \/>\nimprove the value proposition that AIC<br \/>\noffers to its Members.<\/p>\n<p>Q. An important initiative for <\/p>\n<p>the AIC this past year was the <\/p>\n<p>President\u2019s Council on Equity, <\/p>\n<p>Diversity and Inclusion (EDI).  <\/p>\n<p>Can you comment on the work of <\/p>\n<p>the Council and the EDI culture <\/p>\n<p>that is developing at the AIC as a <\/p>\n<p>result of the Council\u2019s efforts?  <\/p>\n<p>The Council has already started to provide<br \/>\nfeedback and recommendations to the<br \/>\nBoard on our policies, standards and even<br \/>\nthe composition of the Council itself.  <\/p>\n<p>the early days. We want strong<br \/>\nCandidates to choose our profession<br \/>\nand having an environment that<br \/>\ncelebrates equity, diversity and<br \/>\ninclusion, and gives everyone an<br \/>\nopportunity to thrive will help make<br \/>\nthat a reality.<\/p>\n<p>Q: Can you describe your overall <\/p>\n<p>experiences working with <\/p>\n<p>the AIC\u2019s Board of Directors, <\/p>\n<p>national office staff, and <\/p>\n<p>Members?<\/p>\n<p>I was pleased with the high level of<br \/>\nengagement of our Board, our staff,<br \/>\nand our membership over the past<br \/>\nyear. Our Board does not shy away<br \/>\nfrom tough decisions and acts in the<br \/>\nbest interest of our Members. I have <\/p>\n<p>I can say that our decisions are more<br \/>\nmindful about EDI than we might have<br \/>\nbeen previously, which speaks to a<br \/>\ngreater awareness among not just our<br \/>\nBoard members, but our staff as well.<br \/>\nThere is work to do, but these are still <\/p>\n<p>said it before, but our staff have made<br \/>\nour cause their own. I have been<br \/>\npleased to share in some of the wins<br \/>\nthey have helped lead and bring about<br \/>\nthis year in terms of Advocacy and<br \/>\nwith our Task Force.  <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 8 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Volunteering with the AIC is a valuable experience, whether it be at the provincial<br \/>\nor national level, on a committee or in a governance role. I would recommend to<br \/>\nanyone considering it to do so.<\/p>\n<p>EXECUTIVE CORNER<\/p>\n<p>Q: Are there particular memories <\/p>\n<p>from the past year that stand out in <\/p>\n<p>your mind?<\/p>\n<p>I like all the wins\u2026 but one I have not<br \/>\ntouched on was the decision to bet big on<br \/>\nour first virtual conference in 2021.<br \/>\nA virtual conference is a lot different than<br \/>\nan in-person conference. We had seen<br \/>\nsome other conferences done via Zoom,<br \/>\nbut we wanted the experience to be as<br \/>\nmuch like an in-person conference as<br \/>\npossible. To say the team came through is<br \/>\nan understatement. They sourced a virtual<br \/>\nplatform that was very much like attending<br \/>\nin person. It had meeting halls, sponsors,<br \/>\nvendor kiosks, and networking rooms.<br \/>\nThe membership totally embraced what<br \/>\nwe had to offer for our first-ever virtual<br \/>\nconference. Not only did we have a record-<br \/>\nsetting attendance, we attracted many<br \/>\nMembers who were attending a conference<br \/>\nfor the first time.  <\/p>\n<p>Q: How did the challenges of fulfilling <\/p>\n<p>your president\u2019s role affect your  <\/p>\n<p>full-time career?<\/p>\n<p>It was a positive experience. In my<br \/>\nday-to-day role in property tax, I spend<br \/>\na lot of time discussing property<br \/>\nassessments and valuation issues with<br \/>\nassessors from across the country.<br \/>\nServing as AIC president has made me a<br \/>\nbetter listener and I have carried that<br \/>\ninto my day-to-day practice.    <\/p>\n<p>Q. Would you recommend the <\/p>\n<p>experience of serving as national <\/p>\n<p>president to other appraisers?<\/p>\n<p>Volunteering with the AIC is a valuable<br \/>\nexperience generally, whether it be at<br \/>\nthe provincial or national level, on a<br \/>\ncommittee or in a governance role. I would<br \/>\nrecommend to anyone considering it to <\/p>\n<p>do so. In terms of serving as president,<br \/>\nI would say that, if you have a good<br \/>\nappreciation for what the role involves<br \/>\nand are throwing your hat in because<br \/>\nyou want to give something back, then<br \/>\nyou will find the experience rewarding<br \/>\nand fulfilling.<\/p>\n<p>Q: What advice would you pass on <\/p>\n<p>to incoming presidents?<\/p>\n<p>I think I would rather refrain from giving<br \/>\nadvice, but offer a couple of observations<br \/>\ninstead. First, there is a tremendous <\/p>\n<p>knowledge base in the minds of the Board<br \/>\nand our national staff. Having thoughtful<br \/>\ndiscussions around the table is the best<br \/>\nway to ensure the best ideas are vetted.<br \/>\nSecond, the year will go by fast! <\/p>\n<p>Q: How do you see your role as  <\/p>\n<p>past-president in the year ahead?<\/p>\n<p>What I have learned is that past<br \/>\npresidents\u2019 are gracious with their time<br \/>\nand, I\u2019m quoting here, will \u201cdo anything<br \/>\nyou need me to do.\u201d I plan to carry on that<br \/>\nfine tradition. <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 9Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"VYj1YSnelG\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crvg.com\/\">CRVG Home<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;CRVG Home&#8221; &#8212; CRVG - Canadian Resource Valuation Group\" src=\"https:\/\/crvg.com\/embed\/#?secret=GP0earjbwK#?secret=VYj1YSnelG\" data-secret=\"VYj1YSnelG\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nmailto:info@crvg.com<\/p>\n<p>LE COIN DE L\u2019EX\u00c9CUTIF<\/p>\n<p>Un entretien avec<br \/>\nle pr\u00e9sident sortant de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\nAndr\u00e9 Pouliot,<br \/>\nAACI, P.App (Fellow)<\/p>\n<p> Avoir l\u2019occasion de partager le point de vue de l\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\n(ICE) a \u00e9t\u00e9 le point culminant de beaucoup de travail effectu\u00e9 par les conseils<br \/>\nd\u2019administration, les comit\u00e9s et le personnel pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents.<\/p>\n<p>Nous disposons d\u00e9sormais d&rsquo;une feuille de route<br \/>\nqui guidera notre strat\u00e9gie \u00e0 court et \u00e0 long terme.<\/p>\n<p>Q : Comment d\u00e9crivez-vous vos <\/p>\n<p>exp\u00e9riences en tant que pr\u00e9sident <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, tant d\u2019un point de <\/p>\n<p>vue professionnel que personnel?<\/p>\n<p>En un mot, \u00ab positive \u00bb. En tant que<br \/>\npr\u00e9sident, j\u2019ai r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement interagi<br \/>\navec notre personnel, nos b\u00e9n\u00e9voles et<br \/>\nnos intervenants et, au cours de l\u2019ann\u00e9e<br \/>\n\u00e9coul\u00e9e, le sentiment g\u00e9n\u00e9ral est que<br \/>\nl\u2019avenir est porteur d\u2019opportunit\u00e9s pour<br \/>\nla profession.<\/p>\n<p>Q : Quelles ont \u00e9t\u00e9, selon vous, les <\/p>\n<p>principales r\u00e9alisations ou les points <\/p>\n<p>forts de l\u2019ann\u00e9e \u00e9coul\u00e9e?  <\/p>\n<p>Il y en a eu beaucoup, mais je vais en <\/p>\n<p>choisir deux. Je commencerai par la<br \/>\nd\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats. Au cours des<br \/>\n12 derniers mois, j\u2019ai particip\u00e9 \u00e0 des<br \/>\nr\u00e9unions avec le Bureau du surintendant<br \/>\ndes institutions financi\u00e8res (BSIF);<br \/>\nla Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 canadienne d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ques<br \/>\net de logement (SCHL); des d\u00e9put\u00e9s<br \/>\nconservateurs, lib\u00e9raux et n\u00e9o-<br \/>\nd\u00e9mocrates; ainsi que le Cabinet du<br \/>\nPremier ministre (CPM). Avoir l\u2019occasion<br \/>\nde partager le point de vue de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\ncanadien des \u00e9valuateurs (ICE) a<br \/>\n\u00e9t\u00e9 le point culminant de beaucoup<br \/>\nde travail effectu\u00e9 par les conseils<br \/>\nd\u2019administration, les comit\u00e9s et le<br \/>\npersonnel pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents. Le grand nombre <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 10 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LE COIN DE L\u2019EX\u00c9CUTIF<\/p>\n<p>Le fait d&rsquo;occuper le poste de pr\u00e9sident pendant<br \/>\nseulement un an signifie que vous devez \u00eatre fier de<br \/>\nce qui est fait, ainsi que de ce qui est commenc\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Les recommandations du groupe de travail<br \/>\nrepr\u00e9sentent une approche r\u00e9fl\u00e9chie, orient\u00e9e<br \/>\nvers les affaires, pour rehausser les normes<br \/>\nprofessionnelles de l\u2019ICE. La mise en \u0153uvre de ces<br \/>\nrecommandations am\u00e9liorera la proposition de valeur<br \/>\nque l\u2019ICE offre \u00e0 ses membres.<\/p>\n<p>de r\u00e9unions que nous avons tenues<br \/>\ncette ann\u00e9e est une indication que ce<br \/>\ntravail porte ses fruits. La deuxi\u00e8me<br \/>\ngrande r\u00e9alisation a \u00e9t\u00e9 la remise du<br \/>\nrapport du groupe de travail Fa\u00e7onner<br \/>\nnotre avenir, qui est l\u2019aboutissement<br \/>\nde milliers d\u2019heures de b\u00e9n\u00e9volat et<br \/>\nde centaines de milliers de points<br \/>\nde donn\u00e9es recueillis aupr\u00e8s de nos<br \/>\nmembres, qui se sont fortement engag\u00e9s<br \/>\ndans les consultations qui ont men\u00e9<br \/>\naux recommandations du rapport. Nous<br \/>\ndisposons d\u00e9sormais d\u2019une feuille de<br \/>\nroute qui guidera notre strat\u00e9gie \u00e0 court<br \/>\net \u00e0 long terme. <\/p>\n<p>Q : Y a-t-il des domaines sp\u00e9cifiques <\/p>\n<p>o\u00f9 vous auriez souhait\u00e9 en <\/p>\n<p>accomplir davantage?<\/p>\n<p>Pour \u00eatre honn\u00eate, j\u2019ai commenc\u00e9 avec<br \/>\ndes attentes r\u00e9alistes de ce qui pouvait et<br \/>\nne pouvait pas \u00eatre fait. Le fait d\u2019occuper<br \/>\nle poste de pr\u00e9sident pendant seulement<br \/>\nun an signifie que vous devez \u00eatre fier<br \/>\nde ce qui est fait, ainsi que de ce qui est<br \/>\ncommenc\u00e9. Beaucoup de choses que<br \/>\nvous terminez ont \u00e9t\u00e9 commenc\u00e9es par<br \/>\nceux qui vous ont pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 et vous devez<br \/>\nfaire confiance \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe qui vous suit<br \/>\npour mener \u00e0 bien certaines des choses<br \/>\nque vous avez commenc\u00e9es. <\/p>\n<p>Q : Comment pensez-vous que <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019organisation et les membres seront <\/p>\n<p>affect\u00e9s par les conclusions et les <\/p>\n<p>recommandations du groupe de <\/p>\n<p>travail \u00ab Fa\u00e7onner notre avenir \u00bb?  <\/p>\n<p>Les recommandations du groupe de<br \/>\ntravail repr\u00e9sentent une approche <\/p>\n<p>r\u00e9fl\u00e9chie, orient\u00e9e vers les affaires, pour<br \/>\nrehausser les normes professionnelles<br \/>\nde l\u2019ICE. La mise en \u0153uvre de ces<br \/>\nrecommandations am\u00e9liorera la<br \/>\nproposition de valeur que l\u2019ICE offre \u00e0<br \/>\nses membres. <\/p>\n<p>Q : Une initiative importante pour <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019ICE au cours de l\u2019ann\u00e9e \u00e9coul\u00e9e <\/p>\n<p>a \u00e9t\u00e9 le Conseil du Pr\u00e9sident sur <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9, la diversit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusion <\/p>\n<p>(EDI). Pouvez-vous commenter le <\/p>\n<p>travail du Conseil et la culture EDI <\/p>\n<p>qui se d\u00e9veloppe \u00e0 l\u2019ICE gr\u00e2ce aux <\/p>\n<p>efforts du Conseil? <\/p>\n<p>Le Conseil a d\u00e9j\u00e0 commenc\u00e9 \u00e0<br \/>\nfournir des commentaires et des<br \/>\nrecommandations au Conseil<br \/>\nd\u2019administration sur nos politiques,<br \/>\nnos normes et m\u00eame la composition<br \/>\ndu Conseil lui-m\u00eame. Je peux dire que<br \/>\nnos d\u00e9cisions sont plus attentives \u00e0<br \/>\nl\u2019EDI que nous ne l\u2019\u00e9tions peut-\u00eatre<br \/>\nauparavant, ce qui t\u00e9moigne d\u2019une plus<br \/>\ngrande sensibilisation non seulement<br \/>\ndes membres de notre Conseil, mais<br \/>\naussi de notre personnel. Il y a du travail <\/p>\n<p>\u00e0 faire, mais nous en sommes encore<br \/>\naux premiers jours. Nous voulons que<br \/>\ndes stagiaires solides choisissent<br \/>\nnotre profession et le fait d\u2019avoir un<br \/>\nenvironnement qui c\u00e9l\u00e8bre l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9,<br \/>\nla diversit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusion, et qui donne<br \/>\n\u00e0 chacun la possibilit\u00e9 de s\u2019\u00e9panouir,<br \/>\ncontribuera \u00e0 en faire une r\u00e9alit\u00e9. <\/p>\n<p>Q : Pouvez-vous d\u00e9crire vos <\/p>\n<p>exp\u00e9riences g\u00e9n\u00e9rales de travail <\/p>\n<p>avec le Conseil d\u2019administration <\/p>\n<p>de l\u2019ICE, le personnel du bureau <\/p>\n<p>national et les membres?<\/p>\n<p>J\u2019ai \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s satisfait du haut niveau<br \/>\nd\u2019engagement de notre Conseil<br \/>\nd\u2019administration, de notre personnel<br \/>\net de nos membres au cours de<br \/>\nl\u2019ann\u00e9e \u00e9coul\u00e9e. Notre Conseil<br \/>\nd\u2019administration ne recule pas devant<br \/>\nles d\u00e9cisions difficiles et agit dans<br \/>\nle meilleur int\u00e9r\u00eat de nos membres.<br \/>\nJe l\u2019ai d\u00e9j\u00e0 dit, mais notre personnel<br \/>\na fait sienne notre cause. J\u2019ai eu le<br \/>\nplaisir de partager certaines des<br \/>\nvictoires qu\u2019ils ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 mener<br \/>\net \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser cette ann\u00e9e en termes<br \/>\nde d\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats et avec notre<br \/>\ngroupe de travail.    <\/p>\n<p>Q : Y a-t-il des souvenirs <\/p>\n<p>particuliers de l\u2019ann\u00e9e \u00e9coul\u00e9e qui <\/p>\n<p>ressortent dans votre esprit? <\/p>\n<p>J\u2019aime toutes les victoires&#8230; mais il <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 11Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LE COIN DE L\u2019EX\u00c9CUTIF<\/p>\n<p>Le b\u00e9n\u00e9volat \u00e0 l\u2019ICE est une exp\u00e9rience pr\u00e9cieuse, que ce soit au niveau<br \/>\nprovincial ou national, au sein d&rsquo;un comit\u00e9 ou dans un r\u00f4le de gouvernance.<br \/>\nJe recommande \u00e0 quiconque envisage de le faire d\u2019y aller.<\/p>\n<p>y en a une dont je n\u2019ai pas parl\u00e9, c\u2019est<br \/>\nla d\u00e9cision de miser gros sur notre<br \/>\npremi\u00e8re conf\u00e9rence virtuelle en 2021.<br \/>\nUne conf\u00e9rence virtuelle est tr\u00e8s<br \/>\ndiff\u00e9rente d\u2019une conf\u00e9rence en personne.<br \/>\nNous avions vu d\u2019autres conf\u00e9rences<br \/>\norganis\u00e9es via Zoom, mais nous<br \/>\nvoulions que l\u2019exp\u00e9rience ressemble<br \/>\nle plus possible \u00e0 une conf\u00e9rence en<br \/>\npersonne. Dire que l\u2019\u00e9quipe a r\u00e9ussi<br \/>\nest un euph\u00e9misme. Ils ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 une<br \/>\nplate-forme virtuelle qui ressemblait<br \/>\nbeaucoup \u00e0 une conf\u00e9rence en personne.<br \/>\nElle comportait des salles de r\u00e9union,<br \/>\ndes commanditaires, des kiosques de<br \/>\nfournisseurs et des salles de r\u00e9seautage.<br \/>\nLes membres ont totalement adh\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0<br \/>\nce que nous avions \u00e0 offrir pour notre<br \/>\ntoute premi\u00e8re conf\u00e9rence virtuelle.<br \/>\nNon seulement nous avons eu une<br \/>\nparticipation record, mais nous avons<br \/>\nattir\u00e9 de nombreux membres qui<br \/>\nassistaient \u00e0 une conf\u00e9rence pour la<br \/>\npremi\u00e8re fois.   <\/p>\n<p>Q : Comment les d\u00e9fis li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019exercice <\/p>\n<p>de votre r\u00f4le de pr\u00e9sident ont-ils <\/p>\n<p>affect\u00e9 votre carri\u00e8re \u00e0 plein temps? <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019exp\u00e9rience a \u00e9t\u00e9 positive. Dans mon<br \/>\nr\u00f4le quotidien dans l\u2019imp\u00f4t foncier, je<br \/>\npasse beaucoup de temps \u00e0 discuter des<br \/>\n\u00e9valuations fonci\u00e8res et des probl\u00e8mes<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation avec des \u00e9valuateurs de tout <\/p>\n<p>le pays. Le fait de servir en tant que<br \/>\npr\u00e9sident de l\u2019ICE m\u2019a permis de mieux<br \/>\n\u00e9couter et j\u2019ai transpos\u00e9 cela dans ma<br \/>\npratique de tous les jours.  <\/p>\n<p>Q : Recommanderiez-vous <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019exp\u00e9rience de servir en tant <\/p>\n<p>que pr\u00e9sident national \u00e0 d\u2019autres <\/p>\n<p>\u00e9valuateurs?  <\/p>\n<p>Le b\u00e9n\u00e9volat \u00e0 l\u2019ICE est une exp\u00e9rience<br \/>\npr\u00e9cieuse en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, que ce soit<br \/>\nau niveau provincial ou national, au<br \/>\nsein d\u2019un comit\u00e9 ou dans un r\u00f4le<br \/>\nde gouvernance. Je recommande \u00e0<br \/>\nquiconque envisage de le faire d\u2019y<br \/>\naller. En ce qui concerne le poste de<br \/>\npr\u00e9sident, je dirais que si vous avez<br \/>\nune bonne appr\u00e9ciation de ce que le<br \/>\nr\u00f4le implique et que vous vous portez<br \/>\ncandidat parce que vous voulez donner<br \/>\nquelque chose en retour, alors vous<br \/>\ntrouverez l\u2019exp\u00e9rience enrichissante<br \/>\net satisfaisante. <\/p>\n<p>Q : Quels conseils donneriez-vous <\/p>\n<p>aux pr\u00e9sidents entrants? <\/p>\n<p>Je pense que je pr\u00e9f\u00e9rerais m\u2019abstenir de<br \/>\ndonner des conseils, mais proposer plut\u00f4t<br \/>\nquelques observations. Tout d\u2019abord, il<br \/>\nexiste une \u00e9norme base de connaissances<br \/>\ndans la t\u00eate des membres du conseil<br \/>\nd\u2019administration et de notre personnel<br \/>\nnational. Avoir des discussions r\u00e9fl\u00e9chies<br \/>\nautour de la table est la meilleure fa\u00e7on<br \/>\nde s\u2019assurer que les meilleures id\u00e9es<br \/>\nsont pass\u00e9es au crible. Deuxi\u00e8mement,<br \/>\nl\u2019ann\u00e9e passera vite!   <\/p>\n<p>Q : Comment voyez-vous votre r\u00f4le <\/p>\n<p>de pr\u00e9sident sortant dans l\u2019ann\u00e9e <\/p>\n<p>qui vient? <\/p>\n<p>Ce que j\u2019ai appris, c\u2019est que les anciens<br \/>\npr\u00e9sidents donnent gracieusement<br \/>\nde leur temps et, je cite, \u00ab font tout<br \/>\nce que vous voulez que je fasse \u00bb.<br \/>\nJ\u2019ai l\u2019intention de perp\u00e9tuer cette<br \/>\nbelle tradition. <\/p>\n<p>Nous voulons que des stagiaires solides choisissent<br \/>\nnotre profession et le fait d&rsquo;avoir un environnement<br \/>\nqui c\u00e9l\u00e8bre l&rsquo;\u00e9quit\u00e9, la diversit\u00e9 et l&rsquo;inclusion, et<br \/>\nqui donne \u00e0 chacun la possibilit\u00e9 de s&rsquo;\u00e9panouir,<br \/>\ncontribuera \u00e0 en faire une r\u00e9alit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 12 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Forge your own<br \/>\npath to success<br \/>\nJoin CBRE\u2019s Valuation &#038; Advisory Services Team<\/p>\n<p>At CBRE, you are empowered to take your career where you want it to go.<br \/>\nEnjoy workplace flexibility with tremendous scale\u2014in an inclusive, collaborative<br \/>\nenvironment with supportive teammates. Work on an industry-leading national<br \/>\nteam that provides unmatched client service by leveraging best in class research,<br \/>\nsuperior technology and industry expertise.<\/p>\n<p>Paul Morassutti, AACI, MRICS<br \/>\nVice Chairman<br \/>\npaul.morassutti@cbre.com<br \/>\n+1 416 495 6235<\/p>\n<p>cbre.ca<\/p>\n<p>mailto:paul.morassutti@cbre.com<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/cbre.ca<\/p>\n<p>I worry that some myths about appraiser <\/p>\n<p>liability will never go away. These myths <\/p>\n<p>are repeated to the point that they are <\/p>\n<p>basically accepted as fact. Here, I have <\/p>\n<p>collected four of the most common <\/p>\n<p>myths concerning appraiser liability in an <\/p>\n<p>attempt to bust them once and for all. <\/p>\n<p>FACT<br \/>\nS<\/p>\n<p>Ficti<br \/>\non<\/p>\n<p>Vs<\/p>\n<p>DO NOT LET THESE <\/p>\n<p>FOUR APPRAISER<br \/>\nLIABILITY MYTHS<br \/>\nTRIP YOU UP <\/p>\n<p>BY PETER T. CHRISTENSEN<br \/>\nAdministrators &#038; Insurance Services\u2019 <\/p>\n<p>general counsel for LIA, the company <\/p>\n<p>that manages the Appraisal Institute\u2019s <\/p>\n<p>endorsed E&#038;O program for appraisers. <\/p>\n<p>\u00a92022 Reprinted with permission from  <\/p>\n<p>the Appraisal Institute, Chicago, Illinois.  <\/p>\n<p>All Rights Reserved. <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 14 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p> MYTH NO. 1<br \/>\nI do not have personal liability for my appraisals because<br \/>\nI organized my firm as a limited liability company. <\/p>\n<p>TRUTH:<br \/>\nWhile that sounds like a reasonable understanding of the<br \/>\nlegal protections that come from forming a limited liability<br \/>\nbusiness, the statement is incorrect. Operating a valuation<br \/>\nfirm as a limited liability company, an S-corporation or a<br \/>\nlimited liability partnership can be a smart business move. <\/p>\n<p>Selecting the right business form depends on individual<br \/>\npersonal and business circumstances, with each form<br \/>\npresenting advantages and disadvantages related<br \/>\nto taxation, retirement planning, outside investment<br \/>\nand financial liability. However, forming an LLC, an<br \/>\nS-corporation or an LLP does not insulate appraisers<br \/>\nfrom liability for claims about their own alleged<br \/>\nprofessional negligence. The appraiser carries the<br \/>\nlicense; therefore, the appraiser is personally responsible<br \/>\nfor the work and liable for professional errors. The firm<br \/>\nitself also has potential liability, but it is vicarious through<br \/>\nthe work of its staff, which is why it is common to see<br \/>\nboth the appraiser who performed the appraisal and<br \/>\nthe appraisal firm named as defendants in professional<br \/>\nnegligence lawsuits stemming from deficient appraisals.<br \/>\nThis hard truth does not mean appraisers should avoid<br \/>\norganizing their firms using limited liability business<br \/>\nforms. Choosing the right form can offer tax, retirement<br \/>\nand other benefits, as previously noted. Additionally, when<br \/>\nthere are multiple appraisers working in a single firm,<br \/>\na limited liability business form will serve to insulate<br \/>\nthe appraiser-owner against personal liability for the<br \/>\nprofessional negligence of another appraiser\u2019s work, as<br \/>\nwell as from other business liabilities. <\/p>\n<p> MYTH NO. 2<br \/>\nLenders require appraisers to carry E&#038;O insurance<br \/>\nbecause they routinely seek to hold appraisers<br \/>\nresponsible for loan losses. <\/p>\n<p>TRUTH:<br \/>\nA few lenders and servicers have experimented with<br \/>\nsystematically suing appraisers over loan losses, but<br \/>\nthey failed in their efforts and discovered it is not a good<br \/>\nbusiness plan. The most spectacular failed experiment<br \/>\nwas backed by Impac Mortgage Holdings, which<br \/>\nauthorized third-party collectors like Llano Financing <\/p>\n<p>DO NOT LET THESE <\/p>\n<p>FOUR APPRAISER<br \/>\nLIABILITY MYTHS<br \/>\nTRIP YOU UP <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 15Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Group to sue more than 500 appraisers between 2014<br \/>\nand 2016. The fact is, lenders only account for about 30%<br \/>\nof claims filed against appraisers. Lenders typically do not<br \/>\nsue appraisers to make up for loan losses; they sue when<br \/>\nthey believe an appraiser\u2019s negligence was particularly<br \/>\negregious and clearly caused a loss. Therefore,<br \/>\nappraisers who perform residential and commercial<br \/>\nappraisals for lenders mainly have E&#038;O insurance to<br \/>\nprotect against claims filed by aggrieved borrowers<br \/>\nand property purchasers, who account for 60-65% of<br \/>\ncurrent claims. <\/p>\n<p> MYTH NO. 3<br \/>\nThe only appraisers who get sued are those performing<br \/>\nappraisals for mortgage lending. <\/p>\n<p>TRUTH:<br \/>\nThe origin of this myth most likely correlates with the<br \/>\nsignificant amount of valuation work performed for<br \/>\nlending purposes \u2014 the more lending work, the greater <\/p>\n<p>the liability risk, the thinking goes. However, 20-plus years<br \/>\nof appraiser claim records in LIA\u2019s insurance program<br \/>\ndisproves this myth. Expert witness work, tax work, estate<br \/>\nwork and arbitration work all produce liability claims<br \/>\nagainst appraisers. In one case, an appraiser serving as an<br \/>\nexpert was sued by his client because the client\u2019s win was<br \/>\nnot financially rewarding enough. The client claimed in a<br \/>\nsubsequent professional liability lawsuit that the appraiser<br \/>\nwas not suitably persuasive as a testifying expert. Appraisers<br \/>\nshould recognize there is potential liability risk for non-<br \/>\nlending work because failing to do so actually increases<br \/>\ntheir risk. <\/p>\n<p> MYTH NO. 4<br \/>\nLiability risk for appraisers is out of control. <\/p>\n<p>TRUTH:<br \/>\nSome appraisers see potential liability risk at every turn,<br \/>\nbut the reality is that lenders and mortgage investors sue<br \/>\nappraisers in small numbers \u2014 even at the height of the most<br \/>\nrecent recession and mortgage crisis. For the<br \/>\nmost part, lenders and investors eat their losses or sue each<br \/>\nother. There also are appraisers who believe that valuation<br \/>\nwork for litigation purposes must be filled with liability<br \/>\nrisk \u2014 a line of thought not unlike those who believe lending<br \/>\nwork results in copious claims. For example, appraisers<br \/>\nwho perform appraisals for condemnation cases may have<br \/>\nliability fears rooted in a belief that they will be sued if<br \/>\nthey serve as an expert witness for a government agency<br \/>\nand the property owner whose land is being condemned is<br \/>\nunhappy with the valuation. While these lawsuits happen<br \/>\n\u2014 and appraisers are right to exercise caution and protect<br \/>\nthemselves \u2014 the reality is that these types of claims are<br \/>\nnot and never have been out of control. Are some appraisal<br \/>\nassignments riskier than others? Certainly. <\/p>\n<p>There are three areas that generate an inordinate number<br \/>\nof claims (relative to the volume of assignments): <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Appraisals used in offering statements, sales<br \/>\ndocuments or prospectuses for equity investments in<br \/>\nthe subject property. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Appraisals used to support federal income tax deductions<br \/>\nfor conservation and building fa\u00e7ade easements. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 The reporting of construction progress by appraisers for<br \/>\npurposes of construction loan disbursements. <\/p>\n<p>If you work in any of these three areas, take heed and know<br \/>\nyour risks. However, overall liability risk for appraisers is<br \/>\nmanageable, and liability fears should not discourage you<br \/>\nfrom taking an assignment for which you are qualified. <\/p>\n<p>We\u2019re hiring!<\/p>\n<p>G R E AT E R  VA N C O U V E R ,  G R E AT E R  V I C T O R I A ,<br \/>\nO K A N A G A N ,  P E A C E  R E G I O N  A N D  A L B E R TA<\/p>\n<p>We need more boots on the ground.<br \/>\nNow hiring Appraisers, Appraisal Inspectors <\/p>\n<p>and Report Writers. Apply now.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 16 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"giutDknRzP\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/lawrensonwalker.com\/\">Home Page<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Home Page&#8221; &#8212; Lawrenson Walker - Real Estate Appraisers\" src=\"https:\/\/lawrensonwalker.com\/embed\/#?secret=HG9NbmPhOP#?secret=giutDknRzP\" data-secret=\"giutDknRzP\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Je suis inquiet de voir que certains mythes sur la <\/p>\n<p>responsabilit\u00e9 des \u00e9valuateurs ne dispara\u00eetront <\/p>\n<p>peut-\u00eatre jamais. Ces mythes sont r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e0 tel <\/p>\n<p>point qu\u2019ils sont fondamentalement accept\u00e9s <\/p>\n<p>comme des faits. J\u2019ai rassembl\u00e9 ici quatre <\/p>\n<p>des mythes les plus courants concernant la <\/p>\n<p>responsabilit\u00e9 des \u00e9valuateurs afin de tenter de <\/p>\n<p>les d\u00e9truire une fois pour toutes.  <\/p>\n<p>FAIT<br \/>\nS<\/p>\n<p>Ficti<br \/>\non<\/p>\n<p>cont<br \/>\nre<\/p>\n<p>NE LAISSEZ PAS <\/p>\n<p>CES QUATRE MYTHES<br \/>\nSUR LA RESPONSABILIT\u00c9<br \/>\nDES \u00c9VALUATEURS<br \/>\nVOUS FAIRE TR\u00c9BUCHER <\/p>\n<p>PAR PETER T. CHRISTENSEN<br \/>\navocat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Administrators <\/p>\n<p>&#038; Insurance Services pour LIA, la <\/p>\n<p>soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui g\u00e8re le programme E&#038;O <\/p>\n<p>approuv\u00e9 pour les \u00e9valuateurs par <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019Appraisal Institute. <\/p>\n<p>R\u00e9imprim\u00e9 avec la permission de <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019Appraisal Institute des \u00c9tats-Unis<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 17Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>et des inconv\u00e9nients li\u00e9s \u00e0 la fiscalit\u00e9, \u00e0 la planification<br \/>\nde la retraite, aux investissements ext\u00e9rieurs et \u00e0 la<br \/>\nresponsabilit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re. Cependant, la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019une<br \/>\nSARL, d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 S ou d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9<br \/>\nlimit\u00e9e ne prot\u00e8ge pas les \u00e9valuateurs de la responsabilit\u00e9<br \/>\ndes r\u00e9clamations concernant leur propre n\u00e9gligence<br \/>\nprofessionnelle pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e. C\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9valuateur qui d\u00e9tient<br \/>\nla licence; par cons\u00e9quent, il est personnellement<br \/>\nresponsable du travail et peut \u00eatre tenu responsable<br \/>\ndes erreurs professionnelles. Le cabinet lui-m\u00eame a<br \/>\n\u00e9galement une responsabilit\u00e9 potentielle, mais elle est<br \/>\nindirecte par le biais du travail de son personnel, ce qui<br \/>\nexplique pourquoi il est courant de voir l\u2019\u00e9valuateur qui a<br \/>\neffectu\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9valuation et le cabinet d\u2019\u00e9valuation d\u00e9sign\u00e9s<br \/>\ncomme d\u00e9fendeurs dans des proc\u00e8s pour n\u00e9gligence<br \/>\nprofessionnelle d\u00e9coulant d\u2019\u00e9valuations d\u00e9ficientes. Cette<br \/>\ndure v\u00e9rit\u00e9 ne signifie pas que les \u00e9valuateurs doivent<br \/>\n\u00e9viter d\u2019organiser leur soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en utilisant des formes<br \/>\nd\u2019entreprise \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e. Le choix de la bonne<br \/>\nforme peut offrir des avantages fiscaux, de retraite et<br \/>\nautres, comme indiqu\u00e9 pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment. De plus, lorsque<br \/>\nplusieurs \u00e9valuateurs travaillent au sein d\u2019une m\u00eame<br \/>\nentreprise, une forme d\u2019entreprise \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9<br \/>\nlimit\u00e9e servira \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger l\u2019\u00e9valuateur-propri\u00e9taire contre<br \/>\ntoute responsabilit\u00e9 personnelle pour la n\u00e9gligence<br \/>\nprofessionnelle du travail d\u2019un autre \u00e9valuateur, ainsi que<br \/>\ncontre d\u2019autres responsabilit\u00e9s commerciales. <\/p>\n<p> MYTHE NO 2<br \/>\nLes pr\u00eateurs exigent que les \u00e9valuateurs souscrivent une<br \/>\nassurance erreurs et omissions parce qu\u2019ils cherchent<br \/>\nr\u00e9guli\u00e8rement \u00e0 tenir les \u00e9valuateurs responsables des<br \/>\npertes sur pr\u00eats.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00c9RIT\u00c9 :<br \/>\nQuelques pr\u00eateurs et fournisseurs de services ont essay\u00e9<br \/>\nde poursuivre syst\u00e9matiquement les \u00e9valuateurs pour<br \/>\nles pertes sur pr\u00eats, mais ils ont \u00e9chou\u00e9 dans leurs<br \/>\nefforts et ont d\u00e9couvert que ce n\u2019\u00e9tait pas un bon plan<br \/>\nd\u2019affaires. L\u2019exp\u00e9rience rat\u00e9e la plus spectaculaire a \u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\nsoutenue par Impac Mortgage Holdings, qui a autoris\u00e9<br \/>\ndes collecteurs tiers comme Llano Financing Group \u00e0 <\/p>\n<p> MYTHE NO 1<br \/>\nJe n\u2019ai pas de responsabilit\u00e9 personnelle pour mes<br \/>\n\u00e9valuations parce que j\u2019ai organis\u00e9 mon entreprise<br \/>\ncomme une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00c9RIT\u00c9 :<br \/>\nBien que cela semble \u00eatre une compr\u00e9hension<br \/>\nraisonnable des protections juridiques qui d\u00e9coulent de la<br \/>\ncr\u00e9ation d\u2019une entreprise \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e, cette<br \/>\naffirmation est incorrecte. L\u2019exploitation d\u2019un cabinet<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation sous la forme d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9<br \/>\nlimit\u00e9e, d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 S ou d\u2019un partenariat \u00e0<br \/>\nresponsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e peut \u00eatre une d\u00e9cision commerciale<br \/>\nintelligente. Le choix de la bonne forme d\u2019entreprise<br \/>\nd\u00e9pend des circonstances personnelles et commerciales<br \/>\nindividuelles, chaque forme pr\u00e9sentant des avantages <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 18 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>poursuivre plus de 500 \u00e9valuateurs entre 2014 et 2016.<br \/>\nLe fait est que les pr\u00eateurs ne repr\u00e9sentent qu\u2019environ<br \/>\n30 % des r\u00e9clamations d\u00e9pos\u00e9es contre les \u00e9valuateurs.<br \/>\nEn g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les pr\u00eateurs ne poursuivent pas les \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\npour compenser les pertes de pr\u00eats; ils intentent des<br \/>\npoursuites lorsqu\u2019ils estiment que la n\u00e9gligence d\u2019un<br \/>\n\u00e9valuateur \u00e9tait particuli\u00e8rement flagrante et a clairement<br \/>\ncaus\u00e9 une perte. Par cons\u00e9quent, les \u00e9valuateurs qui<br \/>\neffectuent des \u00e9valuations r\u00e9sidentielles et commerciales<br \/>\npour les pr\u00eateurs ont principalement une assurance<br \/>\nerreurs et omissions pour se prot\u00e9ger contre les<br \/>\nr\u00e9clamations d\u00e9pos\u00e9es par les emprunteurs et les<br \/>\nacheteurs de biens immobiliers l\u00e9s\u00e9s, qui repr\u00e9sentent<br \/>\n60 \u00e0 65 % des r\u00e9clamations actuelles. <\/p>\n<p> MYTHE NO 3<br \/>\nLes seuls \u00e9valuateurs qui sont poursuivis sont ceux qui<br \/>\neffectuent des \u00e9valuations pour des pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires.   <\/p>\n<p>V\u00c9RIT\u00c9 :<br \/>\nL\u2019origine de ce mythe est tr\u00e8s probablement li\u00e9e \u00e0 la<br \/>\nquantit\u00e9 importante de travaux d\u2019\u00e9valuation effectu\u00e9s<br \/>\n\u00e0 des fins de pr\u00eat &#8211; plus il y a de travaux de pr\u00eat, plus le<br \/>\nrisque de responsabilit\u00e9 est \u00e9lev\u00e9, dit-on. Cependant, plus<br \/>\nde 20 ans de dossiers de r\u00e9clamation des \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\ndans le programme d\u2019assurance de LIA r\u00e9futent ce mythe.<br \/>\nLe travail de t\u00e9moin expert, le travail fiscal, le travail de<br \/>\nsuccession et le travail d\u2019arbitrage produisent tous des<br \/>\nr\u00e9clamations de responsabilit\u00e9 contre les \u00e9valuateurs.<br \/>\nDans un cas, un \u00e9valuateur agissant \u00e0 titre d\u2019expert a<br \/>\n\u00e9t\u00e9 poursuivi par son client parce que la victoire de ce<br \/>\ndernier n\u2019\u00e9tait pas assez gratifiante financi\u00e8rement.<br \/>\nLe client a affirm\u00e9 dans un proc\u00e8s ult\u00e9rieur en<br \/>\nresponsabilit\u00e9 professionnelle que l\u2019\u00e9valuateur n\u2019\u00e9tait<br \/>\npas suffisamment persuasif en tant qu\u2019expert t\u00e9moignant.<br \/>\nLes \u00e9valuateurs doivent reconna\u00eetre qu\u2019il existe un risque<br \/>\npotentiel de responsabilit\u00e9 pour le travail hors pr\u00eat,<br \/>\ncar ne pas le faire augmente en fait leur risque.   <\/p>\n<p> MYTHE NO 4<br \/>\nLe risque de responsabilit\u00e9 des \u00e9valuateurs est<br \/>\nhors de contr\u00f4le.  <\/p>\n<p>V\u00c9RIT\u00c9 :<br \/>\nCertains \u00e9valuateurs voient un risque potentiel de responsabilit\u00e9<br \/>\n\u00e0 chaque tournant, mais la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est que les pr\u00eateurs et les<br \/>\ninvestisseurs hypoth\u00e9caires poursuivent les \u00e9valuateurs en<br \/>\npetit nombre &#8211; m\u00eame au plus fort de la plus r\u00e9cente r\u00e9cession<br \/>\net crise hypoth\u00e9caire. Dans la plupart des cas, les pr\u00eateurs<br \/>\net les investisseurs absorbent leurs pertes ou se poursuivent<br \/>\nentre eux. Il y a \u00e9galement des \u00e9valuateurs qui pensent que le<br \/>\ntravail d\u2019\u00e9valuation \u00e0 des fins de litige doit comporter un risque<br \/>\nde responsabilit\u00e9 &#8211; un raisonnement qui n\u2019est pas sans rappeler<br \/>\ncelui de ceux qui pensent que le travail de pr\u00eat entra\u00eene de<br \/>\nnombreuses r\u00e9clamations. Par exemple, les \u00e9valuateurs qui<br \/>\neffectuent des \u00e9valuations pour des cas de condamnation peuvent<br \/>\navoir des craintes de responsabilit\u00e9 ancr\u00e9es dans la croyance qu\u2019ils<br \/>\nseront poursuivis s\u2019ils servent de t\u00e9moin expert pour une agence<br \/>\ngouvernementale et que le propri\u00e9taire dont le terrain est condamn\u00e9<br \/>\nest m\u00e9content de l\u2019\u00e9valuation. Bien que ces poursuites se produisent<br \/>\n&#8211; et les \u00e9valuateurs ont raison de faire preuve de prudence et de se<br \/>\nprot\u00e9ger &#8211; la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est que ces types de r\u00e9clamations ne sont pas<br \/>\net n\u2019ont jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 hors de contr\u00f4le. Certains contrats de service<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation sont-ils plus risqu\u00e9s que d\u2019autres? Certainement.  <\/p>\n<p>Il existe trois domaines qui g\u00e9n\u00e8rent un nombre d\u00e9mesur\u00e9<br \/>\nde r\u00e9clamations (par rapport au volume de contrats de<br \/>\nservices qu\u2019il repr\u00e9sente) :  <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Les \u00e9valuations utilis\u00e9es dans les d\u00e9clarations d\u2019offre,<br \/>\nles documents de vente ou les prospectus pour les<br \/>\ninvestissements en actions dans la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Les \u00e9valuations utilis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019appui des d\u00e9ductions fiscales<br \/>\nf\u00e9d\u00e9rales pour les servitudes de conservation et de<br \/>\nfa\u00e7ade de b\u00e2timents. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 La d\u00e9claration de l\u2019avancement des travaux de<br \/>\nconstruction par les \u00e9valuateurs aux fins des<br \/>\nd\u00e9boursements de pr\u00eats \u00e0 la construction. <\/p>\n<p>Si vous travaillez dans l\u2019un de ces trois domaines, prenez garde<br \/>\net connaissez vos risques. Cependant, le risque global de<br \/>\nresponsabilit\u00e9 pour les \u00e9valuateurs est g\u00e9rable, et les craintes<br \/>\nen mati\u00e8re de responsabilit\u00e9 ne devraient pas vous d\u00e9courager<br \/>\nd\u2019accepter un contrat de service pour lequel vous \u00eates qualifi\u00e9. <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 19Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Introduction<br \/>\nThis article is not about how to calculate an<br \/>\noverall capitalization rate (OCR), but rather<br \/>\nhow to \u2018adjust\u2019 for an OCR range when there<br \/>\nis a considerable spread in the \u2018going in\u2019 OCRs<br \/>\nderived from a series of comparable sales.<br \/>\nEven though the valuer has researched the<br \/>\nsales thoroughly, often there is no reasonable<br \/>\nexplanation as to why one property has a<br \/>\nhigher or lower OCR than others.  <\/p>\n<p>Sometimes, the answer is clear in that<br \/>\na specific income property had a low OCR<br \/>\nbecause the rents were coming due and<br \/>\nthere is an obvious \u2018upswing\u2019 in the income.<br \/>\nIn this case, the buyer is prepared to pay a<br \/>\npremium for the property to secure those<br \/>\nfuture rents. Perhaps there is a change<br \/>\nin the economy, such as rising interest<br \/>\nrates which, in turn, put more risk onto the<br \/>\ninvestment. The buyer wants compensation<br \/>\nfor this fact by offering a price that is<br \/>\ncommensurate with a higher OCR.  <\/p>\n<p>Perhaps the expenses of a given property<br \/>\nthat are used to generate the OCR are<br \/>\nnot deemed reliable because there is<br \/>\ntoo much variation in them. A case in<br \/>\npoint involves trailer parks and marinas.<br \/>\nExpenses can vary immensely, even<br \/>\nthough the sizes of the marinas and<br \/>\ncampgrounds are similar. This means<br \/>\nthat the spread of the OCRs can be wide.<\/p>\n<p>If there is no reasonable explanation<br \/>\nfor the differences in the OCRs of the<br \/>\ncomparables, the valuer has to choose<br \/>\nwhich rate(s) are the best for the property<br \/>\nunder appraisal. To aid the valuer with<br \/>\nthis adjustment process, there are<br \/>\nstatistical tools that are designed to deal<br \/>\nwith differences. The formula that we are<br \/>\ngoing to use is outlined as follows:<\/p>\n<p>\u2211 CFi    \u2013   CF)2  Pi<br \/>\ni=1<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nSD  =<\/p>\n<p>By George Canning, AACI, P. App.,  <\/p>\n<p>Canning Consultants Inc., London, ON<\/p>\n<p>Using probability<br \/>\ndistribution and variance <\/p>\n<p>to select the best overall<br \/>\ncapitalization rate of a property<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 21Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>The target is SD (standard deviation),<br \/>\nwhich is the distance around the mean.<br \/>\nThe CF with a subscript i are the OCRs<br \/>\nfrom the sales. The CF is the mean of<br \/>\nthe OCRs from the sales. We have to<br \/>\nsquare the difference between the list of<br \/>\nthe OCRs and the mean to eliminate any<br \/>\nnegative numbers. The P with a subscript<br \/>\ni is the probability of the likelihood that<br \/>\neach OCR of the sales is the same for the<br \/>\nsubject property. All probabilities will add<br \/>\nup to 100%. The square root of the total<br \/>\nsum of all variances and probabilities<br \/>\nis then applied +- to the CF or mean of<br \/>\nall the OCRs to arrive at the OCR for the<br \/>\nsubject property.<\/p>\n<p>If this sounds confusing, the following<br \/>\nillustrative example will make it all clear.<br \/>\nIt is a great tool to use in appraisal reports.<\/p>\n<p>Example of dealing with<br \/>\na wide array of OCRs<br \/>\nIf you have a series of OCRs from sales<br \/>\nand these rates could fit the subject<br \/>\nproperty, then this is known as a<br \/>\nProbability Distribution. If you have an<br \/>\nOCR range of 5.25%, 6.1%, 6.5% 7.0%,<br \/>\nand 7.25%, it is known as a Discrete<br \/>\nProbability Distribution because the<br \/>\npossible outcomes are limited to the<br \/>\nspecific point estimates that are already<br \/>\nestablished (i.e., 5.2% to 7.25%). In other<br \/>\nwords, the OCR selected for the subject <\/p>\n<p>property is a derivative of the data range.<br \/>\nThey are not continuous.<\/p>\n<p>To solve for the subject property\u2019s<br \/>\nbest OCR, all that is needed is to apply<br \/>\nvariance to the problem and some<br \/>\nprobability. Variance is nothing more<br \/>\nthan the weighted average of the squared<br \/>\ndifferences between each possible<br \/>\noutcome and the expected outcome.<br \/>\nHowever, we need to apply standard<br \/>\ndeviation, which is the square root of the<br \/>\nvariance, because it provides a more<br \/>\nuseable measure of dispersion.  <\/p>\n<p>We searched our data basis and found<br \/>\nthat the best sales had an OCR between<br \/>\n5.25% and 7.25%. However, we know<br \/>\nthat the OCR for the subject property is<br \/>\nnot absolute in the sense that it is not<br \/>\ngoing to match perfectly with one or two<br \/>\nof the rates from the comparable sales.<br \/>\nHowever, the sales are our best evidence<br \/>\nof an OCR for the subject property \u2018going<br \/>\ninto\u2019 the analysis. <\/p>\n<p>We can smooth out the OCR from the<br \/>\nsales by creating a more standard range.<br \/>\nWe created a range between 5.0% and<br \/>\n7.50% using a 0.50% increment. A half a<br \/>\npoint of a capitalization rate is not going<br \/>\nto be a significant difference in the end.<br \/>\nHowever, if the valuer feels that might be<br \/>\nan issue, then the rates should be broken<br \/>\ndown using a 0.25% difference. Our new<br \/>\nOCR range is shown in Table 1\u2019s Column A.<\/p>\n<p>The average of the OCR that we<br \/>\ncreated is 6.25%. It is shown in Column B.<br \/>\nThat is our only estimate of an OCR<br \/>\ngiven our data set. We know that it is<br \/>\nnot perfect and we then have to \u2018adjust\u2019<br \/>\nthe OCRs in the data set to modify the<br \/>\nselected average (6.25%). We can do<br \/>\nthat by putting the data into an Excel<br \/>\nspreadsheet and breaking down the<br \/>\nformula for variance. <\/p>\n<p>Column C is the difference between<br \/>\nour array of OCRs and our selected \u2018best<br \/>\nguess\u2019 in terms of the targeted OCR for<br \/>\nthe subject property at this point in<br \/>\nthe analysis.<\/p>\n<p>Column D is the squaring of the<br \/>\nnumbers in Column C to eliminate all the<br \/>\nnegative values of the difference between<br \/>\nthe OCR range and our best targeted OCR<br \/>\nfor the subject property.  <\/p>\n<p>Column E is where the valuer starts<br \/>\nto \u2018adjust\u2019 the \u2018going in rates\u2019 of 5.0%<br \/>\nto 7.5%. In other words, what is the<br \/>\nprobability of the subject property<br \/>\nachieving an OCR of 5.0%, 5.50%, etc?<br \/>\nThe immediate response is: \u201cHow am I<br \/>\nsupposed to know that?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>It is here that the valuer brings his or<br \/>\nher knowledge of the marketplace and<br \/>\nan understanding of why OCRs differ per<br \/>\nproperty type. We should point out that<br \/>\nthe probability Column E tends to force<br \/>\nthe valuer to think about the relationship <\/p>\n<p>Table 1<\/p>\n<p>COLUMN A COLUMN B  COLUMN C COLUMN D COLUMN E COLUMN D<\/p>\n<p>Array of<br \/>\npossible cap <\/p>\n<p>rate outcomes<\/p>\n<p>The expected<br \/>\noverall rate<\/p>\n<p>Difference<br \/>\nbetween col A <\/p>\n<p>and col B<\/p>\n<p>Squaring to<br \/>\nremove neg <\/p>\n<p>signs<\/p>\n<p>Applying the<br \/>\nprobability of <\/p>\n<p>col A<\/p>\n<p>Total variance of each<br \/>\ncomputation col D x col E<\/p>\n<p>5.0% 6.25% -1.25% 1.56% 0.05% 0.078<\/p>\n<p>5.50% 6.25% -0.75% 0.56% 0.05% 0.028<\/p>\n<p>6.0% 6.25% -0.25% 0.06% 0.40% 0.025<\/p>\n<p>6.50% 6.25% +0.25% 0.06% 0.25% 0.016<\/p>\n<p>7.0% 6.25% +0.75% 0.56% 0.20% 0.113<\/p>\n<p>7.5% 6.25% +1.25% 1.56% 0.05% 0.078<\/p>\n<p>Total 100% 0.34<br \/>\nSum of all variance<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 22 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>of the possible choices of an OCR in<br \/>\nColumn A, relative to the subject property.<br \/>\nIt is an unforgiving moment, because<br \/>\nthere needs to be a balance between<br \/>\nrationalization and probability.  <\/p>\n<p>Column D is the product of all the<br \/>\nprobabilities against the variance between<br \/>\nthe targeted or best guess average OCR and<br \/>\nthe possible number of OCRs that could fit<br \/>\nthe subject property. The actual sum of all<br \/>\nthe variances is quite meaningless, so one<br \/>\nneeds to take the square foot of that number.<br \/>\nDoing so is just calculating the standard<br \/>\ndeviation of the total sum of the variance.<br \/>\nIt is nothing more than a yardstick to<br \/>\nmeasure the distance around our targeted<br \/>\nOCR of the subject property (6.25%). We<br \/>\nknow that the 6.25% is not the correct OCR,<br \/>\nbut it is our best guess. The decision-making<br \/>\nprocess of trying to validate the OCR for the<br \/>\nsubject property through variance will lead<br \/>\nus to a range of OCRs in which the subject<br \/>\nproperty should fall.  <\/p>\n<p>The square root of the total variance<br \/>\n(0.34) is 0.58%. This would be 1 standard<br \/>\ndeviation. Therefore, the OCR of the subject<br \/>\nproperty is going to be 6.25% +- 0.58%<br \/>\nor 5.67% to 6.83%. This latter range is<br \/>\nsignificantly better than the starting point.<\/p>\n<p>In our example, the average of 6.25%<br \/>\nwas the best fit of the array of sales.<br \/>\nThere was no mode or median that<br \/>\nwe could consider. Depending upon<br \/>\nthe shape of the OCRs \u2018going into\u2019 the<br \/>\nanalysis, perhaps the mode or median<br \/>\nwould be the better choice? One could<br \/>\nalso use a weighted mean by simply<br \/>\ndoing the SUM FUNCTION in Excel.<br \/>\nTable 2 is an example of this.<\/p>\n<p>The cap rates in Table 2 are the same<br \/>\nas those used in the original example of<br \/>\ndealing with variance.<br \/>\nThe weight column is simply the % of<br \/>\neach capitalization rate of the total sum,<br \/>\ne.g., 5%\/37.5. The amount of the weight<br \/>\nis totaled to represent 100%.<\/p>\n<p>The typical average of the<br \/>\ncapitalization rates is shown in blue at<br \/>\n6.25%. However, the weighted average<br \/>\nin red is calculated differently by using<br \/>\nthe SUM FUNCTION in Excel. This new<br \/>\nweighted average is 6.37%. If we use<br \/>\nthe weighted average as opposed to the<br \/>\nmean average, the OCR of the subject<br \/>\nproperty would be 5.8% to 6.9%. It is not<br \/>\nmuch different from our original range.<br \/>\nHowever, that could change depending<br \/>\nupon the situation.  <\/p>\n<p>The advantages of using variance and<br \/>\nprobability as a source to determine an<br \/>\nOCR of a given property is as follows:<\/p>\n<p>1. It helps to remove some of the<br \/>\ndifferences of the OCRs \u2018going into\u2019<br \/>\nthe analysis, particularly if the<br \/>\nmarket rates are wide for<br \/>\nunknown reasons.<\/p>\n<p>2. It forces the valuer to reflect upon<br \/>\nwhat is the meaning behind specific<br \/>\ncapitalization rates. OCRs are more<br \/>\nthan numbers. Each one should<br \/>\naccount for compensation for a<br \/>\nrisk-free liquid investment, risk<br \/>\nitself, the changes of illiquidity,<br \/>\nmanagement, and some provision<br \/>\nfor appreciation. They represent<br \/>\na collective consciousness of<br \/>\nvarious buyers who have purchased<br \/>\nsimilar, but not identical properties<br \/>\nto that of the subject property.<br \/>\nThey were prepared to accept a<br \/>\ngiven rate of return on and of that<br \/>\ninvestment at a moment in time.<br \/>\nWas the OCR a reflection of the<br \/>\nfact that there is little real estate<br \/>\nproduct on the marketplace?<br \/>\nPerhaps the buyer felt that the<br \/>\nOCR was reasonable because the<br \/>\nproperty is near to other properties<br \/>\nthat he or she owns? Perhaps the<br \/>\nrate was acceptable because the<br \/>\nprobability of the tenants paying the<br \/>\nrent each month was very good and,<br \/>\ntherefore, the future income was<br \/>\nsomewhat guaranteed?<\/p>\n<p>Conclusion<br \/>\nVariance and probability are all about<br \/>\nexploring your data. That is the function<br \/>\nof all valuers: to explain the differences<br \/>\nin real estate whether that be within the<br \/>\nDirect Comparison Approach, GIMs,<br \/>\nor OCRs. So why not use some statistics<br \/>\nto help you along the way? <\/p>\n<p>Table 2<\/p>\n<p>CAP RATES WEIGHT<\/p>\n<p>5 13.00 average 6.25<\/p>\n<p>5.5 15.00 weighted average 6.37<\/p>\n<p>6 16.00<\/p>\n<p>6.5 17.00<\/p>\n<p>7 19.00<\/p>\n<p>7.5 20.00<\/p>\n<p>SUM 37.5 100.00<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 23Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Par George Canning, AACI, P. App., <\/p>\n<p>Canning Consultants Inc., London (ON)<\/p>\n<p>Introduction<br \/>\nCet article ne traite pas de la fa\u00e7on de<br \/>\ncalculer un taux de capitalisation global<br \/>\n(TCG), mais plut\u00f4t de la fa\u00e7on d\u2019ajuster<br \/>\nune fourchette de TCG lorsqu\u2019il existe un<br \/>\n\u00e9cart consid\u00e9rable entre les TCG initiaux<br \/>\nd\u00e9riv\u00e9s d\u2019une s\u00e9rie de ventes comparables.<br \/>\nM\u00eame si l\u2019\u00e9valuateur a fait des recherches<br \/>\napprofondies sur les ventes, il n\u2019y a souvent<br \/>\naucune explication raisonnable quant \u00e0 la<br \/>\nraison pour laquelle une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 a un TCG<br \/>\nplus \u00e9lev\u00e9 ou plus bas que les autres.  <\/p>\n<p>Parfois, la r\u00e9ponse est claire : un<br \/>\nimmeuble \u00e0 revenus sp\u00e9cifique a un<br \/>\nTCG bas parce que les loyers arrivent<br \/>\n\u00e0 \u00e9ch\u00e9ance et qu\u2019il y a une \u00ab hausse \u00bb<br \/>\n\u00e9vidente des revenus. Dans ce cas,<br \/>\nl\u2019acheteur est pr\u00eat \u00e0 payer une prime pour<br \/>\nla propri\u00e9t\u00e9 afin de garantir ces futurs<br \/>\nloyers. Il se peut qu\u2019il y ait un changement<br \/>\ndans l\u2019\u00e9conomie, comme une hausse des<br \/>\ntaux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat qui, \u00e0 son tour, fait peser<br \/>\nplus de risques sur l\u2019investissement.<br \/>\nL\u2019acheteur veut compenser ce fait en <\/p>\n<p>offrant un prix qui correspond \u00e0 un TCG<br \/>\nplus \u00e9lev\u00e9. Peut-\u00eatre que les d\u00e9penses<br \/>\nd\u2019une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 donn\u00e9e qui sont utilis\u00e9es<br \/>\npour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer le TCG ne sont pas jug\u00e9es<br \/>\nfiables parce qu\u2019elles pr\u00e9sentent trop de<br \/>\nvariations. Les parcs \u00e0 caravanes et les<br \/>\nmarinas en sont un bon exemple. Les<br \/>\nd\u00e9penses peuvent varier \u00e9norm\u00e9ment,<br \/>\nm\u00eame si les tailles des marinas et des<br \/>\ncampings sont similaires. Cela signifie que<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9cart des TCG peut \u00eatre important.<\/p>\n<p>S\u2019il n\u2019y a pas d\u2019explication raisonnable<br \/>\naux diff\u00e9rences entre les TCG des<br \/>\ncomparables, l\u2019\u00e9valuateur doit choisir le ou<br \/>\nles taux qui sont les meilleurs pour le bien<br \/>\n\u00e0 \u00e9valuer. Pour aider l\u2019\u00e9valuateur dans ce<br \/>\nprocessus d\u2019ajustement, il existe des outils<br \/>\nstatistiques qui sont con\u00e7us pour traiter<br \/>\nles diff\u00e9rences. La formule que nous allons<br \/>\nutiliser est d\u00e9crite comme suit : <\/p>\n<p>\u2211 CFi    \u2013   CF)2  Pi<br \/>\ni=1<\/p>\n<p>n<br \/>\nSD  =<\/p>\n<p>Utiliser la distribution<br \/>\nde probabilit\u00e9 et la variance <\/p>\n<p>pour s\u00e9lectionner le meilleur taux<br \/>\nde capitalisation global d&rsquo;une propri\u00e9t\u00e9<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 25Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>The target is SD (sLa cible est SD<br \/>\n(standard deviation\/\u00e9cart-type), qui est<br \/>\nla distance autour de la moyenne. Les<br \/>\nvaleurs CF avec un indice i sont les TCG<br \/>\ndes ventes. La valeur CF est la moyenne<br \/>\ndes TCG des ventes. Nous devons \u00e9lever<br \/>\nau carr\u00e9 la diff\u00e9rence entre la liste des<br \/>\nTCG et la moyenne pour \u00e9liminer tout<br \/>\nnombre n\u00e9gatif. La valeur P avec un<br \/>\nindice i est la probabilit\u00e9 que chaque TCG<br \/>\ndes ventes soit le m\u00eame pour la propri\u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\nconcern\u00e9e. La somme de toutes les<br \/>\nprobabilit\u00e9s sera \u00e9gale \u00e0 100 %. La racine<br \/>\ncarr\u00e9e de la somme totale de toutes les<br \/>\nvariances et probabilit\u00e9s est ensuite<br \/>\nappliqu\u00e9e +- \u00e0 la FC ou \u00e0 la moyenne de<br \/>\ntous les TCG pour obtenir le TCG de la<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9 en question.<\/p>\n<p>Si cela vous semble confus, l\u2019exemple<br \/>\nsuivant vous \u00e9clairera. C\u2019est un excellent<br \/>\noutil \u00e0 utiliser dans les rapports d\u2019\u00e9valuation.<\/p>\n<p>Exemple de traitement quand un<br \/>\n\u00e9ventail de TCG est large<br \/>\nSi vous avez une s\u00e9rie de TCG provenant<br \/>\nde ventes et que ces taux pourraient<br \/>\ncorrespondre \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e, on<br \/>\nparle alors de distribution de probabilit\u00e9.<br \/>\nSi vous avez une s\u00e9rie de TCG de 5,25 %,<br \/>\n6,1 %, 6,5 %, 7,0 % et 7,25 %, on parle de<br \/>\ndistribution de probabilit\u00e9 discr\u00e8te car<br \/>\nles r\u00e9sultats possibles sont limit\u00e9s aux<br \/>\nestimations ponctuelles sp\u00e9cifiques d\u00e9j\u00e0<br \/>\n\u00e9tablies (c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire de 5,2 % \u00e0 7,25 %). <\/p>\n<p>Tableau 1<\/p>\n<p>COLONNE A COLONNE B  COLONNE C COLONNE D COLONNE E COLONNE D<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9ventail<br \/>\nr\u00e9sultats TCG <\/p>\n<p>possibles<\/p>\n<p>Le taux global<br \/>\nattendu<\/p>\n<p>Diff\u00e9rence<br \/>\nentre col A et <\/p>\n<p>col B<\/p>\n<p>Mise au carr\u00e9<br \/>\npour enlever <\/p>\n<p>signes n\u00e9gatifs<\/p>\n<p>Appliquer la<br \/>\nprobabilit\u00e9 de <\/p>\n<p>la col A<\/p>\n<p>Variance totale de chaque<br \/>\ncalcul col D x col E<\/p>\n<p>5,0 % 6,25 % -1,25 % 1,56 % 0,05 % 0,078<\/p>\n<p>5,50 % 6,25 % -0,75 % 0,56 % 0,05 % 0,028<\/p>\n<p>6,0 % 6,25 % -0,25 % 0,06 % 0,40 % 0,025<\/p>\n<p>6,50 % 6,25 % +0,25 % 0,06 % 0,25 % 0,016<\/p>\n<p>7,0 % 6,25 % +0,75 % 0,56 % 0,20 % 0,113<\/p>\n<p>7,5 % 6,25 % +1,25 % 1,56 % 0,05 % 0,078<\/p>\n<p>Total 100 % 0,34<br \/>\nSomme des variances<\/p>\n<p>En d\u2019autres termes, le TCG s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9<br \/>\npour la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e est une<br \/>\nd\u00e9riv\u00e9e de la plage de donn\u00e9es. Elles ne<br \/>\nsont pas continues.<\/p>\n<p>Pour trouver le meilleur TCG de la<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e, il suffit d\u2019appliquer<br \/>\nla variance au probl\u00e8me et une certaine<br \/>\nprobabilit\u00e9. La variance n\u2019est rien d\u2019autre<br \/>\nque la moyenne pond\u00e9r\u00e9e des diff\u00e9rences<br \/>\nau carr\u00e9 entre chaque r\u00e9sultat possible<br \/>\net le r\u00e9sultat attendu. Cependant, nous<br \/>\ndevons appliquer l\u2019\u00e9cart-type, qui est la<br \/>\nracine carr\u00e9e de la variance, car il fournit<br \/>\nune mesure plus utilisable de la dispersion.  <\/p>\n<p>Nous avons cherch\u00e9 dans notre base<br \/>\nde donn\u00e9es et trouv\u00e9 que les meilleures<br \/>\nventes avaient un TCG entre 5,25 % et<br \/>\n7,25 %. Cependant, nous savons que le TCG<br \/>\nde la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e n\u2019est pas absolu<br \/>\ndans le sens o\u00f9 il ne va pas correspondre<br \/>\nparfaitement \u00e0 un ou deux des taux<br \/>\ndes ventes comparables. Cependant,<br \/>\nles ventes sont notre meilleure preuve<br \/>\nd\u2019un TCG pour la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 en question<br \/>\n\u00ab entrant \u00bb dans l\u2019analyse. <\/p>\n<p>Nous pouvons lisser le TCG des ventes<br \/>\nen cr\u00e9ant une fourchette plus standard.<br \/>\nNous avons cr\u00e9\u00e9 une fourchette entre<br \/>\n5,0 % et 7,50 % en utilisant un incr\u00e9ment<br \/>\nde 0,50 %. Un demi-point de taux de<br \/>\ncapitalisation ne va pas repr\u00e9senter une<br \/>\ndiff\u00e9rence significative au final. Toutefois,<br \/>\nsi l\u2019\u00e9valuateur estime que cela peut poser un<br \/>\nprobl\u00e8me, alors les taux doivent \u00eatre ventil\u00e9s <\/p>\n<p>en utilisant une diff\u00e9rence de 0,25 %.<br \/>\nNotre nouvelle fourchette de TCG est<br \/>\nindiqu\u00e9e dans la colonne A du tableau 1. <\/p>\n<p>La moyenne des TCG que nous avons<br \/>\ncr\u00e9\u00e9s est de 6,25 %. Elle est indiqu\u00e9e<br \/>\ndans la colonne B. C\u2019est notre seule<br \/>\nestimation d\u2019un TCG compte tenu de<br \/>\nnotre ensemble de donn\u00e9es. Nous savons<br \/>\nque ce n\u2019est pas parfait et nous devons<br \/>\ndonc \u00ab ajuster \u00bb les TCG de l\u2019ensemble<br \/>\ndes donn\u00e9es pour modifier la moyenne<br \/>\ns\u00e9lectionn\u00e9e (6,25%). Nous pouvons le<br \/>\nfaire en pla\u00e7ant les donn\u00e9es dans une<br \/>\nfeuille de calcul Excel et en d\u00e9composant<br \/>\nla formule pour la variance.   <\/p>\n<p>La colonne C repr\u00e9sente la diff\u00e9rence<br \/>\nentre notre gamme de TCG et notre<br \/>\n\u00ab meilleure estimation \u00bb s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9e<br \/>\nen termes de TCG cibl\u00e9 pour le bien<br \/>\nconcern\u00e9 \u00e0 ce stade de l\u2019analyse.<\/p>\n<p>La colonne D est la mise au carr\u00e9 des<br \/>\nchiffres de la colonne C afin d\u2019\u00e9liminer<br \/>\ntoutes les valeurs n\u00e9gatives de la diff\u00e9rence<br \/>\nentre la gamme de TCG et notre meilleur<br \/>\nTCG cibl\u00e9 pour le bien immobilier concern\u00e9.  <\/p>\n<p>La colonne E est celle o\u00f9 l\u2019\u00e9valuateur<br \/>\ncommence \u00e0 \u00ab ajuster \u00bb les \u00ab taux<br \/>\nd\u2019entr\u00e9e \u00bb de 5,0 % \u00e0 7,5 %. En d\u2019autres<br \/>\ntermes, quelle est la probabilit\u00e9 que le bien<br \/>\nimmobilier concern\u00e9 atteigne un TCG de<br \/>\n5,0 %, 5,50 %, etc.? La r\u00e9ponse imm\u00e9diate<br \/>\nest : \u00ab Comment suis-je cens\u00e9 le savoir? \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est ici que l\u2019\u00e9valuateur apporte<br \/>\nsa connaissance du march\u00e9 et sa <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 26 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Tableau 2<\/p>\n<p>TAUX DE CAPITALISATION POIDS<\/p>\n<p>5 13,00 moyenne 6,25<\/p>\n<p>5,5 15,00 moyenne pond\u00e9r\u00e9e 6,37<\/p>\n<p>6 16,00<\/p>\n<p>6,5 17,00<\/p>\n<p>7 19,00<\/p>\n<p>7,5 20,00<\/p>\n<p>SOMME 37,5 100,00<\/p>\n<p>compr\u00e9hension des raisons pour lesquelles<br \/>\nles TCG diff\u00e8rent selon le type de propri\u00e9t\u00e9.<br \/>\nNous devons souligner que la probabilit\u00e9<br \/>\nde la colonne E tend \u00e0 forcer l\u2019\u00e9valuateur<br \/>\n\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 la relation des choix possibles<br \/>\nd\u2019un TCG dans la colonne A, par rapport au<br \/>\nbien concern\u00e9. C\u2019est un moment crucial, car<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9valuateur doit trouver un juste \u00e9quilibre<br \/>\nentre la rationalisation et la probabilit\u00e9.    <\/p>\n<p>La colonne D est le produit de toutes<br \/>\nles probabilit\u00e9s par rapport \u00e0 la variance<br \/>\nentre le TCG moyen cibl\u00e9 ou estim\u00e9 et le<br \/>\nnombre possible de TCG qui pourraient<br \/>\ncorrespondre \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e.<br \/>\nLa somme r\u00e9elle de toutes les variances<br \/>\nest tout \u00e0 fait insignifiante, il faut donc<br \/>\nprendre la racine carr\u00e9e de ce nombre.<br \/>\nCe faisant, on ne fait que calculer l\u2019\u00e9cart<br \/>\ntype de la somme totale de la variance.<br \/>\nCe n\u2019est rien de plus qu\u2019un \u00e9talon pour<br \/>\nmesurer la distance autour de notre TCG<br \/>\ncibl\u00e9 de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e (6,25%).<br \/>\nNous savons que la valeur 6,25 %<br \/>\nn\u2019est pas le TCG exact, mais c\u2019est notre<br \/>\nmeilleure estimation. Le processus<br \/>\nd\u00e9cisionnel consistant \u00e0 essayer de<br \/>\nvalider le TCG de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e<br \/>\npar le biais de la variance nous conduira<br \/>\n\u00e0 une gamme de TCG dans laquelle la<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9e devrait se situer.  <\/p>\n<p>La racine carr\u00e9e de la variance totale<br \/>\n(0,34) est de 0,58 %. Cela correspond \u00e0 un<br \/>\n\u00e9cart type de 1. Par cons\u00e9quent, le TCG de<br \/>\nla propri\u00e9t\u00e9 en question va \u00eatre de 6,25% +- <\/p>\n<p>0,58% soit de 5,67% \u00e0 6,83%. Cette derni\u00e8re<br \/>\nfourchette est nettement meilleure que ce<br \/>\nque nous avions au d\u00e9part.  <\/p>\n<p>Dans notre exemple, la moyenne de<br \/>\n6,25 % \u00e9tait le meilleur ajustement de<br \/>\nl\u2019ensemble des ventes. Il n\u2019y avait pas de<br \/>\nmode ou de m\u00e9diane que nous pouvions<br \/>\nconsid\u00e9rer. Selon la forme des TCG<br \/>\n\u00ab entrant \u00bb dans l\u2019analyse, le mode ou<br \/>\nla m\u00e9diane serait peut-\u00eatre le meilleur<br \/>\nchoix? On peut \u00e9galement utiliser<br \/>\nune moyenne pond\u00e9r\u00e9e en effectuant<br \/>\nsimplement la FONCTION SOMME dans<br \/>\nExcel. Le tableau 2 en est un exemple. <\/p>\n<p>Les taux de capitalisation du tableau<br \/>\n2 sont les m\u00eames que ceux utilis\u00e9s<br \/>\ndans l\u2019exemple original de traitement<br \/>\nde la variance. La colonne Poids est<br \/>\nsimplement le % de chaque taux de<br \/>\ncapitalisation de la somme totale, par<br \/>\nexemple, 5%\/37,5. Le montant du poids<br \/>\nest totalis\u00e9 pour repr\u00e9senter 100 %. <\/p>\n<p>La moyenne typique des taux de<br \/>\ncapitalisation est indiqu\u00e9e en bleu \u00e0 6,25 %.<br \/>\nCependant, la moyenne pond\u00e9r\u00e9e en rouge<br \/>\nest calcul\u00e9e diff\u00e9remment en utilisant<br \/>\nla FONCTION SOMME dans Excel. Cette<br \/>\nnouvelle moyenne pond\u00e9r\u00e9e est de 6,37 %.<br \/>\nSi nous utilisons la moyenne pond\u00e9r\u00e9e par<br \/>\nopposition \u00e0 la moyenne arithm\u00e9tique, le TCG<br \/>\nde la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 en question se situerait entre<br \/>\n5,8 % et 6,9 %. Ce n\u2019est pas tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rent<br \/>\nde notre fourchette initiale. Toutefois, cela<br \/>\npourrait changer en fonction de la situation.  <\/p>\n<p>Les avantages de l\u2019utilisation de la<br \/>\nvariance et de la probabilit\u00e9 comme<br \/>\nsource pour d\u00e9terminer le TCG d\u2019une<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9 donn\u00e9e sont les suivants :<\/p>\n<p>1. Cela permet d\u2019\u00e9liminer certaines des<br \/>\ndiff\u00e9rences entre les TCG \u00ab entrant \u00bb<br \/>\ndans l\u2019analyse, en particulier si les<br \/>\ntaux du march\u00e9 sont larges pour des<br \/>\nraisons inconnues.<\/p>\n<p>2. Il oblige l\u2019\u00e9valuateur \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir<br \/>\n\u00e0 la signification des taux de<br \/>\ncapitalisation sp\u00e9cifiques. Les TCG<br \/>\nsont plus que des chiffres. Chacun<br \/>\ndoit tenir compte de la r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration<br \/>\nd\u2019un investissement liquide sans<br \/>\nrisque, du risque lui-m\u00eame, des<br \/>\nvariations de l\u2019illiquidit\u00e9, de la<br \/>\ngestion et d\u2019une certaine provision<br \/>\npour l\u2019appr\u00e9ciation. Ils repr\u00e9sentent<br \/>\nune conscience collective de divers<br \/>\nacheteurs qui ont achet\u00e9 des<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9s similaires, mais non<br \/>\nidentiques \u00e0 celle de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 en<br \/>\nquestion. Ils \u00e9taient pr\u00eats \u00e0 accepter<br \/>\nun taux de rendement donn\u00e9 sur et<br \/>\nde cet investissement \u00e0 un moment<br \/>\ndonn\u00e9 dans le temps. Le TCG<br \/>\n\u00e9tait-il le reflet du fait qu\u2019il y a peu de<br \/>\nproduits immobiliers sur le march\u00e9?<br \/>\nPeut-\u00eatre l\u2019acheteur a-t-il estim\u00e9<br \/>\nque le TCG \u00e9tait raisonnable parce<br \/>\nque la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 est proche d\u2019autres<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9s qu\u2019il poss\u00e8de? Peut-\u00eatre le<br \/>\ntaux \u00e9tait-il acceptable parce que la<br \/>\nprobabilit\u00e9 que les locataires paient<br \/>\nle loyer chaque mois \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s bonne<br \/>\net que, par cons\u00e9quent, le revenu<br \/>\nfutur \u00e9tait quelque peu garanti?<\/p>\n<p>Conclusion<br \/>\nLa variance et la probabilit\u00e9 sont des<br \/>\noutils pour explorer vos donn\u00e9es.<br \/>\nC\u2019est la fonction de tous les \u00e9valuateurs :<br \/>\nexpliquer les diff\u00e9rences entre les biens<br \/>\nimmobiliers, que ce soit dans le cadre de<br \/>\nl\u2019approche par comparaison directe, des<br \/>\nGIM ou des TCG. Alors pourquoi ne pas<br \/>\nutiliser quelques statistiques pour vous<br \/>\naider dans votre d\u00e9marche? <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 27Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Institutional discrimination: housing and mortgage lending <\/p>\n<p>Discrimination is defined as the unequal treatment of different<br \/>\ngroups of people. Most of us think of discrimination as a set<br \/>\nof specific actions such as using racial slurs or refusing to do<br \/>\nbusiness with certain types of people. However, a greater blight<br \/>\nthat often goes unnoticed is institutional prejudice. Institutional<br \/>\nprejudice and discrimination are the biases that are built into the<br \/>\noperation of society\u2019s institutions like schools, housing, banking<br \/>\nsystems, and the workforce. The concept of institutional racism<br \/>\nwas first highlighted by civil rights activists Stokely Carmichael<br \/>\nand Charles Hamilton in the 1960s. They argued that institutional<br \/>\nracism was harder to identify and, therefore, less often<br \/>\ncondemned by society.  <\/p>\n<p>This is supported by a 2022 report conducted by the University<br \/>\nof Toronto\u2019s Centre for Urban and Community Studies for CMHC<br \/>\n(Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation) entitled Housing<br \/>\nDiscrimination in Canada: What we know about it. This report<br \/>\nhighlighted the lack of research in mortgage lending in Canada.<br \/>\nThere is no new Canadian research on discrimination in mortgage<br \/>\nlending, though that does not mean that it does not occur. In the<br \/>\nUS, studies suggest that black homeowners are denied home<br \/>\nmortgage loans at a higher rate than their white counterparts,<br \/>\neven when the black and white applicants have similar<br \/>\nqualifications related to income, credit records and other eligible<br \/>\ncharacteristics. Given that some facets of the Canadian financial<br \/>\nsector are similar to its southern neighbour, it is safe to assume<br \/>\nthat we have similar problems in our system, albeit perhaps on a<br \/>\nsmaller scale. <\/p>\n<p>The gap increases among marginal applicants (those with<br \/>\nless-than-ideal credit records) according to the applicant\u2019s race<br \/>\nor sex. Additionally, US studies indicate that women and visible<br \/>\nminorities may be discouraged from applying for a mortgage in<br \/>\nthe first place. Little information is available on discriminatory<br \/>\npractices in mortgage lending in Canada. <\/p>\n<p>Research in Canada<\/p>\n<p>Anecdotal evidence suggests that such discrimination exists<br \/>\nin Canada, but no studies have been done to confirm this. In<br \/>\nCanada, banks do not provide material information about their<br \/>\nlending policies, therefore, there is no public accountability in<br \/>\nthis area. Also, Canadian banks do not maintain records that<br \/>\ntrack successful and unsuccessful mortgage applicants or the<br \/>\ncriteria that were utilized to determine the success or failure of<br \/>\nthese applications. <\/p>\n<p>The research available suggests that housing discrimination<br \/>\nexists in Canada. The existing studies are small scale, limited to<br \/>\na few cities, and nearly all have focused on the rental sector and <\/p>\n<p>ASHITA CHANDRA is a Candidate Member working towards her AACI designation. She is on the Steering Committee <\/p>\n<p>of her local Refugee Action Forum and currently serves on the AIC President\u2019s Council on Equity, Diversity and Inclusion.<\/p>\n<p>Collateral damage:<br \/>\na brief history and the<br \/>\neffects of housing<br \/>\ndiscrimination in Canada <\/p>\n<p>EQUITY, DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION (EDI)<\/p>\n<p>The greatest challenge of our times is<br \/>\nnot better technology; it is defeating<br \/>\nprejudice in all its forms. <\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Simon Ives  <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 28 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>EQUITY, DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION (EDI)<\/p>\n<p>on racial discrimination. Little systematic research is available<br \/>\non the homeownership sector or other forms of discrimination. <\/p>\n<p>The study also suggests that systematic research is critically<br \/>\nneeded, in the following areas:  <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 housing audit studies (especially paired testing) in major<br \/>\ncities, focusing on blacks, Aboriginals, female-headed<br \/>\nhouseholds, families with children, youth, people with<br \/>\nphysical disabilities, and low-income households;  <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 surveys of perceived discrimination and its effects on home-<br \/>\nseeking behaviour and outcomes in both large and small<br \/>\nurban centres;  <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 surveys on the housing experiences of specific ethnic groups<br \/>\nin specific cities.  <\/p>\n<p>Studying mortgage lending practices is more difficult, because<br \/>\nof the privacy of transactions. However, exploratory research<br \/>\ninvolving surveys of the general population and mortgage<br \/>\nholders might indicate the nature and extent of discrimination in<br \/>\nthis area. <\/p>\n<p>CMHC research 2021<\/p>\n<p>At the end of 2021, CMHC released its first report entitled<br \/>\nHomeownership Rate Varies Significantly by Race. The new<br \/>\nreport highlighted many inequities among various racial groups.<br \/>\nBetween 2011 (National Health Service &#8211; NHS) and 2016 (Census),<br \/>\nthe overall homeownership rate fell by 2.74 percentage points.<br \/>\nThe biggest proportional drops in homeownership rates<br \/>\ncame from the Black, Filipino, Arab, West Asian, and Korean<br \/>\ngroups.  According to the 2018 Canadian Housing Survey, nearly <\/p>\n<p>three-quarters (73%) of the population lived in a dwelling that<br \/>\nwas owned by a member of the household. Seniors (78%), South<br \/>\nAsian people (74%) and veterans (73%) lived in owner households<br \/>\nat similar rates as the population as a whole, while Chinese<br \/>\npeople (85%) were more likely to live in owned dwellings. This<br \/>\nwas not the case for the Black population (48%) and recent<br \/>\nimmigrants (44%), where less than half of these population<br \/>\ngroups lived in owner households and were more likely to rent.<br \/>\nIn summary, the homeownership gap between these racial<br \/>\ngroups and other racial groups increased between 2011 and<br \/>\n2016. Similar racial group differences exist when evaluating the<br \/>\nchange between the 2006 and 2016 censuses, with the notable<br \/>\nexception of the Aboriginal peoples and Latin American groups<br \/>\nthat demonstrated positive growth between 2006 and 2016. <\/p>\n<p>A chapter in the history of housing discrimination in  <\/p>\n<p>Canada \u2013 Africville  <\/p>\n<p>Africville was a<br \/>\nprimarily Black<br \/>\ncommunity located<br \/>\non the south shore<br \/>\nof the Bedford<br \/>\nBasin, on the<br \/>\noutskirts of Halifax.<br \/>\nThe first records of<br \/>\na Black presence<br \/>\nin Africville date<br \/>\nback to 1848, and <\/p>\n<p>COLLATERAL<br \/>\nDAMAGE<\/p>\n<p>Belief in the minority\u2019s<br \/>\nresumed innate <\/p>\n<p>inferiority<\/p>\n<p>Prejudice and<br \/>\ndiscrimination<\/p>\n<p>Social<br \/>\nDisadvantage<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 29Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>EQUITY, DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION (EDI)<\/p>\n<p>it continued to exist for 150 years after that. Over that time,<br \/>\nhundreds of individuals and families lived there and built a<br \/>\nthriving, close-knit community. There were stores, a school, a<br \/>\npost office, and a church. Nearly a hundred years later, in the<br \/>\n1960s, many residents of Africville still did not have running<br \/>\nwater or even a sewage system.1<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, discrimination and poverty presented many<br \/>\nchallenges for the community of people in Africville. The City<br \/>\nof Halifax refused to provide many amenities other Haligonians<br \/>\ntook for granted, such as sewage, access to clean water, and<br \/>\ngarbage disposal. Africville residents, who paid taxes and<br \/>\ntook pride in their homes, asked the city to provide these<br \/>\nbasic services on numerous occasions, but no action was taken. <\/p>\n<p>Copy of Planning Department provided by the Halifax Municipal Archives<br \/>\n&#8211; Africville Map 1962<br \/>\n(https:\/\/www.halifax.ca\/about-halifax\/municipal-archives\/source-<br \/>\nguides\/africville-sources) <\/p>\n<p>The City compounded the problem by building many undesirable<br \/>\ndevelopments in and around Africville, including a fertilizer<br \/>\nplant, slaughterhouses, Rockhead Prison (1854), the \u2018night-<br \/>\nsoil disposal pits\u2019 (human waste), and the Infectious Diseases<br \/>\nHospital (1870s). In 1915, Halifax City Council declared that<br \/>\nAfricville \u201cwill always be an industrial district\u201d2. While dealing<br \/>\nwith small land allotments, the people of Africville were already<br \/>\nat a disadvantage and the health hazards bought in by the city<br \/>\ndevalued the area even more, thus restricting the ability of<br \/>\nAfricvillians to build wealth through homeownership. In 1964, the<br \/>\nCity of Halifax authorized the relocation of Africville and offered<br \/>\npayments for homes to people with deeds. Those without deeds,<br \/>\nirrespective of the time they owned the properties were offered<br \/>\n$500. In most of these cases, the homes had been built, owned<br \/>\nand lived in for generations. By 1970, the last home in Africville<br \/>\nwas destroyed.  <\/p>\n<p>After the relocation, displaced residents found that the \u2018home<br \/>\nfor a home\u2019 deals did not materialize. Many realized that the<br \/>\nmonies paid for their land and property was only enough for a<br \/>\ndown payment on a new home or a short period of rental in public<br \/>\nhousing. To make matters worse, the City of Halifax dismantled<br \/>\nthe support structures intended to assist former residents only<br \/>\nthree years after relocation began. Those who stayed in Halifax felt<br \/>\nforced to turn toward welfare to cover the rising costs of living in<br \/>\nthe city. Many left the city and moved to other parts of the country.<br \/>\nThis has affected the generational wealth of all the residents and<br \/>\nsubsequent generations of Africville and has kept homeownership<br \/>\nlow for racially marginalized communities and groups. <\/p>\n<p>Reparations for the disenfranchised: repairing lasting damage  <\/p>\n<p>Chicago (Evanston) became the first US city to offer reparations<br \/>\nto black resident families who suffered damage from decades of<br \/>\ndiscriminatory and segregationist policies, the most prominent of<br \/>\nwhich was redlining. <\/p>\n<p>In March 2021, it was announced that an amount of $25,000 per<br \/>\neligible household would be granted for home repairs, mortgage<br \/>\nassistance or mortgage down payments. The housing grants are<br \/>\nmore narrowly targeted to residents who can show that they or<br \/>\ntheir ancestors were victims of redlining and other discriminatory<br \/>\n20th-century housing practices in the city that limited the<br \/>\nneighbourhoods where Black people could live. Eligible applicants<br \/>\ncould be descendants of an Evanston resident who lived in the city<br \/>\nbetween 1919 and 1969, or they could have experienced housing<br \/>\ndiscrimination because of city policies after 1969. <\/p>\n<p>This step by Chicago (Evanston) sets a precedent for future<br \/>\nreparations and will help model what could be an improved<br \/>\nfuture for all injured parties. At least, that remains the hope. <\/p>\n<p>The practicality of implementing reparation programs,<br \/>\nespecially on a large (national scale), is still a hot topic of<br \/>\ndiscussion and dialogue across both Canada and the US. <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 30 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.halifax.ca\/about-halifax\/municipal-archives\/source-guides\/africville-sources<\/p>\n<p>EQUITY, DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION (EDI)<\/p>\n<p>References and Bibliography <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 http:\/\/www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca\/pdfs\/researchbulletins\/11.pdf<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/journals.lib.unb.ca\/index.php\/acadiensis\/article\/<\/p>\n<p>view\/18419\/19899<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/www.halifax.ca\/about-halifax\/municipal-archives\/source-<\/p>\n<p>guides\/africville-sources<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca\/en\/professionals\/housing-<\/p>\n<p>markets-data-and-research\/housingresearch\/research-reports\/<br \/>\nhousing-finance\/research-insight-homeownership-rate-<br \/>\nvaries-significantlyrace?utm_medium=email&#038;utm_<br \/>\nsource=eblast&#038;utm_campaign=housing-research&#038;utm_<br \/>\ncontent=english <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/www.koho.ca\/learn\/redlining-in-canada\/<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/americas-formerly-<\/p>\n<p>redlines-areas-changed-so-must-solutions\/<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-<\/p>\n<p>shots\/2020\/11\/19\/911909187\/in-u-s-cities-the-health-effects-<br \/>\nof-pasthousing-discrimination-are-plain-to-see <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/46-28-<br \/>\n0001\/462800012021001-eng.htm <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/daily-quotidien\/211122\/<br \/>\ndq211122b-eng.htm <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/youtu.be\/HAn1RbPGynY<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/7725225\/chicago-suburb-evanston-<\/p>\n<p>black-reparations\/<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/simon_ives_defeating_prejudice?utm_<\/p>\n<p>source=tedcomshare&#038;utm_medium=email&#038;utm_<br \/>\ncampaign=tedspread  <\/p>\n<p>End notes<br \/>\n1 Canadian Museum for Human Rights: https:\/\/humanrights.ca\/<\/p>\n<p>story\/the-story-of-africville<br \/>\n2 Africville: A Story of Environmental Racism:  https:\/\/niche-<\/p>\n<p>canada.org\/2021\/02\/17\/africville-a-story-of-environmental-<br \/>\nracism\/#:~:text=By%20the%20second%20half%20of,<br \/>\npits%2C%20and%20the%20Infectious%20Disease <\/p>\n<p>The approach of Verity Claims Management<br \/>\nto every claim will be to provide \u201cFundamental<br \/>\nTrue Value.\u201d Our claims handling services are <\/p>\n<p>grounded in the following principles:<br \/>\n\u2022 Client-focused service<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Collaboration with other service providers<br \/>\n\u2022 Careful and thorough analysis and investigation<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Prompt and clear reporting to clients<\/p>\n<p>1860 Appleby Line-Suite 420,  Burlington, ON  L7L 7H7<br \/>\nKatjaK@verityclaims.ca | 647-884-5065<\/p>\n<p>9776478 Canada Inc.<\/p>\n<p>A properly handled claim can make<br \/>\na large difference in the outcome of the claim<\/p>\n<p>Realize<br \/>\nyour<br \/>\npotential<\/p>\n<p>350+<br \/>\nappraisers | economists | market researchers  <\/p>\n<p>advisors | planners<\/p>\n<p>View exciting<br \/>\nopportunities in our<br \/>\nResearch, Valuation,<br \/>\nAdvisory, and Data<br \/>\nSolutions teams<\/p>\n<p>Learn more at altusgroup.com\/careers and follow us on <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 31Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca\/pdfs\/researchbulletins\/11.pdf<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/journals.lib.unb.ca\/index.php\/acadiensis\/article\/view\/18419\/19899<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.halifax.ca\/about-halifax\/municipal-archives\/source-guides\/africville-sources<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca\/en\/professionals\/housing-markets-data-and-research\/housingresearch\/research-reports\/housing-finance\/research-insight-homeownership-rate-varies-significantlyrace?utm_medium=email&#038;utm_source=eblast&#038;utm_campaign=housing-research&#038;utm_content=english<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.koho.ca\/learn\/redlining-in-canada\/<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/americas-formerly-redlines-areas-changed-so-must-solutions\/<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2020\/11\/19\/911909187\/in-u-s-cities-the-health-effects-of-pasthousing-discrimination-are-plain-to-see<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/46-28-0001\/462800012021001-eng.htm<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/daily-quotidien\/211122\/dq211122b-eng.htm<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/HAn1RbPGynY\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"oembed-image\" onclick=\"this.outerHTML='&lt;iframe class=&quot;oembed-iframe&quot; title=&quot;Reparations for anti-Black racism in Canada &mdash; where to begin&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; src=&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HAn1RbPGynY?feature=oembed&amp;autoplay=1&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; allowfullscreen&gt;&lt;\/iframe&gt;';jQuery('.oembed-iframe').each(function() { var _this = jQuery(this), iframeWidth, iframeHeight,iframeAspect;iframeAspect = 9 \/ 16;iframeWidth = _this.parent().width();iframeHeight = iframeWidth * iframeAspect;_this.css('width', iframeWidth);_this.css('height', iframeHeight);});\" alt=\"Reparations for anti-Black racism in Canada \u2014 where to begin\"><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"5BWC51MfcT\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/7725225\/chicago-suburb-evanston-black-reparations\/\">Chicago suburb becomes first U.S. city to pay Black residents reparations over &#8216;redlining&#8217;<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Chicago suburb becomes first U.S. city to pay Black residents reparations over &#8216;redlining&#8217;&#8221; &#8212; Global News\" src=\"https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/7725225\/chicago-suburb-evanston-black-reparations\/embed\/#?secret=qhPFxe1vWR#?secret=5BWC51MfcT\" data-secret=\"5BWC51MfcT\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  title=\"Simon Ives: Defeating Prejudice\" src=\"https:\/\/embed.ted.com\/talks\/simon_ives_defeating_prejudice\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" webkitAllowFullScreen mozallowfullscreen allowFullScreen><\/iframe><br \/>\nhttps:\/\/humanrights.ca\/story\/the-story-of-africville<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"OqE4mtGOSI\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/niche-canada.org\/2021\/02\/17\/africville-a-story-of-environmental-racism\/\">Africville: A Story of Environmental Racism<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Africville: A Story of Environmental Racism&#8221; &#8212; NiCHE\" src=\"https:\/\/niche-canada.org\/2021\/02\/17\/africville-a-story-of-environmental-racism\/embed\/#?secret=YPJy2gi90z#?secret=OqE4mtGOSI\" data-secret=\"OqE4mtGOSI\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nmailto:KatjaK@verityclaims.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/altusgroup.com\/careers<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9QUIT\u00c9, DIVERSIT\u00c9 ET INCLUSION (\u00c9DI)<\/p>\n<p>ASHITA CHANDRA est membre stagiaire et poursuit son cheminement vers la d\u00e9signation AACI. Elle si\u00e8ge au Comit\u00e9 <\/p>\n<p>directeur de son Forum local pour r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et occupe aussi un poste au sein du Conseil du pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019ICE sur <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9, la diversit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusion.        <\/p>\n<p>Discrimination institutionnelle :  <\/p>\n<p>logement et pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires<\/p>\n<p>La discrimination est d\u00e9finie comme le traitement in\u00e9gal de<br \/>\ndiff\u00e9rents groupes de gens. La plupart d\u2019entre nous consid\u00e8rent<br \/>\nla discrimination comme un ensemble d\u2019actes sp\u00e9cifiques<br \/>\ncomme utiliser des propos racistes ou refuser de faire des<br \/>\naffaires avec certains types de personnes. Toutefois, un plus<br \/>\ngrand fl\u00e9au qui passe fr\u00e9quemment inaper\u00e7u est le pr\u00e9jug\u00e9<br \/>\ninstitutionnel. Le pr\u00e9jug\u00e9 institutionnel et la discrimination sont<br \/>\nles partis pris qui sont int\u00e9gr\u00e9s dans le fonctionnement des<br \/>\ninstitutions de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 comme les \u00e9coles, le logement, les<br \/>\nsyst\u00e8mes bancaires et la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre. La notion de racisme<br \/>\ninstitutionnel a d\u2019abord \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9e par les militants des droits<br \/>\nde la personne Stokely Carmichael et Charles Hamilton au d\u00e9but<br \/>\ndes ann\u00e9es 1960. Ils affirmaient que le racisme institutionnel<br \/>\n\u00e9tant plus difficile \u00e0 identifier, il \u00e9tait donc moins souvent<br \/>\ncondamn\u00e9 par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Leur lutte est appuy\u00e9e par un rapport r\u00e9dig\u00e9 en 2022 par<br \/>\nle Centre for Urban and Community Studies de l\u2019Universit\u00e9<br \/>\nde Toronto, pour le compte de la SCHL (Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 canadienne<br \/>\nd\u2019hypoth\u00e8ques et de logement) et intitul\u00e9 Housing Discrimination<br \/>\nin Canada: What we know about it [La discrimination en mati\u00e8re<br \/>\nde logement au Canada : Ce que l\u2019on en sait &#8211; N.D.T.] Le rapport<br \/>\nsoulignait l\u2019absence de recherches sur les pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires<br \/>\nau Canada. Il n\u2019y a pas de nouvelles recherches canadiennes sur<br \/>\nla discrimination en mati\u00e8re de pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires, mais \u00e7a<br \/>\nne veut pas dire qu\u2019elle n\u2019existe pas. Aux \u00c9tats-Unis, les \u00e9tudes<br \/>\ndonnent \u00e0 penser que les propri\u00e9taires noirs se voient refuser <\/p>\n<p>des pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires dans une plus grande proportion que<br \/>\nleurs homologues blancs, m\u00eame quand les demandeurs noirs<br \/>\net blancs ont des qualifications similaires concernant le revenu,<br \/>\nle dossier de cr\u00e9dit et d\u2019autres crit\u00e8res admissibles. Comme<br \/>\ncertaines facettes du secteur financier canadien sont semblables<br \/>\nchez nos voisins du Sud, on peut raisonnablement consid\u00e9rer que<br \/>\nnous avons les m\u00eames genres de probl\u00e8mes dans notre syst\u00e8me,<br \/>\nquoique peut-\u00eatre sur une plus petite \u00e9chelle.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9cart se creuse chez les demandeurs marginaux (qui ont des<br \/>\ndossiers de cr\u00e9dit moins qu\u2019id\u00e9aux), selon la race ou le sexe des<br \/>\ndemandeurs. En outre, les \u00e9tudes am\u00e9ricaines indiquent que les<br \/>\nfemmes et les minorit\u00e9s visibles peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9courag\u00e9es de<br \/>\nfaire une demande d\u2019hypoth\u00e8que pour commencer. On poss\u00e8de<br \/>\npeu d\u2019information sur les pratiques discriminatoires visant les<br \/>\npr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires au Canada.<\/p>\n<p>La recherche au Canada<\/p>\n<p>La preuve anecdotique sugg\u00e8re qu\u2019une telle discrimination<br \/>\nexiste au Canada, mais aucune \u00e9tude n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9e pour  <\/p>\n<p>Le plus grand d\u00e9fi de notre \u00e9poque n\u2019est<br \/>\npas une meilleure technologie; c\u2019est<br \/>\nvaincre les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s, quels qu\u2019ils soient.<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Simon Ives  <\/p>\n<p>Dommages collat\u00e9raux :<br \/>\nune br\u00e8ve histoire et les effets<br \/>\nde la discrimination en mati\u00e8re<br \/>\nde logement au Canada<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 32 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9QUIT\u00c9, DIVERSIT\u00c9 ET INCLUSION (\u00c9DI)<\/p>\n<p>DOMMAGES<br \/>\nCOLLAT\u00c9RAUX<\/p>\n<p>le confirmer. Dans ce pays, les banques ne fournissent pas de<br \/>\nrenseignements importants sur leurs politiques de pr\u00eat; elles<br \/>\nn\u2019ont donc aucune obligation de rendre des comptes au public<br \/>\n\u00e0 cet \u00e9gard. De plus, les banques canadiennes ne conservent<br \/>\npas de dossiers suivant les demandeurs d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ques<br \/>\naccept\u00e9s et refus\u00e9s ou les crit\u00e8res utilis\u00e9s pour d\u00e9terminer le<br \/>\nsucc\u00e8s ou l\u2019\u00e9chec de leurs demandes.<\/p>\n<p>La recherche disponible donne \u00e0 penser que la<br \/>\ndiscrimination en mati\u00e8re de logement existe bel et bien au<br \/>\nCanada. Les \u00e9tudes existantes sont men\u00e9es sur une petite<br \/>\n\u00e9chelle, limit\u00e9es \u00e0 quelques villes et presque toutes visent<br \/>\nle secteur de la location et la discrimination raciale. Peu de<br \/>\nrecherches syst\u00e9matiques sont disponibles sur le secteur de la<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9 ou sur d\u2019autres formes de discrimination.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9tude sugg\u00e8re aussi que la recherche syst\u00e9matique est<br \/>\nabsolument essentielle dans les domaines suivants :<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 \u00e9tudes de v\u00e9rification sur le logement (surtout des tests<br \/>\njumel\u00e9s) dans les grandes villes ciblant les Noirs, les<br \/>\nAutochtones, les m\u00e9nages dirig\u00e9s par une femme, les<br \/>\nfamilles avec enfants, les jeunes, les gens souffrant<br \/>\nd\u2019invalidit\u00e9 physique et les m\u00e9nages \u00e0 faible revenu;<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 enqu\u00eates sur la discrimination per\u00e7ue et ses effets sur le<br \/>\ncomportement des gens \u00e0 la recherche d\u2019une maison et<br \/>\nr\u00e9sultats dans les grands et petits centres urbains;<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 sondages sur les exp\u00e9riences de logement de groupes<br \/>\nethniques particuliers dans des villes donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9tude des pratiques de pr\u00eat hypoth\u00e9caire est plus difficile, en<br \/>\nraison du caract\u00e8re priv\u00e9 des transactions. Cependant, la <\/p>\n<p>recherche exploratoire visant les enqu\u00eates sur la population<br \/>\ng\u00e9n\u00e9rale et les d\u00e9tenteurs d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ques pourrait indiquer la<br \/>\nnature et l\u2019\u00e9tendue de la discrimination dans ce domaine.<\/p>\n<p>La recherche de la SCHL en 2021<\/p>\n<p>Fin 2021, la SCHL publiait son premier rapport, intitul\u00e9 Le taux de<br \/>\npropri\u00e9taires varie consid\u00e9rablement en fonction de la race. Le<br \/>\nnouveau rapport soulignait les nombreuses injustices parmi des<br \/>\ngroupes raciaux divers. Entre 2011 (Enqu\u00eate nationale aupr\u00e8s des<br \/>\nm\u00e9nages) et 2016 (Recensement), le taux global de propri\u00e9taires-<br \/>\noccupants a diminu\u00e9 de 2,74 points de pourcentage. En<br \/>\nproportion, les plus fortes baisses du taux de propri\u00e9taires-<br \/>\noccupants ont \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9es chez les Noirs, Arabes, Philippins,<br \/>\nAsiatiques occidentaux et Cor\u00e9ens. Selon l\u2019Enqu\u00eate canadienne<br \/>\nsur le logement r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en 2018, presque trois quarts (73 %)<br \/>\nde la population vivaient dans un logement poss\u00e9d\u00e9 par un<br \/>\nmembre du m\u00e9nage.<br \/>\nLes a\u00een\u00e9s (78 %),<br \/>\nles Asiatiques du<br \/>\nsud (74 %) et les<br \/>\nanciens combattants<br \/>\n(73 %) vivaient<br \/>\ndans des m\u00e9nages<br \/>\npropri\u00e9taires dans<br \/>\ndes proportions<br \/>\nsemblables \u00e0<br \/>\nl\u2019ensemble de<br \/>\nla population, <\/p>\n<p>Croyance dans<br \/>\nla pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e inf\u00e9riorit\u00e9 <\/p>\n<p>inn\u00e9e de la minorit\u00e9<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s et<br \/>\ndiscrimination<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9savantage<br \/>\nsocial<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 33Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9QUIT\u00c9, DIVERSIT\u00c9 ET INCLUSION (\u00c9DI)<\/p>\n<p>Copie du Service de planification fournie par les Archives municipales<br \/>\nd\u2019Halifax &#8211; Carte d\u2019Africville, 1962<br \/>\n(https:\/\/www.halifax.ca\/about-halifax\/municipal-archives\/source-<br \/>\nguides\/africville-sources)<\/p>\n<p>tandis que les Chinois (85 %) \u00e9taient plus susceptibles de vivre<br \/>\ndans des logements poss\u00e9d\u00e9s. Ce n\u2019\u00e9tait pas le cas pour la<br \/>\npopulation noire (48 %) et les immigrants r\u00e9cents (44 %), o\u00f9<br \/>\nmoins de la moiti\u00e9 de ces groupements de population vivait dans<br \/>\ndes m\u00e9nages propri\u00e9taires et \u00e9tait plus susceptible de louer.<br \/>\nAutrement dit, l\u2019\u00e9cart dans le taux de propri\u00e9taires-occupants<br \/>\ns\u00e9parant ces groupes raciaux et les autres a augment\u00e9 entre <\/p>\n<p>2011 et 2016. Lorsqu\u2019on examine les recensements de 2006 et<br \/>\nde 2016, on constate des diff\u00e9rences semblables entre les<br \/>\ngroupes raciaux, \u00e0 l\u2019exception notable des Autochtones et des<br \/>\nLatino-Am\u00e9ricains qui ont connu une croissance positive entre<br \/>\n2006 et 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Un chapitre dans l\u2019histoire de la discrimination  <\/p>\n<p>en mati\u00e8re de logement au Canada \u2013 Africville<\/p>\n<p>Africville \u00e9tait principalement une communaut\u00e9 de Noirs<br \/>\nvivant sur la rive sud du bassin de Bedford, dans les quartiers<br \/>\np\u00e9riph\u00e9riques d\u2019Halifax. Les premi\u00e8res mentions d\u2019une<br \/>\npr\u00e9sence noire \u00e0 Africville remontent \u00e0 1848, alors qu\u2019elle a<br \/>\ncontinu\u00e9 \u00e0 exister 150 ans par la suite. Durant cette p\u00e9riode, des<br \/>\ncentaines de personnes et de familles y ont v\u00e9cu, b\u00e2tissant une<br \/>\ncommunaut\u00e9 prosp\u00e8re et soud\u00e9e. On trouvait des magasins,<br \/>\nune \u00e9cole, un bureau de poste et une \u00e9glise. Pr\u00e8s de 100 ans<br \/>\nplus tard, dans les ann\u00e9es 1960, plusieurs r\u00e9sidants d\u2019Africville<br \/>\nn\u2019avaient pas encore d\u2019eau courante ou m\u00eame d\u2019\u00e9gouts.i<\/p>\n<p>Malheureusement, la discrimination et la pauvret\u00e9<br \/>\noccasionnaient beaucoup de probl\u00e8mes aux membres de la<br \/>\ncommunaut\u00e9 d\u2019Africville. La Ville d\u2019Halifax refusait de fournir<br \/>\nplusieurs commodit\u00e9s que les autres Haligoniens prenaient<br \/>\npour acquises, comme les \u00e9gouts, l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019eau potable et<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9vacuation des ordures. Les r\u00e9sidants d\u2019Africville, qui payaient<br \/>\ndes taxes et tiraient fiert\u00e9 de leurs maisons, ont souvent<br \/>\ndemand\u00e9 \u00e0 la Ville de fournir ces services de base, mais aucune<br \/>\nmesure n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 prise. La Ville a aggrav\u00e9 la situation<br \/>\nen proc\u00e9dant \u00e0 de nombreux d\u00e9veloppements ind\u00e9sirables \u00e0<br \/>\nAfricville et autour, incluant une usine d\u2019engrais, des abattoirs, la<br \/>\nprison Rockhead (1854), les \u2039 fosses d\u2019enfouissement nocturne \u203a<br \/>\n(excr\u00e9ments humains) et l\u2019h\u00f4pital des maladies infectieuses<br \/>\n(ann\u00e9es 1870). En 1915, le conseil municipal d\u2019Halifax d\u00e9clarait<br \/>\nqu\u2019Africville \u00ab sera toujours un district industriel \u00bbii. Alors qu\u2019ils<br \/>\navaient des petits lotissements de terrain, les gens d\u2019Africville<br \/>\n\u00e9taient d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9savantag\u00e9s, et les risques sanitaires cr\u00e9\u00e9s par<br \/>\nla Ville ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9valuer le secteur encore davantage,<br \/>\nlimitant ainsi la capacit\u00e9 des Africvillois de se cr\u00e9er une richesse<br \/>\n\u00e0 travers la propri\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>En 1964, la Ville d\u2019Halifax autorisait la relocalisation d\u2019Africville<br \/>\net offrait des paiements pour les maisons des personnes d\u00e9tenant<br \/>\ndes actes de vente. Celles qui n\u2019en d\u00e9tenaient pas, peu importe<br \/>\ndepuis combien de temps elles poss\u00e9daient leur propri\u00e9t\u00e9, se<br \/>\nvoyaient offrir 500 $. Le plus souvent, les maisons avaient \u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\nb\u00e2ties, poss\u00e9d\u00e9es et occup\u00e9es durant des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations. C\u2019est en<br \/>\n1970 que la derni\u00e8re maison d\u2019Africville fut d\u00e9molie.<\/p>\n<p>Copie du plan P500\/46 du Service de planification, fournie par les Archives municipales d\u2019Halifax<\/p>\n<p>CANTINE<\/p>\n<p>MAGASIN<\/p>\n<p>LOGEMENTS<\/p>\n<p>AUTRES B\u00c2TIMENTS             SECTEUR D\u2019AFRICVILLE<\/p>\n<p>B\u00c2TIMENTS D\u00c9MOLIS<\/p>\n<p>B\u00c2TIMENTS D\u2019INCIN\u00c9RATION ET D\u2019ABATTAGE<\/p>\n<p>TOURS N.S.L. &#038; P.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9GLISE BAPTISTE D\u2019AFRICVILLE<\/p>\n<p>LIMITE DES TERRES EXPROPRI\u00c9ES PAR LA VILLE<\/p>\n<p>LIMITE DE PROPRI\u00c9T\u00c9 DES CHEMINS DE FERS NATIONAUX DU CANADA<\/p>\n<p>LIMITE DU N.S. CO-OPERATIVE ABATTOIR LTD.<\/p>\n<p>BUREAU<br \/>\nDE POSTE<\/p>\n<p>AFRICVILLE<br \/>\nINDUSTRIEL<\/p>\n<p>SECTEUR<br \/>\nEN MILLES<\/p>\n<p>DESSIN No<br \/>\nP500\/46<\/p>\n<p>DATE<br \/>\n26\/7\/62<\/p>\n<p>DESSIN\u00c9<br \/>\nPAR P.E.J.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00c9RIFI\u00c9<br \/>\nPAR<\/p>\n<p>VILLE D\u2019HALIFAX<br \/>\nBUREAU DE LA PLANIFICATION<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 34 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.halifax.ca\/about-halifax\/municipal-archives\/source-guides\/africville-sources<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9QUIT\u00c9, DIVERSIT\u00c9 ET INCLUSION (\u00c9DI)<\/p>\n<p>Suite \u00e0 la relocalisation, les r\u00e9sidants d\u00e9plac\u00e9s ont<br \/>\nd\u00e9couvert que les march\u00e9s \u2039 une maison pour une maison \u203a ne<br \/>\nse sont pas concr\u00e9tis\u00e9s. Beaucoup ont compris que la somme<br \/>\npay\u00e9e pour leur terrain et leur propri\u00e9t\u00e9 suffisait seulement \u00e0<br \/>\nfaire une mise de fonds pour une nouvelle maison ou \u00e0 louer un<br \/>\nlogement social pour une courte p\u00e9riode de temps. Pis encore,<br \/>\nla Ville d\u2019Halifax a d\u00e9mantel\u00e9 les services de soutien con\u00e7us<br \/>\npour aider les anciens r\u00e9sidants seulement trois ans apr\u00e8s le<br \/>\nd\u00e9but de leur relocalisation. Ceux qui sont rest\u00e9s \u00e0 Halifax se<br \/>\nsont sentis oblig\u00e9s de recourir au bien-\u00eatre social pour couvrir<br \/>\nles frais croissants de la vie en ville. Plusieurs ont quitt\u00e9 la<br \/>\nville pour aller s\u2019\u00e9tablir dans d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions du pays. Cela a<br \/>\nnui \u00e0 la richesse g\u00e9n\u00e9rationnelle de tous les r\u00e9sidants et aux<br \/>\ng\u00e9n\u00e9rations subs\u00e9quentes d\u2019Africville, en plus de garder le<br \/>\ntaux de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 bas pour les communaut\u00e9s et les groupes<br \/>\nracialement marginalis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e9parations pour les gens priv\u00e9s de leurs droits : <\/p>\n<p>redresser les torts durables<\/p>\n<p>Chicago (Evanston) est devenue la premi\u00e8re ville des \u00c9tats-Unis<br \/>\n\u00e0 offrir des r\u00e9parations aux familles r\u00e9sidantes noires qui ont<br \/>\nsubi pendant des d\u00e9cennies des pr\u00e9judices engendr\u00e9s par des<br \/>\npolitiques discriminatoires et s\u00e9gr\u00e9gationnistes, la pire \u00e9tant la<br \/>\ndiscrimination bancaire.<\/p>\n<p>En mars 2021, on annon\u00e7ait qu\u2019un montant de 25 000 $<br \/>\npar m\u00e9nage admissible serait accord\u00e9 pour des r\u00e9parations<br \/>\ndomiciliaires, de l\u2019assistance hypoth\u00e9caire ou des mises de<br \/>\nfond sur hypoth\u00e8que. Les subventions au logement ciblent plus<br \/>\nparticuli\u00e8rement les r\u00e9sidants qui peuvent montrer qu\u2019eux<br \/>\nou leurs anc\u00eatres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 victimes de discrimination bancaire<br \/>\net d\u2019autres pratiques de logement discriminatoires du 20e<br \/>\nsi\u00e8cle dans la ville, qui limitaient les quartiers o\u00f9 les Noirs<br \/>\npouvaient vivre. Les demandeurs admissibles pourraient \u00eatre<br \/>\ndes descendants d\u2019un r\u00e9sidant d\u2019Evanston ayant v\u00e9cu dans<br \/>\nla ville entre 1919 et 1969 ou ils pourraient avoir subi de la<br \/>\ndiscrimination en mati\u00e8re de logement en raison des politiques<br \/>\nde la ville apr\u00e8s 1969.<\/p>\n<p>Cette mesure prise par Chicago (Evanston) \u00e9tablit un<br \/>\npr\u00e9c\u00e9dent pour les r\u00e9parations futures et elle pourra servir de<br \/>\nmod\u00e8le pour favoriser l\u2019avenir de toutes les parties l\u00e9s\u00e9es. Du<br \/>\nmoins, c\u2019est ce que l\u2019on esp\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p>La valeur concr\u00e8te que repr\u00e9sente l\u2019implantation de<br \/>\nprogrammes de r\u00e9paration, notamment sur une grande \u00e9chelle<br \/>\n(nationale), est toujours un sujet br\u00fblant de discussion et de<br \/>\ndialogue tant au Canada qu\u2019aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences et bibliographie<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 http:\/\/www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca\/pdfs\/<br \/>\nresearchbulletins\/11.pdf <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/journals.lib.unb.ca\/index.php\/acadiensis\/article\/<br \/>\nview\/18419\/19899 <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/www.halifax.ca\/about-halifax\/municipal-archives\/<br \/>\nsource-guides\/africville-sources <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca\/fr\/professionals\/housing-<br \/>\nmarkets-data-and-research\/housing-research\/<br \/>\nresearch-reports\/housing-finance\/research-insight-<br \/>\nhomeownership-rate-varies-significantly-race?utm_<br \/>\nmedium=email&#038;utm_source=eblast&#038;utm_<br \/>\ncampaign=housing-research&#038;utm_content=english <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/www.koho.ca\/learn\/redlining-in-canada\/<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/americas-formerly-<\/p>\n<p>redlines-areas-changed-so-must-solutions\/<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-<\/p>\n<p>shots\/2020\/11\/19\/911909187\/in-u-s-cities-the-health-<br \/>\neffects-of-pasthousing-discrimination-are-plain-to-see <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/46-28-<br \/>\n0001\/462800012021001-fra.htm <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/daily-quotidien\/211122\/<br \/>\ndq211122b-fra.htm <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 https:\/\/youtu.be\/HAn1RbPGynY<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/7725225\/chicago-suburb-<\/p>\n<p>evanston-black-reparations\/<br \/>\n\u2022 https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/simon_ives_defeating_<\/p>\n<p>prejudice?utm_source=tedcomshare&#038;utm_<br \/>\nmedium=email&#038;utm_campaign=tedspread  <\/p>\n<p>Notes finales<br \/>\ni Mus\u00e9e canadien pour les droits de la personne : https:\/\/<\/p>\n<p>droitsdelapersonne.ca\/histoire\/lhistoire-dafricville<br \/>\nii Africville: A Story of Environmental Racism : https:\/\/niche-<\/p>\n<p>canada.org\/2021\/02\/17\/africville-a-story-of-environmental-<br \/>\nracism\/#:~:text=By%20the%20second%20half%20<br \/>\nof,pits%2C%20and%20the%20Infectious%20Disease  <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 35Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca\/pdfs\/researchbulletins\/11.pdf<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/journals.lib.unb.ca\/index.php\/acadiensis\/article\/view\/18419\/19899<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.halifax.ca\/about-halifax\/municipal-archives\/source-guides\/africville-sources<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca\/fr\/professionals\/housing-markets-data-and-research\/housing-research\/research-reports\/housing-finance\/research-insight-homeownership-rate-varies-significantly-race?utm_medium=email&#038;utm_source=eblast&#038;utm_campaign=housing-research&#038;utm_content=english<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.koho.ca\/learn\/redlining-in-canada\/<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/americas-formerly-redlines-areas-changed-so-must-solutions\/<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2020\/11\/19\/911909187\/in-u-s-cities-the-health-effects-of-pasthousing-discrimination-are-plain-to-see<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/46-28-0001\/462800012021001-fra.htm<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/daily-quotidien\/211122\/dq211122b-fra.htm<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/HAn1RbPGynY\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"oembed-image\" onclick=\"this.outerHTML='&lt;iframe class=&quot;oembed-iframe&quot; title=&quot;Reparations for anti-Black racism in Canada &mdash; where to begin&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; src=&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HAn1RbPGynY?feature=oembed&amp;autoplay=1&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; allowfullscreen&gt;&lt;\/iframe&gt;';jQuery('.oembed-iframe').each(function() { var _this = jQuery(this), iframeWidth, iframeHeight,iframeAspect;iframeAspect = 9 \/ 16;iframeWidth = _this.parent().width();iframeHeight = iframeWidth * iframeAspect;_this.css('width', iframeWidth);_this.css('height', iframeHeight);});\" alt=\"Reparations for anti-Black racism in Canada \u2014 where to begin\"><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"5BWC51MfcT\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/7725225\/chicago-suburb-evanston-black-reparations\/\">Chicago suburb becomes first U.S. city to pay Black residents reparations over &#8216;redlining&#8217;<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Chicago suburb becomes first U.S. city to pay Black residents reparations over &#8216;redlining&#8217;&#8221; &#8212; Global News\" src=\"https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/7725225\/chicago-suburb-evanston-black-reparations\/embed\/#?secret=qhPFxe1vWR#?secret=5BWC51MfcT\" data-secret=\"5BWC51MfcT\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  title=\"Simon Ives: Defeating Prejudice\" src=\"https:\/\/embed.ted.com\/talks\/simon_ives_defeating_prejudice\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" webkitAllowFullScreen mozallowfullscreen allowFullScreen><\/iframe><br \/>\nhttps:\/\/droitsdelapersonne.ca\/histoire\/lhistoire-dafricville<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/droitsdelapersonne.ca\/histoire\/lhistoire-dafricville<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"UCu7fy9XbF\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/niche-canada.org\/2021\/02\/17\/africville-a-story-of-environmental-racism\/\">Africville: A Story of Environmental Racism<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Africville: A Story of Environmental Racism&#8221; &#8212; NiCHE\" src=\"https:\/\/niche-canada.org\/2021\/02\/17\/africville-a-story-of-environmental-racism\/embed\/#?secret=PTeYzmoKEs#?secret=UCu7fy9XbF\" data-secret=\"UCu7fy9XbF\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Advocacy in Action<\/p>\n<p>ADVOCACY<\/p>\n<p>In this edition of Advocacy in Action, we provide readers with the highlights of 2021 as well as some of the recent activities of 2022 at the national level. With restrictions<br \/>\nloosening around the COVID-19 Pandemic, it<br \/>\nhas been easier in recent months to increase<br \/>\nour advocacy efforts. <\/p>\n<p>Advocacy highlights of 2021<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Held Fourth Annual Parliament Hill<br \/>\nDays (Virtual Meetings)<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Parliament Hill Days allow for the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada (AIC)<br \/>\nAdvocacy Committee to meet with<br \/>\nfederal Members of Parliament over<br \/>\nseveral days. The last time this event<br \/>\nwas held was in February 2020, just<br \/>\nprior to the pandemic. In 2021, this<br \/>\ntook place over a week, albeit in a<br \/>\nvirtual setting.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Approximately 25 meetings with federal<br \/>\nelected and non-elected officials<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 In addition to the meetings that were<br \/>\nheld during the Fourth Annual<br \/>\nParliament Hill Days, the AIC leadership<br \/>\nmet with many other federal officials<br \/>\nover the course of 2021.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Pre-Budget submission to Finance<br \/>\nCommittee and Finance Minister<br \/>\n\u2022 Every year, the Federal Finance Minister <\/p>\n<p>asks for Budget ideas from stakeholders.<br \/>\nThe AIC once again provided a<br \/>\nsubmission to the Finance Minister.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 36 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>ADVOCACY<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Criminal Record Check implementation<br \/>\n\u2022 To ensure we continue to do what <\/p>\n<p>we can to protect the public and<br \/>\nthe integrity of the profession,<br \/>\nthe Advocacy team assisted other<br \/>\nAIC departments in implementing<br \/>\na mandatory Criminal Record<br \/>\nCheck policy for new applicants<br \/>\nand reinstatements.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 AGM messages from Member of<br \/>\nParliament Brad Vis and Member of<br \/>\nParliament (former) Adam Vaughan<br \/>\n(Housing Critics)<br \/>\n\u2022 These messages acknowledged <\/p>\n<p>the important work of appraisers<br \/>\nrelative to the housing market<br \/>\nand demonstrated our increased<br \/>\npresence in Ottawa.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Meetings with CEOs of the Canada<br \/>\nMortgage and Housing Corporation<br \/>\nand Office of the Superintendent of<br \/>\nFinancial Intuitions<br \/>\n\u2022 These marked important milestones <\/p>\n<p>for the AIC as we continue to make<br \/>\nprogress with federal officials.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Federal election engagement<br \/>\n(Push Politics Tool)<br \/>\n\u2022 With the federal election being <\/p>\n<p>launched in the fall of 2020, AIC<br \/>\nprovided Members with a tool to send<br \/>\na letter to their local candidates <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Launch of President\u2019s Council on<br \/>\nEquity, Diversity and Inclusion<br \/>\n\u2022 The Advocacy team assisted other <\/p>\n<p>AIC departments on launching the<br \/>\nAIC President\u2019s Council on Equity,<br \/>\nDiversity and Inclusion in order to<br \/>\nexpand opportunities for aspiring<br \/>\nappraisers and help combat bias and<br \/>\ndiscrimination in the real property<br \/>\nappraisal process.<\/p>\n<p>2022 activities <\/p>\n<p>In February 2022, the AIC made a<br \/>\nPre-Budget submission to the Finance<br \/>\nMinister in February focusing on prudent<br \/>\nunderwriting guidelines that include an<br \/>\nappraisal, issues with over-reliance on<br \/>\nAutomated Valuation Models, the need<br \/>\nto focus on housing supply initiatives, <\/p>\n<p>updating flood maps, and ensuring that<br \/>\nthe proposed Underused Housing Tax is<br \/>\nbased on appropriate property valuation.<\/p>\n<p>Many of these same recommendations<br \/>\nwere discussed with Members of<br \/>\nParliament and government department<br \/>\nofficials leading up to the Budget being<br \/>\ntabled by the Federal Finance Minister.<br \/>\nThese included:<br \/>\n\u2022 The Prime Minister\u2019s Office Advisor  <\/p>\n<p>on Housing<br \/>\n\u2022 Finance Committee Member and NDP <\/p>\n<p>Finance Critic Daniel Blaikie<br \/>\n\u2022 Finance Canada senior officials<br \/>\n\u2022 CMHC senior officials<br \/>\n\u2022 Finance Committee Member and <\/p>\n<p>Conservative Associate Shadow<br \/>\nMinister of Finance and Housing<br \/>\nInflation Dan Albas<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister<br \/>\nof Housing and Diversity and Inclusion<br \/>\n(Housing) Soraya Martinez Ferrada<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Finance Committee Member<br \/>\nand Deputy Shadow Minister for<br \/>\nFinance and Middle Class Prosperity<br \/>\nAdam Chambers<\/p>\n<p>As part of these efforts, the AIC was<br \/>\npleased to see that the federal Budget<br \/>\nincluded many initiatives related to the<br \/>\nhousing market (an entire chapter) and<br \/>\nthat many initiatives were in line with some<br \/>\nof AIC\u2019s recommendations, including:<br \/>\n\u2022 Government\u2019s intention to <\/p>\n<p>create flexibility within federal<br \/>\ninfrastructure programs to tie<br \/>\naccess to infrastructure funding to<br \/>\nactions by provinces, territories, and<br \/>\nmunicipalities to increase housing<br \/>\nsupply where it makes sense to do so.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Introducing a Multi-generational<br \/>\nHome Renovation Tax Credit, which<br \/>\nprovides up to $7,500 for constructing a<br \/>\nsecondary suite.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Provide $4 billion over five years,<br \/>\nstarting in 2022-23, to the Canada<br \/>\nMortgage and Housing Corporation to<br \/>\nlaunch a new Housing Accelerator Fund<br \/>\nto focus on housing supply.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 The government is accelerating by two<br \/>\nyears its commitment to amend the <\/p>\n<p>Canada Business Corporations Act to<br \/>\nimplement a public and searchable<br \/>\nbeneficial ownership registry.<\/p>\n<p>The AIC Advocacy team worked on many<br \/>\nother matters such as:<br \/>\n\u2022 Working with the Financial Services <\/p>\n<p>Regulatory Authority of Ontario on<br \/>\nproviding a webinar on Syndicated<br \/>\nMortgage Regulations, which was<br \/>\noffered to Members on March 11, 2022.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Working with the University of<br \/>\nWaterloo and the University of British<br \/>\nColumbia Sauder School of Business<br \/>\non new material for Members<br \/>\nregarding how to approach properties<br \/>\nfrom a flooding perspective in order<br \/>\nto inform and protect consumers.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Continued relationship building with<br \/>\nindustry stakeholders.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Continued efforts in advocating and<br \/>\npromoting Members interests in<br \/>\ndiscussions with mortgage lenders,<br \/>\nmortgage insurers, Appraisal<br \/>\nManagement Companies, and others.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Renewed efforts in creating<br \/>\nrelationships with non-traditional<br \/>\nappraisal stakeholders to promote<br \/>\nthe services that our Members<br \/>\ncan provide.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Continued support for the<br \/>\nPresident\u2019s Council on Equity,<br \/>\nDiversity and Inclusion.<\/p>\n<p>The AIC Advocacy team has also<br \/>\nrestarted its sponsorship and<br \/>\nattendance at certain industry<br \/>\nconferences and events such as the<br \/>\nCanadian Credit Union Association<br \/>\nConference, the Canadian Housing and<br \/>\nRenewal Association Conference, and<br \/>\nprovincial association AGMs. <\/p>\n<p>There are many more advocacy<br \/>\ninitiatives on the go at the national level,<br \/>\nhowever, this gives you an idea of some<br \/>\nof those on which we have been working.<br \/>\nIf you have any questions or comments<br \/>\non any of these initiatives or any other<br \/>\nadvocacy related matters, please<br \/>\ncontact Andr\u00e9 Hannoush, Director,<br \/>\nPublic Affairs at AIC-National,<br \/>\nandreh@aicanada.ca <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 37Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>mailto:andreh@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>D ans cette \u00e9dition de D\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats en action, nous pr\u00e9sentons aux lecteurs les points forts de 2021 ainsi que<br \/>\ncertaines des activit\u00e9s r\u00e9centes de 2022<br \/>\nau niveau national. Avec l\u2019assouplissement<br \/>\ndes restrictions autour de la pand\u00e9mie de<br \/>\nCOVID-19, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 plus facile ces derniers<br \/>\nmois d\u2019accro\u00eetre nos efforts de d\u00e9fense<br \/>\ndes int\u00e9r\u00eats. <\/p>\n<p>Points forts de la  <\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats en 2021 <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Tenue de la quatri\u00e8me \u00e9dition annuelle<br \/>\ndes Journ\u00e9es sur la Colline du<br \/>\nParlement (r\u00e9unions virtuelles)<br \/>\n\u2022 Les Journ\u00e9es sur la Colline du <\/p>\n<p>Parlement permettent au Comit\u00e9<br \/>\nde d\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\ncanadien des \u00e9valuateurs (ICE) de<br \/>\nrencontrer des d\u00e9put\u00e9s f\u00e9d\u00e9raux<br \/>\npendant plusieurs jours. La derni\u00e8re<br \/>\nfois que cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement a eu lieu,<br \/>\nc\u2019\u00e9tait en f\u00e9vrier 2020, juste avant la<br \/>\npand\u00e9mie. En 2021, cela s\u2019est d\u00e9roul\u00e9<br \/>\nsur une semaine, bien que dans un<br \/>\ncadre virtuel.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Environ 25 r\u00e9unions avec des<br \/>\nrepr\u00e9sentants f\u00e9d\u00e9raux \u00e9lus et non \u00e9lus<br \/>\n\u2022 En plus des r\u00e9unions qui ont eu <\/p>\n<p>lieu lors des quatri\u00e8mes Journ\u00e9es<br \/>\nannuelles sur la Colline du<br \/>\nParlement, les dirigeants de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\nont rencontr\u00e9 de nombreux autres<br \/>\nfonctionnaires f\u00e9d\u00e9raux au cours de<br \/>\nl\u2019ann\u00e9e 2021. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Soumission pr\u00e9-budg\u00e9taire au<br \/>\nComit\u00e9 des finances et \u00e0 la ministre<br \/>\ndes Finance <\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats en action<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Chaque ann\u00e9e, la(le) ministre f\u00e9d\u00e9ral<br \/>\ndes Finances demande aux parties<br \/>\nprenantes de lui soumettre des<br \/>\nid\u00e9es pour le budget. L\u2019ICE a une fois<br \/>\nde plus fourni une soumission \u00e0 la<br \/>\nministre des Finances. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Mise en \u0153uvre de la v\u00e9rification du<br \/>\ncasier judiciaire<br \/>\n\u2022 Afin de s\u2019assurer que nous continuons \u00e0 <\/p>\n<p>faire ce que nous pouvons pour prot\u00e9ger<br \/>\nle public et l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de la profession,<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9quipe de d\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats a aid\u00e9<br \/>\nd\u2019autres services de l\u2019ICE \u00e0 mettre<br \/>\nen \u0153uvre une politique de v\u00e9rification<br \/>\nobligatoire du casier judiciaire pour<br \/>\nles nouveaux membres et ceux qui<br \/>\ndemandent \u00e0 \u00eatre r\u00e9int\u00e9gr\u00e9s. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Messages \u00e0 l\u2019AGA du d\u00e9put\u00e9 Brad Vis<br \/>\net de l\u2019ancien d\u00e9put\u00e9 Adam Vaughan<br \/>\n(critiques en mati\u00e8re de logement)<br \/>\n\u2022 Ces messages ont reconnu le travail <\/p>\n<p>important des \u00e9valuateurs par rapport<br \/>\nau march\u00e9 du logement et ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9<br \/>\nnotre pr\u00e9sence accrue \u00e0 Ottawa.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 R\u00e9unions avec les PDG de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\ncanadienne d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ques et de<br \/>\nlogement et du Bureau du surintendant<br \/>\ndes institutions financi\u00e8res<br \/>\n\u2022 Ces rencontres ont marqu\u00e9 des \u00e9tapes <\/p>\n<p>importantes pour l\u2019ICE alors que nous<br \/>\ncontinuons \u00e0 faire des progr\u00e8s aupr\u00e8s<br \/>\ndes hauts fonctionnaires f\u00e9d\u00e9raux.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Engagement dans les \u00e9lections f\u00e9d\u00e9rales<br \/>\n(outil Push Politics) <\/p>\n<p>D\u00c9FENSE<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 38 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>D\u00c9FENSE<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Avec le lancement des \u00e9lections<br \/>\nf\u00e9d\u00e9rales \u00e0 l\u2019automne 2020, l\u2019ICE a fourni<br \/>\naux membres un outil pour envoyer une<br \/>\nlettre \u00e0 leurs candidats locaux. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Lancement du Conseil du pr\u00e9sident sur<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9, la diversit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusion<br \/>\n\u2022 L\u2019\u00e9quipe de D\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats <\/p>\n<p>a aid\u00e9 d&rsquo;autres services de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\n\u00e0 mettre en place le Conseil du<br \/>\npr\u00e9sident de l\u2019ICE sur l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9, la<br \/>\ndiversit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusion afin d\u2019\u00e9largir<br \/>\nles possibilit\u00e9s pour les \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\nd\u00e9butants et d\u2019aider \u00e0 combattre les<br \/>\npr\u00e9jug\u00e9s et la discrimination dans<br \/>\nle processus d\u2019\u00e9valuation des biens<br \/>\nimmobiliers. <\/p>\n<p>Activit\u00e9s de 2022 <\/p>\n<p>En f\u00e9vrier 2022, l\u2019ICE a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 \u00e0 la<br \/>\nministre des Finances une soumission<br \/>\npr\u00e9budg\u00e9taire ax\u00e9e sur les lignes<br \/>\ndirectrices prudentes en mati\u00e8re de<br \/>\nsouscription qui comprennent une<br \/>\n\u00e9valuation, les probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s \u00e0 la<br \/>\nd\u00e9pendance excessive \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard des<br \/>\nmod\u00e8les d\u2019\u00e9valuation automatis\u00e9s, la<br \/>\nn\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de se concentrer sur les initiatives<br \/>\nd\u2019offre de logements, la mise \u00e0 jour des<br \/>\ncartes des zones inondables et l\u2019assurance<br \/>\nque la taxe sur les logements sous-utilis\u00e9s<br \/>\npropos\u00e9e est fond\u00e9e sur une \u00e9valuation<br \/>\nappropri\u00e9e des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s. <\/p>\n<p>Bon nombre de ces m\u00eames<br \/>\nrecommandations ont \u00e9t\u00e9 discut\u00e9es avec<br \/>\nles d\u00e9put\u00e9s et les repr\u00e9sentants des<br \/>\nminist\u00e8res avant le d\u00e9p\u00f4t du budget par la<br \/>\nministre f\u00e9d\u00e9rale des Finances. Nous en<br \/>\navons discut\u00e9 notamment avec :<br \/>\n\u2022 Le conseiller en mati\u00e8re de logement du <\/p>\n<p>cabinet du Premier ministre<br \/>\n\u2022 Daniel Blaikie, membre du Comit\u00e9 des <\/p>\n<p>finances et porte-parole du NPD en<br \/>\nmati\u00e8re de finances<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Des hauts fonctionnaires de<br \/>\nFinances Canada <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Des hauts fonctionnaires de la SCHL<br \/>\n\u2022 Dan Albas, membre du Comit\u00e9 des <\/p>\n<p>finances et ministre fant\u00f4me associ\u00e9<br \/>\nconservateur des finances et de<br \/>\nl\u2019inflation du logement<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 La secr\u00e9taire parlementaire du<br \/>\nministre du Logement et de la<br \/>\nDiversit\u00e9 et de l\u2019Inclusion (Logement)<br \/>\nSoraya Martinez Ferrada<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Adam Chambers, membre du<br \/>\nComit\u00e9 des finances et ministre<br \/>\nfant\u00f4me adjoint des Finances et de<br \/>\nla Prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 de la classe moyenne<\/p>\n<p>Par suite de ces efforts, l\u2019ICE est fier<br \/>\nde constater que le budget f\u00e9d\u00e9ral<br \/>\ncomprenait de nombreuses initiatives<br \/>\nli\u00e9es au march\u00e9 du logement (un<br \/>\nchapitre entier) et que de nombreuses<br \/>\ninitiatives \u00e9taient conformes \u00e0<br \/>\ncertaines des recommandations de<br \/>\nl\u2019ICE, notamment :<br \/>\n\u2022 L\u2019intention du gouvernement <\/p>\n<p>d\u2019apporter plus de souplesse au sein<br \/>\ndes programmes d\u2019infrastructure<br \/>\nf\u00e9d\u00e9raux afin de lier l\u2019acc\u00e8s au<br \/>\nfinancement de l\u2019infrastructure aux<br \/>\nmesures prises par les provinces,<br \/>\nles territoires et les municipalit\u00e9s<br \/>\npour accro\u00eetre l\u2019offre de logements<br \/>\nlorsqu\u2019il est logique de le faire.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 L\u2019introduction d\u2019un cr\u00e9dit d\u2019imp\u00f4t<br \/>\npour la r\u00e9novation des maisons<br \/>\nmultig\u00e9n\u00e9rationnelles, qui fournit<br \/>\njusqu\u2019\u00e0 7 500 $ pour la construction<br \/>\nd\u2019un logement secondaire.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Fournir 4 milliards de dollars sur<br \/>\ncinq ans, \u00e0 compter de 2022-23, \u00e0 la<br \/>\nSoci\u00e9t\u00e9 canadienne d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ques<br \/>\net de logement pour lancer un<br \/>\nnouveau Fonds d\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration du<br \/>\nlogement qui sera ax\u00e9 sur l\u2019offre<br \/>\nde logements.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Le gouvernement acc\u00e9l\u00e8re de deux<br \/>\nans son engagement \u00e0 modifier la<br \/>\nLoi canadienne sur les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s par<br \/>\nactions afin de mettre en place un<br \/>\nregistre public et consultable de la<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9 effective.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9quipe de d\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats de<br \/>\nl\u2019ICE a travaill\u00e9 sur de nombreux<br \/>\nautres dossiers, tels que :<br \/>\n\u2022 La collaboration avec l\u2019Autorit\u00e9 <\/p>\n<p>ontarienne de r\u00e9glementation des<br \/>\nservices financiers pour offrir un<br \/>\nwebinaire sur la r\u00e9glementation des <\/p>\n<p>pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires syndiqu\u00e9s,<br \/>\nqui a \u00e9t\u00e9 offert aux membres le<br \/>\n11 mars 2022.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Collaboration avec l\u2019Universit\u00e9<br \/>\nde Waterloo et la Sauder School<br \/>\nof Business de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de<br \/>\nla Colombie-Britannique sur du<br \/>\nnouveau mat\u00e9riel pour les membres<br \/>\nconcernant la fa\u00e7on d\u2019aborder les<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9s du point de vue des<br \/>\ninondations afin d\u2019informer et de<br \/>\nprot\u00e9ger les consommateurs.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Poursuite de l\u2019\u00e9tablissement de<br \/>\nrelations avec les intervenants<br \/>\nde l\u2019industrie.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Des efforts continus pour d\u00e9fendre<br \/>\net promouvoir les int\u00e9r\u00eats des<br \/>\nmembres dans les discussions avec<br \/>\nles pr\u00eateurs hypoth\u00e9caires, les<br \/>\nassureurs hypoth\u00e9caires, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s<br \/>\nde gestion des \u00e9valuations et autres.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Efforts renouvel\u00e9s pour cr\u00e9er des<br \/>\nrelations avec les parties prenantes<br \/>\nnon traditionnelles de l\u2019\u00e9valuation<br \/>\nafin de promouvoir les services que<br \/>\nnos membres peuvent fournir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Un soutien continu au Conseil du<br \/>\nPr\u00e9sident sur l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9, la diversit\u00e9<br \/>\net l\u2019inclusion. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9quipe de d\u00e9fense d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eats de l\u2019ICE a<br \/>\n\u00e9galement repris son parrainage et sa<br \/>\nparticipation \u00e0 certaines conf\u00e9rences<br \/>\net \u00e9v\u00e9nements de l\u2019industrie, comme la<br \/>\nconf\u00e9rence de l\u2019Association canadienne<br \/>\ndes coop\u00e9ratives de cr\u00e9dit, la<br \/>\nconf\u00e9rence de l\u2019Association canadienne<br \/>\nd\u2019habitation et de r\u00e9novation urbaine, et<br \/>\nles AGA des associations provinciales.  <\/p>\n<p>Il y a beaucoup d\u2019autres initiatives<br \/>\nde d\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats en cours au<br \/>\nniveau national, cependant, ceci vous<br \/>\ndonne une id\u00e9e de quelques-unes<br \/>\nde celles sur lesquelles nous avons<br \/>\ntravaill\u00e9. Si vous avez des questions<br \/>\nou des commentaires sur l\u2019une de ces<br \/>\ninitiatives ou sur tout autre sujet li\u00e9 \u00e0 la<br \/>\nd\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats, veuillez contacter<br \/>\nAndr\u00e9 Hannoush, directeur des affaires<br \/>\npubliques au bureau national de l\u2019ICE,<br \/>\nandreh@aicanada.ca. <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 39Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>mailto:andreh@aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Expert witness immunity<\/p>\n<p>BY JOHN SHEVCHUK<\/p>\n<p>AACI(Hon), Barrister &#038; Solicitor, C.Arb, RI<\/p>\n<p>LEGAL MATTERS<\/p>\n<p>O n past occasions, I have written about the state of the law in Canada regarding the duty an<br \/>\nappraiser retained as an expert witness<br \/>\nowes to the court, the administrative<br \/>\ntribunal or the arbitral tribunal before<br \/>\nwhich the appraiser appears. I expect<br \/>\nappraisers are well aware by now that an<br \/>\nexpert witness must avoid advocating for<br \/>\nany party in a proceeding. Experts have a<br \/>\nprimary duty to the court or tribunal<br \/>\nto be fair, objective and non-partisan<br \/>\nwhen providing opinion evidence.1<br \/>\nSome jurisdictions in Canada have<br \/>\ncodified this requirement.2 <\/p>\n<p>However, there is another aspect of the<br \/>\nrole of an expert witness that is worthy<br \/>\nof discussion, namely, expert witness<br \/>\nimmunity. Is it possible for an unhappy<br \/>\nlitigant to sue an expert witness in<br \/>\nconnection with the evidence given?<br \/>\nTo what extent is an appraiser protected<br \/>\nfrom claims of breach of contract or<br \/>\nnegligence in the performance of expert<br \/>\nwitness services? Does it matter if the<br \/>\nunhappy litigant is the party that retained<br \/>\nthe expert witness rather than the<br \/>\nopposing party? This issue was recently<br \/>\ncanvassed by the Ontario Superior Court<br \/>\nof Justice in The 6th Line Mofos Limited v.<br \/>\nStewart, 2022 ONSC 520 [Mofos].<\/p>\n<p>The facts and issues in Mofos<\/p>\n<p>In Mofos the relationship of two co-owners<br \/>\nof real estate became litigious and it<br \/>\nwas decided that the buyout mechanism<br \/>\nin their co-tenancy agreement would<br \/>\nbe exercised. The process provided for<br \/>\nthe purchase by one co-owner of the<br \/>\nother co-owner\u2019s interest for 85% of the<br \/>\nappraised value. The co-owners could not<br \/>\nagree on the purchase price and so, under<br \/>\nthe buyout mechanism, each co-owner<br \/>\nobtained an appraisal of the property and<br \/>\nthe end value was to be determined by<br \/>\naveraging the two appraised values. When<br \/>\nthe appraisals were exchanged, Co-owner<br \/>\nA objected to the methodology utilized by<br \/>\nCo-owner B\u2019s appraiser and refused to<br \/>\nclose the transaction. This led to the co-<br \/>\nowners submitting to binding arbitration.<br \/>\nAmong other things, the arbitrator<br \/>\nfound that the appraisal prepared by the<br \/>\nappraiser retained by Co-owner B did not<br \/>\nqualify as an appraisal under the buyout<br \/>\nmechanism, with the result that the lower<br \/>\nappraisal from Co-owner A\u2019s appraiser set<br \/>\nthe price for the buyout. Subsequent to<br \/>\nthe arbitration, both co-owners sued<br \/>\nCo-owner B\u2019s appraiser. Co-owner A<br \/>\nsued the appraiser for the unrecovered<br \/>\ncosts incurred in having to go through the<br \/>\narbitration process. Co-owner B, who had<br \/>\nretained the appraiser, sued the appraiser <\/p>\n<p>for breach of contract, negligence and<br \/>\nbreach of fiduciary duty. In the end, the court<br \/>\nheld in favour of the appraiser. Co-owner A\u2019s<br \/>\nclaim for costs incurred in the arbitration<br \/>\nprocess was dismissed on the basis of<br \/>\nexpert witness immunity. Co-owner B\u2019s<br \/>\nclaim against the appraiser was dismissed<br \/>\nbecause, on the evidence adduced, no<br \/>\nbreach of contract in rendering the expert<br \/>\nwitness services was established.<\/p>\n<p>The case provides an interesting review<br \/>\nof several issues, including the distinction<br \/>\nbetween the duty of care under the law of<br \/>\nnegligence and breach of the obligations of<br \/>\nan appraiser under the Canadian Uniform<br \/>\nStandards of Professional Appraisal<br \/>\nPractice (CUSPAP), the duty of care that<br \/>\nmight be owed by an appraiser to third<br \/>\nparties despite a general disclaimer in<br \/>\nan appraisal report and, the focus of this<br \/>\narticle, expert witness immunity.<\/p>\n<p>Expert witness immunity described<\/p>\n<p>At paragraphs 105 and 106 of Mofos, the<br \/>\ncourt wrote the following:<br \/>\n 105 The doctrine of witness immunity <\/p>\n<p>precludes the bringing of a civil<br \/>\naction based upon harm alleged to be<br \/>\ncaused by a witness\u2019 testimony. It is a<br \/>\nprinciple well-entrenched in our law.<\/p>\n<p> 106 There are various rationales<br \/>\nfor this doctrine: 1) to encourage <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 40 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LEGAL MATTERS<\/p>\n<p>witnesses to testify freely and without<br \/>\nfear of consequences to themselves;<br \/>\n2) to protect witnesses from being<br \/>\nharassed by unjustified claims from<br \/>\ndissatisfied litigants; 3) to prevent a<br \/>\ncollateral attack on issues already<br \/>\ntried, fostering finality in judicial<br \/>\nproceedings; and 4) to encourage<br \/>\nexpert witnesses to testify in judicial<br \/>\nproceedings, so as to protect against<br \/>\na shortage of experts willing to testify<br \/>\nand a resulting rise in cost to retain<br \/>\nexperts for that purpose.<\/p>\n<p>Extent of expert witness immunity<\/p>\n<p>Although expert witness immunity is<br \/>\nwell established, a limited exception to<br \/>\nthe immunity has been recognized<br \/>\nrelated to fees for services rendered<br \/>\nwhere the party retaining the expert<br \/>\nestablishes breach of contract or<br \/>\nnegligence by the expert preparing for<br \/>\nand testifying in the proceeding.<\/p>\n<p>In Mofos, Healey J. referred to the<br \/>\nUnited Kingdom Supreme Court decision<br \/>\nin Jones v. Kaney, [2011] UKSC 13 [Jones]<br \/>\nin which expert witness immunity was <\/p>\n<p>abolished for a party suing its own<br \/>\nexpert in negligence. Healey J. noted<br \/>\nthat Jones is not the law in Canada.  <\/p>\n<p>Healey J. also referred to the<br \/>\ndecision in Paul v. Sasso, 2016 ONSC<br \/>\n7488 [Paul] that illustrates how the<br \/>\nimmunity operates in Canada. In Paul,<br \/>\nthe defendant expert was retained by<br \/>\nthe plaintiff to provide expert evidence<br \/>\nin a share valuation dispute. In the<br \/>\nvaluation trial, the expert\u2019s testimony<br \/>\nwas rejected and adverse findings<br \/>\nregarding the expert\u2019s credibility were<br \/>\nmade by the court. Subsequent to the<br \/>\ntrial, the unhappy client sued the expert<br \/>\nfor negligence and breach of contract<br \/>\nand the expert counterclaimed for<br \/>\nunpaid fees. The client defended against<br \/>\nthe counterclaim by alleging breach of<br \/>\ncontract and negligence on the part of<br \/>\nthe expert when preparing and giving<br \/>\nhis evidence.<\/p>\n<p>The expert brought an application<br \/>\nseeking a) to have the client\u2019s action<br \/>\ndismissed, and b) judgement for unpaid<br \/>\nfees invoiced for services rendered.<br \/>\nThe court dismissed the client\u2019s action <\/p>\n<p>on the ground of expert witness immunity.<br \/>\nHowever, the court held that the client<br \/>\nwas not precluded from alleging breach<br \/>\nof contract on the part of the expert as a<br \/>\ndefence to the claim for unpaid fees.<br \/>\nOn the issue of expert witness immunity,<br \/>\nthe court wrote the following:<br \/>\n 16 Our courts have long held <\/p>\n<p>as a fundamental principle that<br \/>\nwitnesses and parties are entitled to<br \/>\nabsolute immunity from subsequent<br \/>\nliability for their testimony in judicial<br \/>\nproceedings, since the proper<br \/>\nadministration of justice requires<br \/>\nthe full and free participation of<br \/>\nwitnesses unhindered by fear of<br \/>\nretaliatory suits&#8230; The privilege<br \/>\nextends to evidence orally or in<br \/>\nwriting, it includes documents<br \/>\nproperly used and regularly prepared<br \/>\nfor use in the proceedings, and is<br \/>\nnot limited to defamation actions,<br \/>\nbut extends to any action, however<br \/>\nframed&#8230; The privilege has been<br \/>\napplied in particular to expert reports<br \/>\nand evidence given based upon the<br \/>\nreport at trial&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 41Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>LEGAL MATTERS<\/p>\n<p> 17  I can see no principled reason<br \/>\nwhy the privilege should be confined<br \/>\nto adverse witnesses. The policy<br \/>\nof the common law to ensure that<br \/>\nall witnesses are able to give their<br \/>\nevidence free of fear of retaliatory<br \/>\nlaw suits is not diminished when<br \/>\nconsidered from the perspective of<br \/>\na party\u2019s own expert witness. To the<br \/>\ncontrary, the very strong policy of the<br \/>\ncommon law has been that a party\u2019s<br \/>\nown expert must be objective and not<br \/>\nbecome a \u2018hired gun.\u2019 Rule 53.03(2.1)<br \/>\nof the Rules of Civil Procedure<br \/>\nrequires an expert to certify his or<br \/>\nher understanding of the duties of<br \/>\nan expert.<\/p>\n<p>With respect to the counterclaim, the<br \/>\ncourt stated:<br \/>\n 34 It is clear that the breaches <\/p>\n<p>of duty alleged by the plaintiffs<br \/>\n(defendants by counterclaim) go to<br \/>\nthe root of the retainer of [expert].<br \/>\nI am of the view that witness immunity<br \/>\ncan properly be used as a shield<br \/>\nby [expert] to avert liability on the<br \/>\nplaintiff\u2019s claim, but cannot be used<br \/>\nas a sword by [expert] to preclude<br \/>\nthe Pauls from defending [expert\u2019s]<br \/>\ncounterclaim on the basis of the<br \/>\nalleged breaches of contract and<br \/>\nnegligence. The policy grounds that<br \/>\nprevent the plaintiffs from suing their<br \/>\nown expert witness for consequential<br \/>\ndamages are of no application to<br \/>\ndefending a claim for professional<br \/>\nfees brought by an expert witness&#8230;<br \/>\nIf properly demonstrated, these<br \/>\nbreaches may well provide a defence<br \/>\nto some or all of the damages claimed<br \/>\nby [expert].<\/p>\n<p>In Halpern v. Morris, 2016 ONSC 7855<br \/>\nat paragraph 32, the court observed that<br \/>\nthe extent of expert witness immunity is<br \/>\nuncertain, based on present case law.<br \/>\nIt seems clear that claims against an<br \/>\nexpert witness for consequential damages<br \/>\narising from the expert\u2019s evidence will be<br \/>\nprevented by expert witness immunity, but<br \/>\ncourts will resist applying the immunity <\/p>\n<p>to situations where the party retaining<br \/>\nthat expert attempts to hold the expert<br \/>\nto account for breach of contract or<br \/>\nfor negligence in the performance of<br \/>\nexpert witness services. At paragraph<br \/>\n33 in Halpern, the court alluded to the<br \/>\nproblems that could arise if the immunity<br \/>\nis extended absolutely between client<br \/>\nand expert:<br \/>\n 33 If the conclusion, reached by <\/p>\n<p>the Deputy Judge in this case, is<br \/>\ncorrect, its logical extension would<br \/>\nbe that an expert could not be sued<br \/>\nby her\/his client, even if the expert<br \/>\nmanifestly failed to properly perform<br \/>\ntheir duties as an expert. Suppose,<br \/>\nfor example, an expert ignored a<br \/>\nbasic principle applicable to their<br \/>\nexpertise and thus rendered a<br \/>\nreport, and provided evidence, that<br \/>\nwas useless to the parties and to the<br \/>\ncourt. Should the person who paid<br \/>\nfor that work be denied the right to<br \/>\nrecover the fees? Similarly, suppose<br \/>\nit could be demonstrated that the<br \/>\nexpert fraudulently inflated the hours<br \/>\nthat they spent, and consequently<br \/>\ntheir fees, for the work done. Should<br \/>\nthe person who paid for that work<br \/>\nbe denied the right to recover the<br \/>\nfess, or at least the overpayment?<br \/>\nIt does not seem to me that any of<br \/>\nthe justifications offered in support<br \/>\nof expert witness immunity would<br \/>\njustify such a result. As Lord Kerr<br \/>\nsaid, in his concurring reasons, in<br \/>\nJones v. Kaney, at para. 88:<\/p>\n<p>       It has not been disputed that an<br \/>\nexpert witness owes a duty to the<br \/>\nclient by whom he has been retained.<br \/>\nBreach of that duty should, in the<br \/>\nnormal course, give rise to a remedy.<\/p>\n<p>In other words, an expert cannot be<br \/>\nsued by an opposing party in a lawsuit<br \/>\nor by the party retaining the expert for<br \/>\nlosses arising out of the rendering of the<br \/>\nexpert witness services, but nor can the<br \/>\nexpert successfully claim for unpaid fees<br \/>\nif there has been a breach of contract<br \/>\nor negligence in the performance of <\/p>\n<p>expert witness services and the client can<br \/>\nmaintain a lawsuit to recover fees paid in<br \/>\nsuch circumstances. The court in Mofos at<br \/>\nparagraph 128 wrote to similar effect:<br \/>\n 128 These cases lead me to conclude <\/p>\n<p>that expert witness immunity remains<br \/>\nintact in Canadian law. It bars a suit<br \/>\nagainst an adverse expert witness for<br \/>\nconsequential damages arising from<br \/>\nthat expert\u2019s report and\/or testimony,<br \/>\nabsolutely. With respect to a litigant\u2019s<br \/>\nown expert, the only \u2018crack\u2019 in that<br \/>\nimmunity may be for claims for an<br \/>\nexpert\u2019s fees.<\/p>\n<p>Closing<\/p>\n<p>As the law stands in Canada, it appears that:<br \/>\na. expert witness immunity arises <\/p>\n<p>upon an appraiser\u2019s engagement to<br \/>\nprovide expert witness services;<\/p>\n<p>b. under the immunity, an expert<br \/>\nwitness cannot be sued for<br \/>\nconsequential damages a party to<br \/>\nlitigation suffers from the expert\u2019s<br \/>\ntestimony; and<\/p>\n<p>c. the party retaining the expert<br \/>\nwitness may resist paying the expert<br \/>\nfor services rendered or recover<br \/>\npayment for such services if the<br \/>\nexpert breached a contractual duty<br \/>\nor was negligent in the performance<br \/>\nof the expert witness services.<\/p>\n<p>End notes<br \/>\n1 White Burgess Langille Inman v. Abbott <\/p>\n<p>and Haliburton Co., 2015 SCC 23<br \/>\n2 See for example British Columbia <\/p>\n<p>Supreme Court Civil Rules, B.C. Reg.<br \/>\n168\/2009, Rule 11-2; Ontario Rules of<br \/>\nCivil Procedure, R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 194,<br \/>\nRule 4.1.01; Civil Procedure Rules of<br \/>\nNova Scotia, Rule 55.04, Arbitration Act,<br \/>\nSBC 2020, c. 2 section 35<\/p>\n<p>This article is provided for the purposes of<br \/>\ngenerating discussion. It is not to be taken<br \/>\nas legal advice. Any questions arising from<br \/>\nthis article in particular circumstances<br \/>\nshould be put to qualified legal and<br \/>\nappraisal practitioners. <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 42 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>PAR JOHN SHEVCHUK<\/p>\n<p>AACI(Hon), avocat, C.Arb, RI<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019immunit\u00e9<br \/>\ndu t\u00e9moin expert<\/p>\n<p>QUESTIONS JURIDIQUES<\/p>\n<p>J \u2019ai d\u00e9j\u00e0 eu l\u2019occasion d\u2019\u00e9crire \u00e0 propos de l\u2019\u00e9tat du droit au Canada concernant le devoir qui incombe \u00e0 un \u00e9valuateur retenu<br \/>\ncomme t\u00e9moin expert envers la cour, le<br \/>\ntribunal administratif ou le tribunal arbitral<br \/>\navant d\u2019y compara\u00eetre. Je m\u2019attends \u00e0 ce<br \/>\nque les \u00e9valuateurs soient bien conscients<br \/>\nque de nos jours, un t\u00e9moin expert doit<br \/>\n\u00e9viter de d\u00e9fendre les int\u00e9r\u00eats de l\u2019une ou<br \/>\nl\u2019autre partie lors d\u2019une proc\u00e9dure.<br \/>\nLe devoir principal d\u2019un expert devant<br \/>\nla cour ou le tribunal est de se montrer<br \/>\n\u00e9quitable, objectif et impartial quand il<br \/>\nfournit une preuve sous forme d\u2019opinion.1<br \/>\nCertains champs de comp\u00e9tence au<br \/>\nCanada ont codifi\u00e9 cette exigence.2<\/p>\n<p>Toutefois, une autre facette du r\u00f4le<br \/>\nde t\u00e9moin expert vaut la peine qu\u2019on en<br \/>\ndiscute, soit l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin expert.<br \/>\nEst-il possible qu\u2019un plaideur malheureux<br \/>\npoursuive un t\u00e9moin expert relativement<br \/>\n\u00e0 la preuve donn\u00e9e ? Dans quelle mesure<br \/>\nun \u00e9valuateur est-il prot\u00e9g\u00e9 contre les<br \/>\nr\u00e9clamations pour rupture de contrat ou<br \/>\npour n\u00e9gligence dans la prestation de<br \/>\nservices de t\u00e9moin expert ? Cela importe-<br \/>\nt-il si le plaideur malheureux est la partie<br \/>\nqui a obtenu les services du t\u00e9moin<br \/>\nexpert plut\u00f4t que la partie adverse ? Cette<br \/>\nquestion a r\u00e9cemment fait l\u2019objet d\u2019un<br \/>\nexamen de la Cour sup\u00e9rieure de justice de <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019Ontario dans The 6th Line Mofos Limited<br \/>\nv. Stewart, 2022 ONSC 520 [Mofos].<\/p>\n<p>Les faits et les enjeux dans Mofos<\/p>\n<p>Dans Mofos, la relation de deux<br \/>\ncopropri\u00e9taires d\u2019immobilier est devenue<br \/>\nlitigieuse et on a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 que le m\u00e9canisme<br \/>\nde rachat de leur accord de cotenance<br \/>\nserait exerc\u00e9. Le processus pr\u00e9voyait le<br \/>\nrachat par un copropri\u00e9taire de l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat<br \/>\nde l\u2019autre copropri\u00e9taire, pour 85 % de<br \/>\nla valeur estimative. Les copropri\u00e9taires<br \/>\nn\u2019ont pu s\u2019entendre sur le prix de rachat et<br \/>\ndonc, en vertu du m\u00e9canisme de rachat,<br \/>\nchacun a obtenu une \u00e9valuation de la<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9 et la valeur finale devait \u00eatre<br \/>\nd\u00e9termin\u00e9e en faisant la moyenne des<br \/>\ndeux valeurs estimatives. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9change<br \/>\ndes \u00e9valuations, le copropri\u00e9taire A<br \/>\ns\u2019est object\u00e9 \u00e0 la m\u00e9thodologie utilis\u00e9e<br \/>\npar l\u2019\u00e9valuateur du copropri\u00e9taire B et<br \/>\na refus\u00e9 de clore la transaction. Cela a<br \/>\nmen\u00e9 les copropri\u00e9taires \u00e0 se soumettre<br \/>\n\u00e0 un arbitrage contraignant. Entre autres<br \/>\nchoses, l\u2019arbitre a conclu que l\u2019\u00e9valuation<br \/>\npr\u00e9par\u00e9e par l\u2019\u00e9valuateur retenu par<br \/>\nle copropri\u00e9taire B ne se qualifiait pas<br \/>\ncomme \u00e9valuation selon le m\u00e9canisme<br \/>\nde rachat, avec pour r\u00e9sultat que<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9valuation plus basse de l\u2019\u00e9valuateur<br \/>\ndu copropri\u00e9taire A est devenue le prix<br \/>\nde rachat. Suite \u00e0 l\u2019arbitrage, les deux <\/p>\n<p>copropri\u00e9taires ont poursuivi l\u2019\u00e9valuateur<br \/>\ndu copropri\u00e9taire B. Le copropri\u00e9taire A a<br \/>\npoursuivi l\u2019\u00e9valuateur pour ses frais non<br \/>\nrecouvr\u00e9s encourus pour avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 forc\u00e9<br \/>\nde traverser le processus d\u2019arbitrage.<br \/>\nLe copropri\u00e9taire B, qui avait embauch\u00e9<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9valuateur, a poursuivi l\u2019\u00e9valuateur<br \/>\npour rupture de contrat, n\u00e9gligence et<br \/>\nviolation de devoir fiducial. \u00c0 la fin, la<br \/>\ncour a tranch\u00e9 en faveur de l\u2019\u00e9valuateur.<br \/>\nLa r\u00e9clamation du copropri\u00e9taire A pour<br \/>\nses frais encourus dans le processus<br \/>\nd\u2019arbitrage a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9e en raison<br \/>\nde l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin expert. La<br \/>\nr\u00e9clamation du copropri\u00e9taire B contre<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9valuateur a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9e parce que dans<br \/>\nle t\u00e9moignage re\u00e7u, aucune rupture de<br \/>\ncontrat dans la prestation des services du<br \/>\nt\u00e9moin expert n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie.<\/p>\n<p>Ce cas permet un examen int\u00e9ressant<br \/>\nde plusieurs enjeux, incluant la distinction<br \/>\nentre le devoir de diligence selon le droit de<br \/>\nla n\u00e9gligence et la violation des obligations<br \/>\nd\u2019un \u00e9valuateur en vertu des Normes<br \/>\nuniformes de pratique professionnelle en<br \/>\nmati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9valuation au Canada (NUPPEC),<br \/>\nle devoir de diligence qui pourrait \u00eatre d\u00fb<br \/>\npar un \u00e9valuateur \u00e0 des tierces parties,<br \/>\nmalgr\u00e9 une d\u00e9n\u00e9gation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de<br \/>\nresponsabilit\u00e9 contenue dans un rapport<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation et, le point de mire de cet<br \/>\narticle, l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin expert.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 43Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>QUESTIONS JURIDIQUES<\/p>\n<p>Description de l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du  <\/p>\n<p>t\u00e9moin expert<\/p>\n<p>Aux paragraphes 105 et 106 de Mofos, la<br \/>\ncour \u00e9crivait ce qui suit :<br \/>\n 105 La doctrine de l\u2019immunit\u00e9 des <\/p>\n<p>t\u00e9moins emp\u00eache de d\u00e9clencher<br \/>\nune action au civil fond\u00e9e sur un<br \/>\npr\u00e9judice pr\u00e9tendument caus\u00e9 par<br \/>\nle t\u00e9moignage d\u2019un t\u00e9moin. C\u2019est un<br \/>\nprincipe bien inscrit dans notre droit.<\/p>\n<p> 106  Cette doctrine repose sur<br \/>\ndiverses raisons : 1) encourager<br \/>\nles t\u00e9moins \u00e0 t\u00e9moigner librement,<br \/>\nsans crainte des cons\u00e9quences pour<br \/>\neux-m\u00eames; 2) prot\u00e9ger les t\u00e9moins<br \/>\ncontre les r\u00e9clamations injustifi\u00e9es<br \/>\net harcelantes de la part de plaideurs<br \/>\ninsatisfaits; 3) pr\u00e9venir un attaque<br \/>\nindirecte sur des questions d\u00e9j\u00e0<br \/>\njug\u00e9es, favorisant le caract\u00e8re<br \/>\nd\u00e9finitif d\u2019une proc\u00e9dure judiciaire;<br \/>\net 4) encourager les t\u00e9moins<br \/>\nexperts \u00e0 t\u00e9moigner dans une<br \/>\nproc\u00e9dure judiciaire afin d\u2019assurer<br \/>\nune protection contre une p\u00e9nurie<br \/>\nd\u2019experts d\u00e9sireux de t\u00e9moigner<br \/>\net contre les frais plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s qui<br \/>\ns\u2019ensuivraient pour retenir des<br \/>\nexperts \u00e0 cette fin.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9tendue de l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du  <\/p>\n<p>t\u00e9moin expert<\/p>\n<p>M\u00eame si l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin expert<br \/>\nest bien \u00e9tablie, une exception limit\u00e9e \u00e0 <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019immunit\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnue relativement<br \/>\naux honoraires pour services rendus<br \/>\nlorsque la partie retenant l\u2019expert \u00e9tablit<br \/>\nune rupture de contrat ou une n\u00e9gligence<br \/>\nde la part de l\u2019expert qui se pr\u00e9pare et qui<br \/>\nt\u00e9moigne dans une proc\u00e9dure.<\/p>\n<p>Dans Mofos, Healey J. \u00e9voquait la<br \/>\nd\u00e9cision de la Cour supr\u00eame du Royaume-<br \/>\nUni dans Jones v. Kaney, [2011] UKSC<br \/>\n13 [Jones], o\u00f9 l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin<br \/>\nexpert fut abolie pour une partie qui<br \/>\npoursuivait son propre expert pour cause<br \/>\nde n\u00e9gligence. Healey J. remarquait que<br \/>\nJones n\u2019a pas force de loi au Canada.<\/p>\n<p>Healey J. \u00e9voquait \u00e9galement la<br \/>\nd\u00e9cision dans Paul v. Sasso, 2016 ONSC<br \/>\n7488 [Paul], qui montre comment<br \/>\nl\u2019immunit\u00e9 fonctionne au Canada.<br \/>\nDans Paul, l\u2019expert de la d\u00e9fense fut<br \/>\nretenu par le plaignant pour fournir<br \/>\nune preuve d\u2019expert dans un diff\u00e9rend<br \/>\nsur une \u00e9valuation partag\u00e9e. Lors du<br \/>\nproc\u00e8s sur l\u2019\u00e9valuation, la cour rejeta le<br \/>\nt\u00e9moignage de l\u2019expert et prit une d\u00e9cision<br \/>\nd\u00e9favorable sur sa cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9. Apr\u00e8s le<br \/>\nproc\u00e8s, le client malheureux poursuivit<br \/>\nl\u2019expert pour n\u00e9gligence et rupture de<br \/>\ncontrat et l\u2019expert d\u00e9posa une demande<br \/>\nreconventionnelle pour frais impay\u00e9s.<br \/>\nLe client se d\u00e9fendit contre la demande<br \/>\nreconventionnelle en all\u00e9guant la rupture<br \/>\nde contrat et la n\u00e9gligence de la part de<br \/>\nl\u2019expert lorsqu\u2019il se pr\u00e9para et qu\u2019il fournit<br \/>\nsa preuve.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019expert d\u00e9posa la demande suivante :<br \/>\na) rejet de l\u2019action du client; et b) jugement<br \/>\npour ses frais impay\u00e9s factur\u00e9s pour<br \/>\nservices rendus. La cour rejeta l\u2019action du<br \/>\nclient en raison de l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin<br \/>\nexpert. Cependant, la cour consid\u00e9rait<br \/>\nque le client ne pouvait \u00eatre emp\u00each\u00e9<br \/>\nd\u2019all\u00e9guer une rupture de contrat de la<br \/>\npart de son expert en tant que d\u00e9fense<br \/>\ncontre la r\u00e9clamation pour frais impay\u00e9s.<br \/>\nSur la question de l\u2019immunit\u00e9 des t\u00e9moins<br \/>\nexperts, la cour \u00e9crivait ce qui suit :<br \/>\n 16 Nos tribunaux tiennent depuis <\/p>\n<p>longtemps comme principe de base<br \/>\nque les t\u00e9moins et les parties ont<br \/>\ndroit \u00e0 l\u2019immunit\u00e9 absolue contre la<br \/>\nresponsabilit\u00e9 subs\u00e9quente \u00e0 leur<br \/>\nt\u00e9moignage dans une proc\u00e9dure<br \/>\njudiciaire, puisque la bonne<br \/>\nadministration de la justice requiert<br \/>\nla participation pleine et enti\u00e8re de<br \/>\nt\u00e9moins non entrav\u00e9s par la crainte<br \/>\nde poursuites de repr\u00e9sailles\u2026<br \/>\nLe privil\u00e8ge s\u2019\u00e9tend \u00e0 la preuve donn\u00e9e<br \/>\noralement ou par \u00e9crit, il inclut les<br \/>\ndocuments utilis\u00e9s ad\u00e9quatement<br \/>\net pr\u00e9par\u00e9s r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement pour<br \/>\nusage dans les proc\u00e9dures et ne se<br \/>\nlimite pas aux actions en diffamation,<br \/>\nmais touche toute action, quelle<br \/>\nqu\u2019en soit la forme\u2026 Le privil\u00e8ge<br \/>\ns\u2019est particuli\u00e8rement appliqu\u00e9 aux<br \/>\nrapports d\u2019experts et \u00e0 la preuve<br \/>\ndonn\u00e9e \u00e0 partir desdits rapport lors<br \/>\ndes proc\u00e8s\u2026<\/p>\n<p> 17  Je ne vois aucune raison de<br \/>\nprincipe pour laquelle le privil\u00e8ge<br \/>\ndevrait se limiter aux t\u00e9moins<br \/>\noppos\u00e9s. La politique de droit<br \/>\ncommun pour assurer que tous les<br \/>\nt\u00e9moins puissent fournir leur preuve<br \/>\nsans craindre d\u2019\u00eatre poursuivis par<br \/>\nmesure de repr\u00e9sailles n\u2019est pas<br \/>\nmoindre quand on la consid\u00e8re du<br \/>\npoint de vue du propre t\u00e9moin expert<br \/>\nd\u2019une partie. Au contraire, la politique<br \/>\ntr\u00e8s solide du droit commun a \u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\nque le propre expert d\u2019une partie<br \/>\ndoive \u00eatre objectif et ne pas devenir<br \/>\nun \u2039 mercenaire \u203a. Rule 53.03(2.1) of <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 44 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>QUESTIONS JURIDIQUES<\/p>\n<p>the Rules of Civil Procedure requiert<br \/>\nqu\u2019un expert certifie comprendre les<br \/>\nresponsabilit\u00e9s d\u2019un expert.<\/p>\n<p>En ce qui touche la demande<br \/>\nreconventionnelle, la cour d\u00e9clarait :<br \/>\n 34 Il est clair que les manquements <\/p>\n<p>\u00e0 une obligation all\u00e9gu\u00e9s par les<br \/>\nplaignants (d\u00e9fendeurs par demande<br \/>\nreconventionnelle) vont \u00e0 la racine de<br \/>\nl\u2019avance sur salaire de [l\u2019expert]. Je<br \/>\nsuis d\u2019avis que l\u2019immunit\u00e9 de l\u2019expert<br \/>\npeut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e correctement par<br \/>\n[l\u2019expert] comme bouclier pour \u00e9viter<br \/>\nla responsabilit\u00e9 dans la r\u00e9clamation<br \/>\ndu plaignant, mais ne peut servir<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9p\u00e9e \u00e0 [l\u2019expert] pour emp\u00eacher les<br \/>\nPaul de se d\u00e9fendre contre la demande<br \/>\nreconventionnelle de [l\u2019expert] sur<br \/>\nla base de pr\u00e9tendues ruptures de<br \/>\ncontrat et de n\u00e9gligence. Les motifs de<br \/>\nla politique emp\u00eachant les plaignants<br \/>\nde poursuivre leur propre t\u00e9moin<br \/>\nexpert pour pertes indirectes ne<br \/>\ns\u2019appliquent pas \u00e0 la d\u00e9fense contre<br \/>\nune r\u00e9clamation pour honoraires<br \/>\nprofessionnels d\u00e9pos\u00e9e par un t\u00e9moin<br \/>\nexpert\u2026 Si elles sont correctement<br \/>\nd\u00e9montr\u00e9es, ces ruptures peuvent<br \/>\nbien fournir une d\u00e9fense contre une<br \/>\npartie ou la totalit\u00e9 des dommages<br \/>\nr\u00e9clam\u00e9s par [l\u2019expert].<\/p>\n<p>Dans Halpern v. Morris, 2016 ONSC 7855,<br \/>\nparagraphe 32, le tribunal remarquait<br \/>\nque l\u2019\u00e9tendue de l\u2019immunit\u00e9 d\u2019un<br \/>\nt\u00e9moin expert est incertaine, selon la<br \/>\njurisprudence actuelle. Il semble clair<br \/>\nque les r\u00e9clamations contre un t\u00e9moin<br \/>\nexpert pour pertes indirectes d\u00e9coulant<br \/>\nde la preuve donn\u00e9e par l\u2019expert seront<br \/>\nimpossibles en raison de l\u2019immunit\u00e9<br \/>\ndu t\u00e9moin expert, mais les tribunaux<br \/>\nh\u00e9siteront \u00e0 appliquer l\u2019immunit\u00e9 \u00e0 des<br \/>\nsituations o\u00f9 la partie retenant cet expert<br \/>\ntente de le tenir responsable pour rupture<br \/>\nde contrat ou pour n\u00e9gligence dans la<br \/>\nprestation de ses services de t\u00e9moin<br \/>\nexpert. Au paragraphe 33 de Halpern, le<br \/>\ntribunal faisait allusion aux probl\u00e8mes qui<br \/>\npourraient survenir si l\u2019immunit\u00e9 s\u2019\u00e9tend<br \/>\nabsolument entre client et expert :<\/p>\n<p> 33 Si la conclusion atteinte par<br \/>\nle juge suppl\u00e9ant dans ce cas est<br \/>\ncorrecte, son prolongement logique<br \/>\nvoudrait qu\u2019un expert ne pourrait<br \/>\npas \u00eatre poursuivi par son client,<br \/>\nm\u00eame si l\u2019expert a manifestement<br \/>\n\u00e9chou\u00e9 \u00e0 remplir correctement ses<br \/>\nfonctions \u00e0 titre d\u2019expert. Supposons,<br \/>\npar exemple, qu\u2019un expert ait ignor\u00e9<br \/>\nle principe de base applicable \u00e0<br \/>\nson expertise et ait ainsi produit un<br \/>\nrapport et fourni la preuve, cela fut<br \/>\ninutile pour les parties et pour la cour.<br \/>\nLa personne qui a pay\u00e9 pour ce travail<br \/>\ndevrait-elle se voir nier le droit de<br \/>\nrecouvrer les honoraires ? Dans le<br \/>\nm\u00eame ordre d\u2019id\u00e9es, supposons que<br \/>\nl\u2019on puisse d\u00e9montrer que l\u2019expert ait<br \/>\nfrauduleusement gonfl\u00e9 le nombre<br \/>\nd\u2019heures pass\u00e9es sur le cas et, par<br \/>\ncons\u00e9quent, ses honoraires pour le<br \/>\ntravail effectu\u00e9. La personne qui a<br \/>\npay\u00e9 pour ce travail devrait-elle se<br \/>\nvoir nier le droit de recouvrer les<br \/>\nhonoraires ou du moins le trop-<br \/>\npay\u00e9 ? Il ne me semble pas que<br \/>\nles arguments donn\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019appui de<br \/>\nl\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin expert justifient<br \/>\nun tel r\u00e9sultat. Comme Lord Kerr<br \/>\ndisait dans ses motifs concordants,<br \/>\ndans Jones v. Kaney, paragraphe 88 :<\/p>\n<p>       Il n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 contest\u00e9 que le t\u00e9moin<br \/>\nexpert a un devoir envers le client qui a<br \/>\nretenu ses services. Le manquement \u00e0<br \/>\nce devoir devrait normalement donner<br \/>\nlieu \u00e0 un recours.<\/p>\n<p>En d\u2019autres mots, un expert ne peut pas<br \/>\n\u00eatre poursuivi par une partie adverse<br \/>\ndans une action en justice ou par la<br \/>\npartie retenant l\u2019expert pour des pertes<br \/>\nd\u00e9coulant de la prestation des services<br \/>\nde t\u00e9moin expert; par ailleurs, l\u2019expert<br \/>\nne peut pas non plus r\u00e9clamer avec<br \/>\nsucc\u00e8s des honoraires impay\u00e9s s\u2019il y a eu<br \/>\nrupture de contrat ou n\u00e9gligence dans la<br \/>\nprestation des services de t\u00e9moin expert<br \/>\net si le client peut maintenir une action<br \/>\nen justice pour recouvrer les honoraires<br \/>\npay\u00e9s dans de telles circonstances. Dans<br \/>\nMofos, paragraphe 128, la cour exprimait <\/p>\n<p>une opinion similaire :<br \/>\n 128 Ces cas m\u2019am\u00e8nent \u00e0 conclure  <\/p>\n<p>que l\u2019immunit\u00e9 des t\u00e9moins experts<br \/>\ndemeure intacte dans le droit canadien.<br \/>\nElle emp\u00eache une poursuite contre un<br \/>\nt\u00e9moin expert pour pertes indirectes<br \/>\nd\u00e9coulant du rapport et\/ou du<br \/>\nt\u00e9moignage de cet expert, absolument.<br \/>\nEn ce qui concerne le propre expert<br \/>\nd\u2019un plaideur, la seule \u2039 fissure \u203a dans<br \/>\ncette immunit\u00e9 peut \u00eatre pour les<br \/>\nr\u00e9clamations des honoraires d\u2019un expert.<\/p>\n<p>Conclusion<\/p>\n<p>Tel que le droit existe au Canada,<br \/>\nil semble que :<\/p>\n<p>a. l\u2019immunit\u00e9 du t\u00e9moin expert entre en<br \/>\njeu lorsque qu\u2019un \u00e9valuateur s\u2019engage<br \/>\n\u00e0 fournir des services de t\u00e9moin expert;<\/p>\n<p>b. dans le cadre de cette immunit\u00e9,<br \/>\nun t\u00e9moin expert ne peut pas \u00eatre<br \/>\npoursuivi pour pertes indirectes<br \/>\nsubies par une partie au litige \u00e0<br \/>\ncause du t\u00e9moignage de l\u2019expert; et<\/p>\n<p>c. la partie ayant retenu le t\u00e9moin expert<br \/>\npeut \u00eatre r\u00e9ticente \u00e0 le payer pour<br \/>\nservices rendus ou vouloir recouvrer<br \/>\nle paiement pour de tels services, si<br \/>\nl\u2019expert a viol\u00e9 un devoir contractuel ou<br \/>\ns\u2019il a \u00e9t\u00e9 n\u00e9gligent dans la prestation<br \/>\nde ses services de t\u00e9moin expert.<\/p>\n<p>Notes finales<br \/>\n1 White Burgess Langille Inman c. Abbott <\/p>\n<p>and Haliburton Co., 2015 SCC 23<br \/>\n2 Voir, par exemple, Colombie Britannique :  <\/p>\n<p>Supreme Court Civil Rules, B.C. Reg.<br \/>\n168\/2009, Rule 11-2; Ontario : R\u00e8gles de<br \/>\nproc\u00e9dure civile, RRO 1990, R\u00e8glement<br \/>\n194, R\u00e8gle 4.1.01; Civil Procedure Rules<br \/>\nof Nova Scotia, Rule 55.04, Arbitration<br \/>\nAct, SBC 2020, chapitre 2 article 35<\/p>\n<p>Cet article est fourni dans le but de<br \/>\ng\u00e9n\u00e9rer la discussion. Il ne doit pas \u00eatre<br \/>\nconsid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un avis juridique. Les<br \/>\nquestions soulev\u00e9es par l\u2019article dans<br \/>\ndes circonstances donn\u00e9es doivent \u00eatre<br \/>\nsoumises \u00e0 des praticiens qualifi\u00e9s du<br \/>\ndroit et de l\u2019\u00e9valuation. <\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 45Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Alexe Pelley, Candidate Member <\/p>\n<p>The opportunity to expand my knowledge and<br \/>\nskillset comes from experience and I believe each<br \/>\nappraisal assignment provides opportunities to<br \/>\ngrow that knowledge.<\/p>\n<p>THE FUTURE IS BRIGHT<\/p>\n<p>What is your educational background and  <\/p>\n<p>work experience? <\/p>\n<p>Prior to my interest in the appraisal industry, I completed<br \/>\nmy Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) at Memorial<br \/>\nUniversity in 2015. At that time, I entered the financial industry<br \/>\nand went on to complete my Canadian Investment Funds Course.<br \/>\nI was employed at a financial institution for two years before<br \/>\nrealizing that a financial career was not for me. It was then I<br \/>\ndecided to complete the Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC)<br \/>\nCanadian Residential Appraisal (CRA) program through the<br \/>\nUniversity of British Columbia (UBC). I had completed my BBA<br \/>\nbefore enrolling in UBC and was able to transfer over a number<br \/>\nof my applicable courses. While completing the CRA program by<br \/>\ndistance, I was able to work both full- and part-time in the airline<br \/>\nindustry, which provided flexibility with my course load. Towards<br \/>\nthe end of my CRA program, I began shadowing my father at<br \/>\nhis company, Brent Pelley Appraisals, where I am currently a<br \/>\nCandidate working as a residential property fee appraiser.  <\/p>\n<p>What motivated you to choose the appraisal profession?<\/p>\n<p>I can thank my father, Brent Pelley, for introducing me to real<br \/>\nestate appraisal as a career. He has been a successful AIC<br \/>\nMember for over 40 years. I remember as a little girl waking up<br \/>\non Saturday mornings, hopping into the truck with my Dad, and<br \/>\nhitting the road for an inspection. If I held the measuring tape,<br \/>\nI would get a Happy Meal. Now that is motivation. I guess you<br \/>\ncould say that the appraisal industry was always something<br \/>\nthat sparked my interest to the point where I knew it was a<br \/>\ncareer I was going to pursue. <\/p>\n<p>What is your current position with Brent Pelley Appraisals <\/p>\n<p>and what does your job entail?<\/p>\n<p>Since my candidacy, I have been working with the company as<br \/>\na fee appraiser. My job entails completing residential property<br \/>\nappraisals, as well as bookkeeping and administration duties. As a<br \/>\nCandidate Member, tasked with completing residential appraisals,<br \/>\nmy job requires accepting assignments, performing on-site<br \/>\ninspections, and completing reports for clients in a timely manner. <\/p>\n<p>What do you enjoy most about working in <\/p>\n<p>the real estate valuation profession?<\/p>\n<p>I would say it is the fact that each assignment<br \/>\nis different from the next. The opportunity<br \/>\nto expand my knowledge and skillset<br \/>\ncomes from experience and I believe<br \/>\neach appraisal assignment provides<br \/>\nopportunities to grow that knowledge.<br \/>\nI also enjoy having the opportunity<br \/>\nto work both in the office and out in<br \/>\nthe field, meeting face-to-face as<br \/>\nwell as over the phone or through<br \/>\nemails with clients, agents and<br \/>\nlenders. One bonus to the<br \/>\njob that I really enjoy is<br \/>\ninspecting crawl spaces;<br \/>\nonly for the simple fact<br \/>\nthat, as a short person,<br \/>\nthey sure do make<br \/>\nme feel tall. <\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 46 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>THE FUTURE IS BRIGHT<\/p>\n<p>What are your designation plans and when do you expect <\/p>\n<p>to earn that designation? <\/p>\n<p>Once I complete my candidacy program, my plan is to become a<br \/>\ndesignated CRA. My goal is to earn my designation by the spring<br \/>\nof 2023. I have recently submitted my first work progress review<br \/>\nand have been consistently updating my applied experience based<br \/>\non the principles of value. <\/p>\n<p>Assuming you achieve your goal around that time, how <\/p>\n<p>long will the process have taken? <\/p>\n<p>I became a Candidate Member in the fall of 2019 and immediately<br \/>\nbegan shadowing my mentor and gaining on-site experience for<br \/>\nan entire year. In April of 2021, I completed my last course at UBC<br \/>\nand have since been working as a Candidate. From start to finish,<br \/>\nassuming I gain my designation at the desired time, it will have<br \/>\ntaken me 3.5 years. <\/p>\n<p>What challenges has the designation process presented <\/p>\n<p>from both a work and personal perspective? <\/p>\n<p>Honestly, I have not experienced many major challenges during<br \/>\nthe process, as I have had tremendous support and guidance along<br \/>\nthe way. However, the pandemic did cause interruptions at times,<br \/>\nchanging how business was conducted based on public health<br \/>\nguidelines. During my courses at UBC, I was able to balance working<br \/>\nboth full- and part-time jobs while completing each course load. <\/p>\n<p>From your personal experience, how would you evaluate <\/p>\n<p>the designation process thus far? <\/p>\n<p>I have found the process to be extremely informative, as it provides<br \/>\nexceptional educational courses, online articles, reliable sources, and<br \/>\nprofessional contacts. As well, the mentorship program is a great<br \/>\ntool that pairs well with the AIC network and educational courses.<br \/>\nCombining these tools allows Members like myself to apply both<br \/>\nknowledge and skill in the field. In my opinion, gaining firsthand<br \/>\nexperience is the best way to put your skills to the test. <\/p>\n<p>How do you feel the designation process is preparing you <\/p>\n<p>to meet the challenges of your career?<\/p>\n<p>Thus far, the process has provided exceptional education and<br \/>\napplied experience. As I mentioned earlier, the pandemic<br \/>\ndefinitely presented challenges for the industry, however,<br \/>\nthe AIC and the designation process have gone above and<br \/>\nbeyond to support Candidates and Members in navigating<br \/>\nthrough each hurdle. These challenges have shown me how<br \/>\nimportant it is to adapt to change.<\/p>\n<p>Was there anything you would have done differently <\/p>\n<p>thus far throughout the designation process? <\/p>\n<p>Not really. My only regret is that I did not enter this<br \/>\ncareer sooner.<\/p>\n<p>Who has helped or is still helping you on your career <\/p>\n<p>journey in a mentorship capacity and what has been  <\/p>\n<p>their impact?<\/p>\n<p>Since the beginning, my father has been my mentor and co-signor<br \/>\nduring my candidacy. His support and day-to-day guidance have<br \/>\nencouraged me to stay focused and work hard to achieve my goals.<br \/>\nA number of other professionals in the industry have also contributed<br \/>\nto my journey, particularly during the last course of the CRA program:<br \/>\nBusiness 398 | Single Guided Case Study. This course alone gave<br \/>\nme the opportunity to speak with and gain insight from a number<br \/>\nof industry professionals, ranging from contractors and real estate<br \/>\nagents to people working for property management companies. <\/p>\n<p>Can you point to one particular technique or skill set you <\/p>\n<p>have learned from your mentor(s) that you will carry with <\/p>\n<p>you going forward in your career? <\/p>\n<p>From the beginning of my candidacy and early job-shadowing<br \/>\nstages, my mentor instilled in me the importance of note-taking<br \/>\nwhile completing an inspection. I have found that collecting<br \/>\ntimely information from applicants about the property, while<br \/>\nphrasing questions in such a way as to gather as much<br \/>\ninformation as possible, is crucial to the entire valuation process.  <\/p>\n<p>As a result, I have developed my own property datasheet to<br \/>\naid me during my inspections. Using effective communication<br \/>\nskills as I approach each question, the datasheet flows smoothly<br \/>\nthroughout an inspection. Detailed note-taking has been<br \/>\nparticularly beneficial in assignments involving detrimental<br \/>\nconditions, making observations and investigating those areas<br \/>\nwhich require further information from the applicant should they<br \/>\narise during the inspection. <\/p>\n<p>Going forward, what are your career aspirations?<\/p>\n<p>My goal is to continue growing the family business started by<br \/>\nmy father. What that will look like in the years to come I have<br \/>\nnot quite thought through, as being a small firm of two keeps<br \/>\nus extremely busy. I have considered working for a larger<br \/>\norganization, however, at this time, my focus is on the family<br \/>\nbusiness, continuing what my father started, and hopefully<br \/>\ngrowing the company. At some point going forward, I may<br \/>\nconsider branching into the field of machinery and equipment<br \/>\nvaluation. During my courses at UBC, this area of study was<br \/>\nbriefly touched on and it definitely sparked my interest. I feel this<br \/>\nspecialized field would broaden my scope of work, offering more<br \/>\nexperience and specialties to what I can offer my clients.  <\/p>\n<p>What motivates you to succeed?<\/p>\n<p>In addition to achieving financial success in a career that I love,<br \/>\nI am also motivated by the feeling of accomplishment that real<br \/>\nestate appraisal provides. While enjoying the flexibility of a work-<br \/>\nlife balance, I am motivated to work even harder.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 47Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>THE FUTURE IS BRIGHT<\/p>\n<p>Do you see any barriers or roadblocks to your career path? <\/p>\n<p>As a female, my experience thus far is that there can sometimes<br \/>\nbe gender disparities. However, I have learned to overcome this by<br \/>\napproaching each situation with confidence and professionalism. <\/p>\n<p>What do you feel are the biggest challenges facing the <\/p>\n<p>appraisal profession in general? <\/p>\n<p>The biggest challenges we currently face relate to how rapidly<br \/>\nchanging technology is being used in the field as well as how<br \/>\nappraisal management companies and automated appraisals<br \/>\nare changing the way our business is conducted. It is not that<br \/>\nthe technology is bad, but we absolutely must recognize the<br \/>\nchallenges it presents so that we can adapt to it and use it<br \/>\neffectively in our practices.  <\/p>\n<p>What are the biggest challenges facing people entering <\/p>\n<p>the profession? <\/p>\n<p>I believe succeeding in this type of career requires strong<br \/>\ncommunication skills. When you are first starting out, it can be<br \/>\nchallenging to communicate within the industry to gain the information<br \/>\nyou require to complete assignments. However, like any business, the<br \/>\nmore contacts you create, the more successful you will be going forward. <\/p>\n<p>Provincially or nationally, do you volunteer or participate <\/p>\n<p>in AIC events or activities? <\/p>\n<p>Due to the last two years having been affected by the pandemic,<br \/>\nthere have been limited opportunities for \u2018in-person\u2019 events. That<br \/>\nbeing said, I recently attended the Building Owners and Managers<br \/>\nAssociation (BOMA) conference in St. John\u2019s, Newfoundland,<br \/>\nwhere I was able to experience first-hand an in-person conference<br \/>\nwith industry members. I have registered to attend virtually the<br \/>\nAIC conference taking place this June in Edmonton. Going forward,<br \/>\nI plan to participate in more upcoming events and look forward to<br \/>\nthe post-pandemic appraisal profession. <\/p>\n<p>Do you see this kind of involvement as a beneficial part of <\/p>\n<p>an appraiser\u2019s career development? <\/p>\n<p>Most definitely. I believe it is important to involve yourself in<br \/>\nthe industry in a number of ways in order to benefit from the<br \/>\nnetworking opportunities that are presented. I feel there is much<br \/>\nto be gained from sharing experiences with colleagues from all<br \/>\nbackgrounds within the industry.  <\/p>\n<p>Do you have any advice or suggestions for people <\/p>\n<p>entering the appraisal profession? <\/p>\n<p>My advice is to never get intimidated by the industry or by the years<br \/>\nof experience other appraisers may have gained. Instead, lean on<br \/>\nyour fellow appraisers and absorb as much knowledge from them<br \/>\nas you can, since they are some of the best sources for gaining a<br \/>\nwealth of knowledge and experience. <\/p>\n<p>How do you spend your personal time away from work? <\/p>\n<p>I spend a great deal of time with family and friends, especially<br \/>\nmy two nieces who keep me on my toes. I very much enjoy<br \/>\ngoing to our family cabin where I can dirt-bike, boat, swim and<br \/>\nSkidoo, as well as cod fishing with my partner\u2019s family. During<br \/>\nthe pandemic, I taught myself to crochet and have always<br \/>\nenjoyed do-it-yourself projects, specifically restoring antique<br \/>\nitems, which now takes up much of my free time. <\/p>\n<p>My advice is to never get intimidated by the industry or by the years of<br \/>\nexperience other appraisers may have. Instead, lean on your fellow appraisers and<br \/>\nabsorb as much knowledge as you can from them, since they are some of the best<br \/>\nsources for gaining a wealth of knowledge and experience.<\/p>\n<p>Nationwide<br \/>\nAppraisal Services<\/p>\n<p>GET MORE INFORMATION TODAY:<\/p>\n<p>Nationwide Appraisal Services (NAS) is looking<br \/>\nfor experienced appraisers to onboard, train and<br \/>\ndevelop the next generation of appraisers.<\/p>\n<p>Compensation is provided for participating<br \/>\nmentors. Join us in creating interest and excitement<br \/>\nin our industry!<\/p>\n<p>AppraiserMentorship@NationwideAppraisals.com<\/p>\n<p>BECOME A MENTOR WITH NAS<\/p>\n<p>HELP US EDUCATE THE<br \/>\nFUTURE OF THE APPRAISAL<br \/>\nINDUSTRY<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 48 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>mailto:AppraiserMentorship@NationwideAppraisals.com<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;AVENIR EST PROMETTEUR<\/p>\n<p>Alexe Pelley, membre stagiaire <\/p>\n<p>Quel est votre parcours scolaire et votre  <\/p>\n<p>exp\u00e9rience professionnelle? <\/p>\n<p>Avant de m\u2019int\u00e9resser \u00e0 l\u2019industrie de l\u2019\u00e9valuation, j\u2019ai obtenu<br \/>\nmon baccalaur\u00e9at en administration des affaires (BBA) \u00e0<br \/>\nl\u2019Universit\u00e9 Memorial en 2015. \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, je me suis lanc\u00e9e<br \/>\ndans le domaine financier et j\u2019ai suivi le cours sur les fonds<br \/>\nd\u2019investissement canadiens. J\u2019ai \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019emploi d\u2019une institution<br \/>\nfinanci\u00e8re pendant deux ans avant de r\u00e9aliser qu\u2019une carri\u00e8re<br \/>\nfinanci\u00e8re n\u2019\u00e9tait pas pour moi. C\u2019est alors que j\u2019ai d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de<br \/>\nsuivre le programme d\u2019\u00e9valuation r\u00e9sidentielle canadienne de <\/p>\n<p>l\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs (ICE) par<br \/>\nl\u2019interm\u00e9diaire de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de la <\/p>\n<p>Colombie-Britannique (UBC).<br \/>\nAyant d\u00e9j\u00e0 termin\u00e9 mon BBA avant <\/p>\n<p>de m\u2019inscrire \u00e0 l\u2019UBC, j\u2019ai pu<br \/>\ntransf\u00e9rer un certain nombre de<br \/>\nmes cours applicables. Pendant<br \/>\nque je suivais le programme de<br \/>\nCRA \u00e0 distance, j\u2019ai pu travailler<br \/>\n\u00e0 temps plein et \u00e0 temps partiel<br \/>\ndans l\u2019industrie du transport<br \/>\na\u00e9rien, ce qui m\u2019a donn\u00e9 une<br \/>\ncertaine souplesse dans <\/p>\n<p>ma charge de cours.<br \/>\nVers la fin de mon <\/p>\n<p>programme<br \/>\nde CRA, j\u2019ai <\/p>\n<p>commenc\u00e9 \u00e0<br \/>\nsuivre mon<br \/>\np\u00e8re dans <\/p>\n<p>son entreprise, Brent Pelley Appraisals, o\u00f9 je suis actuellement<br \/>\nstagiaire et travaille comme \u00e9valuatrice \u00e0 honoraires de<br \/>\nbiens r\u00e9sidentiels.  <\/p>\n<p>Qu\u2019est-ce qui vous a motiv\u00e9e \u00e0 choisir  <\/p>\n<p>la profession d\u2019\u00e9valuateur? <\/p>\n<p>Je peux remercier mon p\u00e8re, Brent Pelley, de m\u2019avoir fait d\u00e9couvrir<br \/>\nla carri\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9valuateur immobilier. Il est membre de l\u2019ICE depuis<br \/>\nplus de 40 ans. Je me souviens que, petite fille, je me r\u00e9veillais le<br \/>\nsamedi matin, je sautais dans le camion avec mon p\u00e8re et je prenais<br \/>\nla route pour une inspection. Si je tenais le ruban \u00e0 mesurer, j\u2019avais<br \/>\ndroit \u00e0 un Happy Meal. \u00c7a, c\u2019est de la motivation. Je suppose que l\u2019on<br \/>\npeut dire que le secteur de l\u2019\u00e9valuation a toujours suscit\u00e9 mon int\u00e9r\u00eat<br \/>\nau point que j\u2019ai su que c\u2019\u00e9tait une carri\u00e8re que j\u2019allais poursuivre.   <\/p>\n<p>Quel est votre poste actuel chez Brent Pelley  <\/p>\n<p>Appraisals et en quoi consiste votre travail?<\/p>\n<p>Depuis le d\u00e9but de mon stage, je travaille dans l\u2019entreprise en<br \/>\ntant qu\u2019\u00e9valuatrice \u00e0 honoraires. Mon travail consiste \u00e0 effectuer<br \/>\ndes \u00e9valuations de propri\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sidentielles, ainsi que des<br \/>\nt\u00e2ches de comptabilit\u00e9 et d\u2019administration. En tant que membre<br \/>\nstagiaire, charg\u00e9e d\u2019effectuer des \u00e9valuations r\u00e9sidentielles, mon<br \/>\ntravail consiste \u00e0 accepter des contrats de service, \u00e0 effectuer des<br \/>\ninspections sur place et \u00e0 r\u00e9diger des rapports pour les clients<br \/>\ndans les d\u00e9lais impartis. <\/p>\n<p>Qu\u2019est-ce qui vous pla\u00eet le plus dans votre travail  <\/p>\n<p>dans le domaine de l\u2019\u00e9valuation immobili\u00e8re? <\/p>\n<p>Je dirais que c\u2019est le fait que chaque contrat de service est<br \/>\ndiff\u00e9rent du suivant. L\u2019opportunit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9largir mes connaissances <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019opportunit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9largir mes connaissances et mes<br \/>\ncomp\u00e9tences vient de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience et je crois que<br \/>\nchaque contrat de service d\u2019\u00e9valuation offre des<br \/>\noccasions de d\u00e9velopper ces connaissances.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 49Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;AVENIR EST PROMETTEUR<\/p>\n<p>et mes comp\u00e9tences vient de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience et je crois que chaque<br \/>\ncontrat de service d\u2019\u00e9valuation offre des occasions de d\u00e9velopper<br \/>\nces connaissances. J\u2019aime aussi avoir la possibilit\u00e9 de travailler<br \/>\n\u00e0 la fois au bureau et sur le terrain, de rencontrer les clients, les<br \/>\nagents et les pr\u00eateurs en personne, par t\u00e9l\u00e9phone ou par courriel.<br \/>\nL\u2019un des avantages de mon travail que j\u2019appr\u00e9cie vraiment est<br \/>\nl\u2019inspection des vides sanitaires, pour la simple raison qu\u2019en tant<br \/>\nque personne de petite taille, ils me font me sentir grande. <\/p>\n<p>Quels sont vos projets de d\u00e9signation et quand pensez-<\/p>\n<p>vous obtenir cette d\u00e9signation? <\/p>\n<p>Une fois que j\u2019aurai termin\u00e9 mon programme de stagiaire,<br \/>\nmon plan est de devenir une CRA d\u00e9sign\u00e9e. Mon objectif est<br \/>\nd\u2019obtenir ma d\u00e9signation d\u2019ici le printemps 2023. J\u2019ai r\u00e9cemment<br \/>\nsoumis mon premier examen de l\u2019avancement des travaux et j\u2019ai<br \/>\nconstamment mis \u00e0 jour mon exp\u00e9rience appliqu\u00e9e en fonction<br \/>\ndes principes de valeur.  <\/p>\n<p>En supposant que vous atteigniez votre objectif \u00e0 ce <\/p>\n<p>moment-l\u00e0, combien de temps le processus aura-t-il pris? <\/p>\n<p>Je suis devenue membre stagiaire \u00e0 l\u2019automne 2019 et j\u2019ai<br \/>\nimm\u00e9diatement commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 suivre mon mentor et \u00e0 acqu\u00e9rir de<br \/>\nl\u2019exp\u00e9rience sur place pendant une ann\u00e9e enti\u00e8re. En avril 2021,<br \/>\nj\u2019ai termin\u00e9 mon dernier cours \u00e0 l\u2019UBC et je travaille depuis en<br \/>\ntant que stagiaire. Du d\u00e9but \u00e0 la fin, en supposant que j\u2019obtienne<br \/>\nma d\u00e9signation au moment souhait\u00e9, il m\u2019aura fallu 3,5 ans.  <\/p>\n<p>Quels d\u00e9fis le processus de d\u00e9signation a-t-il pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 <\/p>\n<p>d\u2019un point de vue professionnel et personnel? <\/p>\n<p>Honn\u00eatement, je n\u2019ai pas connu beaucoup de d\u00e9fis majeurs<br \/>\nau cours du processus, car j\u2019ai b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d\u2019un soutien et d\u2019un<br \/>\nencadrement formidables en cours de route. Cependant, la<br \/>\npand\u00e9mie a entra\u00een\u00e9 des interruptions \u00e0 certains moments,<br \/>\nmodifiant la fa\u00e7on dont les affaires \u00e9taient men\u00e9es en fonction<br \/>\ndes directives de sant\u00e9 publique. Pendant mes cours \u00e0 l\u2019UBC, j\u2019ai<br \/>\npu trouver un \u00e9quilibre entre un emploi \u00e0 temps plein et un emploi<br \/>\n\u00e0 temps partiel tout en compl\u00e9tant ma charge de cours.   <\/p>\n<p>D\u2019apr\u00e8s votre exp\u00e9rience personnelle, comment  <\/p>\n<p>\u00e9valuez-vous le processus de d\u00e9signation jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent? <\/p>\n<p>J\u2019ai trouv\u00e9 le processus extr\u00eamement instructif, car il offre des<br \/>\ncours \u00e9ducatifs exceptionnels, des articles en ligne, des sources<br \/>\nfiables et des contacts professionnels. De plus, le programme <\/p>\n<p>de mentorat est un outil formidable qui se marie bien avec le<br \/>\nr\u00e9seau de l\u2019ICE et les cours \u00e9ducatifs. La combinaison de ces<br \/>\noutils permet aux membres comme moi d\u2019appliquer \u00e0 la fois leurs<br \/>\nconnaissances et leurs comp\u00e9tences sur le terrain. \u00c0 mon avis,<br \/>\nacqu\u00e9rir une exp\u00e9rience de premi\u00e8re main est la meilleure fa\u00e7on<br \/>\nde mettre ses comp\u00e9tences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve. <\/p>\n<p>Comment pensez-vous que le processus de d\u00e9signation <\/p>\n<p>vous pr\u00e9pare \u00e0 relever les d\u00e9fis de votre carri\u00e8re? <\/p>\n<p>Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, le processus a fourni une \u00e9ducation et une<br \/>\nexp\u00e9rience appliqu\u00e9e exceptionnelles. Comme je l\u2019ai mentionn\u00e9<br \/>\npr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, la pand\u00e9mie a certainement pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 des d\u00e9fis<br \/>\npour l\u2019industrie, mais l\u2019ICE et le processus de d\u00e9signation se sont<br \/>\nsurpass\u00e9s pour aider les stagiaires et les membres \u00e0 franchir<br \/>\nchaque obstacle. Ces d\u00e9fis m\u2019ont montr\u00e9 combien il est important<br \/>\nde s\u2019adapter au changement.<\/p>\n<p>Y a-t-il quelque chose que vous auriez fait diff\u00e9remment <\/p>\n<p>jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent tout au long du processus de d\u00e9signation? <\/p>\n<p>Pas vraiment. Mon seul regret est de ne pas avoir embrass\u00e9 cette<br \/>\ncarri\u00e8re plus t\u00f4t.<\/p>\n<p>Qui vous a aid\u00e9 ou vous aide encore dans votre parcours <\/p>\n<p>professionnel en tant que mentor et quel a \u00e9t\u00e9 son impact? <\/p>\n<p>Depuis le d\u00e9but, mon p\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 mon mentor et mon cosignataire<br \/>\npendant mon stage. Son soutien et ses conseils quotidiens m\u2019ont<br \/>\nencourag\u00e9 \u00e0 rester concentr\u00e9 et \u00e0 travailler dur pour atteindre<br \/>\nmes objectifs. Un certain nombre d\u2019autres professionnels du<br \/>\nsecteur ont \u00e9galement contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 mon parcours, en particulier<br \/>\npendant le dernier cours du programme de CRA : Business 398<br \/>\n| \u00c9tude de cas guid\u00e9e unique. \u00c0 lui seul, ce cours m\u2019a donn\u00e9<br \/>\nl\u2019occasion de parler avec un certain nombre de professionnels<br \/>\nde l\u2019industrie et d\u2019en tirer des enseignements, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse<br \/>\nd\u2019entrepreneurs, d\u2019agents immobiliers ou de personnes<br \/>\ntravaillant pour des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de gestion immobili\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p>Pouvez-vous citer une technique ou un ensemble de <\/p>\n<p>comp\u00e9tences en particulier que vous avez appris de votre <\/p>\n<p>ou vos mentors et que vous emporterez avec vous dans la <\/p>\n<p>suite de votre carri\u00e8re?  <\/p>\n<p>D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de mon stage et des premi\u00e8res \u00e9tapes d\u2019observation<br \/>\nau travail, mon mentor m\u2019a inculqu\u00e9 l\u2019importance de la prise de<br \/>\nnotes lors d\u2019une inspection. J\u2019ai constat\u00e9 que le fait de recueillir <\/p>\n<p>Mon conseil est de ne jamais se laisser intimider par le secteur ou par les ann\u00e9es<br \/>\nd\u2019exp\u00e9rience que d\u2019autres \u00e9valuateurs peuvent avoir acquises. Au lieu de cela,<br \/>\nappuyez-vous sur vos coll\u00e8gues \u00e9valuateurs et absorbez autant de connaissances<br \/>\nd\u2019eux que possible, car ils sont parmi les meilleures sources pour acqu\u00e9rir une<br \/>\nrichesse de connaissances et d\u2019exp\u00e9rience.<\/p>\n<p>50 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>aupr\u00e8s des clients des renseignements opportuns sur la<br \/>\npropri\u00e9t\u00e9, tout en formulant les questions de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 recueillir<br \/>\nle plus d\u2019informations possible, est crucial pour l\u2019ensemble du<br \/>\nprocessus d\u2019\u00e9valuation.  <\/p>\n<p>En cons\u00e9quence, j\u2019ai d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 ma propre fiche de donn\u00e9es<br \/>\nsur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 pour m\u2019aider lors de mes inspections. En utilisant<br \/>\ndes comp\u00e9tences de communication efficaces lorsque j\u2019aborde<br \/>\nchaque question, la fiche de donn\u00e9es se d\u00e9roule sans heurts tout<br \/>\nau long d\u2019une inspection. La prise de notes d\u00e9taill\u00e9es s\u2019est av\u00e9r\u00e9e<br \/>\nparticuli\u00e8rement b\u00e9n\u00e9fique dans les contrats de service impliquant<br \/>\ndes conditions nuisibles, en faisant des observations et en examinant<br \/>\nles aspects qui n\u00e9cessitent des informations suppl\u00e9mentaires de la<br \/>\npart du client s\u2019ils surviennent pendant l\u2019inspection. <\/p>\n<p>Pour l\u2019avenir, quelles sont vos aspirations professionnelles?<\/p>\n<p>Mon objectif est de continuer \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper l\u2019entreprise familiale cr\u00e9\u00e9e<br \/>\npar mon p\u00e8re. Je n\u2019ai pas encore r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 la forme que cela prendra<br \/>\ndans les ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir, car le fait d\u2019\u00eatre une petite entreprise de<br \/>\ndeux personnes nous tient extr\u00eamement occup\u00e9s. J\u2019ai envisag\u00e9 de<br \/>\ntravailler pour une plus grande organisation, mais pour l\u2019instant,<br \/>\nje me concentre sur l\u2019entreprise familiale, la poursuite de ce que<br \/>\nmon p\u00e8re a commenc\u00e9 et, je l\u2019esp\u00e8re, la croissance de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9.<br \/>\n\u00c0 un moment donn\u00e9, je pourrais envisager de me diriger vers le<br \/>\ndomaine de l\u2019\u00e9valuation des machines et des \u00e9quipements. Pendant<br \/>\nmes cours \u00e0 l\u2019UBC, ce domaine d\u2019\u00e9tude a \u00e9t\u00e9 bri\u00e8vement abord\u00e9 et<br \/>\nil a d\u00e9finitivement suscit\u00e9 mon int\u00e9r\u00eat. Je pense que ce domaine<br \/>\nsp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 \u00e9largirait mon champ d\u2019action, offrant plus d\u2019exp\u00e9rience et<br \/>\nde sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9s \u00e0 ce que je peux offrir \u00e0 mes clients. <\/p>\n<p>Qu\u2019est-ce qui vous motive \u00e0 r\u00e9ussir? <\/p>\n<p>Outre la r\u00e9ussite financi\u00e8re dans une carri\u00e8re que j\u2019aime, je<br \/>\nsuis \u00e9galement motiv\u00e9 par le sentiment d\u2019accomplissement que<br \/>\nprocure l\u2019\u00e9valuation immobili\u00e8re. Tout en appr\u00e9ciant la flexibilit\u00e9<br \/>\nd\u2019un \u00e9quilibre entre le travail et la vie priv\u00e9e, je suis motiv\u00e9 \u00e0<br \/>\ntravailler encore plus fort. <\/p>\n<p>Voyez-vous des obstacles ou des barri\u00e8res \u00e0 votre <\/p>\n<p>cheminement de carri\u00e8re? <\/p>\n<p>En tant que femme, mon exp\u00e9rience jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent est qu\u2019il<br \/>\npeut parfois y avoir des disparit\u00e9s entre les sexes. Cependant,<br \/>\nj\u2019ai appris \u00e0 surmonter cela en abordant chaque situation avec<br \/>\nconfiance et professionnalisme.  <\/p>\n<p>Selon vous, quels sont les plus grands d\u00e9fis auxquels est <\/p>\n<p>confront\u00e9e la profession d\u2019\u00e9valuateur en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral? <\/p>\n<p>Les plus grands d\u00e9fis auxquels nous sommes actuellement<br \/>\nconfront\u00e9s sont li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9volution rapide de la technologie utilis\u00e9e<br \/>\nsur le terrain ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 la fa\u00e7on dont les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de gestion des<br \/>\n\u00e9valuations et les \u00e9valuations automatis\u00e9es changent la fa\u00e7on<br \/>\ndont notre activit\u00e9 est men\u00e9e. Ce n\u2019est pas que la technologie<br \/>\nsoit mauvaise, mais nous devons absolument reconna\u00eetre les<br \/>\nd\u00e9fis qu\u2019elle pr\u00e9sente afin de pouvoir nous y adapter et l\u2019utiliser<br \/>\nefficacement dans nos pratiques.  <\/p>\n<p>Quels sont les plus grands d\u00e9fis que doivent relever les <\/p>\n<p>personnes qui entrent dans la profession? <\/p>\n<p>Je crois que pour r\u00e9ussir dans ce type de carri\u00e8re, il faut<br \/>\navoir de solides comp\u00e9tences en communication. Lorsque<br \/>\nvous d\u00e9butez, il peut \u00eatre difficile de communiquer au sein de<br \/>\nl\u2019industrie pour obtenir les informations dont vous avez besoin<br \/>\npour accomplir vos contrats de service. Cependant, comme<br \/>\ndans toute entreprise, plus vous cr\u00e9ez de contacts, plus vous<br \/>\nr\u00e9ussirez \u00e0 aller de l\u2019avant. <\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle provinciale ou nationale, faites-vous du <\/p>\n<p>b\u00e9n\u00e9volat ou participez-vous \u00e0 des \u00e9v\u00e9nements ou \u00e0 <\/p>\n<p>des activit\u00e9s de l\u2019ICE? <\/p>\n<p>Comme les deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 touch\u00e9es par la<br \/>\npand\u00e9mie, les occasions de participer \u00e0 des \u00e9v\u00e9nements \u00ab en<br \/>\npersonne \u00bb ont \u00e9t\u00e9 limit\u00e9es. Cela dit, j\u2019ai r\u00e9cemment assist\u00e9 \u00e0<br \/>\nla conf\u00e9rence de la Building Owners and Managers Association<br \/>\n(BOMA) \u00e0 St. John\u2019s, Terre-Neuve, o\u00f9 j\u2019ai pu faire l\u2019exp\u00e9rience<br \/>\ndirecte d\u2019une conf\u00e9rence en personne avec des membres de<br \/>\nl\u2019industrie. Je me suis inscrite pour assister virtuellement \u00e0 la<br \/>\nconf\u00e9rence de l\u2019ICE qui aura lieu en juin prochain \u00e0 Edmonton.<br \/>\n\u00c0 l\u2019avenir, je pr\u00e9vois de participer \u00e0 d\u2019autres \u00e9v\u00e9nements \u00e0 venir<br \/>\net j\u2019ai h\u00e2te d\u2019exeercer ma profession apr\u00e8s la pand\u00e9mie.<\/p>\n<p>Consid\u00e9rez-vous ce genre d\u2019implication comme un <\/p>\n<p>\u00e9l\u00e9ment b\u00e9n\u00e9fique du d\u00e9veloppement de la carri\u00e8re <\/p>\n<p>d\u2019un \u00e9valuateur? <\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00e8s certainement. Je crois qu\u2019il est important de s\u2019impliquer<br \/>\ndans l\u2019industrie de plusieurs fa\u00e7ons afin de profiter des<br \/>\noccasions de r\u00e9seautage qui se pr\u00e9sentent. Je pense qu\u2019il y a<br \/>\nbeaucoup \u00e0 gagner en partageant des exp\u00e9riences avec des<br \/>\ncoll\u00e8gues de tous les ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents au sein de l\u2019industrie.  <\/p>\n<p>Avez-vous des conseils ou des suggestions \u00e0 donner aux <\/p>\n<p>personnes qui entrent dans la profession d\u2019\u00e9valuateur? <\/p>\n<p>Mon conseil est de ne jamais se laisser intimider par le secteur<br \/>\nou par les ann\u00e9es d\u2019exp\u00e9rience que d\u2019autres \u00e9valuateurs<br \/>\npeuvent avoir acquises. Au lieu de cela, appuyez-vous sur vos<br \/>\ncoll\u00e8gues \u00e9valuateurs et absorbez autant de connaissances<br \/>\nd\u2019eux que possible, car ils sont parmi les meilleures sources<br \/>\npour acqu\u00e9rir une richesse de connaissances et d\u2019exp\u00e9rience. <\/p>\n<p>Comment passez-vous votre temps personnel  <\/p>\n<p>en dehors du travail? <\/p>\n<p>Je passe beaucoup de temps avec ma famille et mes amis, en<br \/>\nparticulier mes deux ni\u00e8ces qui me tiennent en haleine. J\u2019aime<br \/>\nbeaucoup aller dans notre chalet familial o\u00f9 je peux faire du<br \/>\nv\u00e9lo tout-terrain, du bateau, de la natation et du skidoo, ainsi<br \/>\nque p\u00eacher la morue avec la famille de mon partenaire. Pendant<br \/>\nla pand\u00e9mie, j\u2019ai appris \u00e0 faire du crochet et j\u2019ai toujours<br \/>\naim\u00e9 les projets de bricolage, notamment la restauration<br \/>\nd\u2019antiquit\u00e9s, qui occupe maintenant une grande partie de mon<br \/>\ntemps libre. <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;AVENIR EST PROMETTEUR<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 51Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>Edmonton<br \/>\nThe 2022 AIC Conference will take place<br \/>\nJune 8 to 11, 2022 set against the<br \/>\nbackdrop of beautiful Edmonton, Alberta<br \/>\nat the Westin Hotel. Be prepared to take<br \/>\nin world-renowned sites, a cutting-edge<br \/>\neducation program and exciting<br \/>\nnetworking opportunities!<\/p>\n<p>The 2022 Conference will be hosted<br \/>\nas a fully hybrid event \u2014 with both an<br \/>\nin-person component and a virtual option<br \/>\nfor online\/distance participants.<\/p>\n<p>CONFERENCE<br \/>\n   ABOUT THE<\/p>\n<p>DU CONGR\u00c8S<br \/>\n\u00c0 PROPOS<\/p>\n<p>La conf\u00e9rence 2022 de l&rsquo;ICE aura lieu du<br \/>\n8 au 11 juin 2022 dans le cadre magnifique<br \/>\nd\u2019Edmonton, en Alberta, \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4tel Westin.<br \/>\nPr\u00e9parez-vous \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir des sites de<br \/>\nrenomm\u00e9e mondiale, un programme de<br \/>\nformation de pointe et des occasions de<br \/>\nr\u00e9seautage int\u00e9ressantes !<\/p>\n<p>La conf\u00e9rence de 2022 sera organis\u00e9e<br \/>\nsous la forme d\u2019un \u00e9v\u00e9nement enti\u00e8rement<br \/>\nhybride \u2013 avec une composante en<br \/>\npersonne et une option virtuelle pour les<br \/>\nparticipants en ligne\/\u00e0 distance.<\/p>\n<p>JUNE 8-11, 2022 \u2022  8-11 JUIN 2022<\/p>\n<p>KEYNOTE SPEAKER NOT TO BE MISSED<\/p>\n<p>Althia Raj is an Ottawa-based political<br \/>\njournalist and a panellist on the CBC\u2019s<br \/>\npolitical forum At Issue. She is a weekly<br \/>\ncontributor to CPAC\u2019s (Cable Public Affairs<br \/>\nChannel) French-language program<br \/>\nL\u2019Essentiel and the Friday guest of its Today<br \/>\nIn Politics podcast. She has worked as an<br \/>\nanalyst and pundit covering Parliament Hill<br \/>\non and off since 2006, writing for HuffPost<br \/>\nCanada, Sun Media, and producing for CTV<br \/>\nand CBC Radio\u2019s The House. Althia has <\/p>\n<p>consistently been ranked in The Hill Times list of the top 100 most influential<br \/>\npeople in Canadian politics since 2015. She is also the recipient of several<br \/>\ndigital media awards for her multi-media election coverage. She is a proud<br \/>\nParliamentary Internship Program alumna. A graduate of McGill University,<br \/>\nshe serves on the Board of Trustees of the McGill Institute for the Study of<br \/>\nCanada. She is a past chair of the board of directors of apt613.ca, an<br \/>\naward-winning not-for-profit arts and culture blog that she co-founded in 2008. <\/p>\n<p>Althia Raj est une journaliste politique bas\u00e9e \u00e0 Ottawa ainsi qu\u2019une pan\u00e9liste<br \/>\ndu forum politique At Issue de la CBC. Elle collabore chaque semaine au<br \/>\nprogramme de langue fran\u00e7aise L\u2019essentiel de la CPAC (La Cha\u00eene d\u2019affaires<br \/>\npubliques par c\u00e2ble), alors qu\u2019elle est l\u2019invit\u00e9e du vendredi de son balado<br \/>\nToday In Politics. Elle a travaill\u00e9 comme analyste et commentatrice, couvrant<br \/>\nles activit\u00e9s de la Colline du Parlement par intermittence depuis 2006,<br \/>\n\u00e9crivant pour HuffPost Canada, Sun Media, et produisant pour la CTV et pour<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9mission de radio The House de la CBC. Depuis 2015, le journal The Hill<br \/>\nTimes a maintes fois class\u00e9 Althia dans les 100 personnes les plus influentes<br \/>\nde la politique canadienne. Elle a \u00e9galement re\u00e7u plusieurs prix de m\u00e9dias<br \/>\nnum\u00e9riques pour sa couverture \u00e9lectorale multim\u00e9dia. Althia est fi\u00e8re d\u2019\u00eatre<br \/>\nune ancienne \u00e9l\u00e8ve du Programme de stagiaires parlementaires. Dipl\u00f4m\u00e9e<br \/>\nde l\u2019Universit\u00e9 McGill, elle si\u00e8ge au Conseil d\u2019administration de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9tudes canadiennes de McGill. Elle est une ancienne pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil<br \/>\nd\u2019administration du site apt613.ca, un blogue artistique et culturel prim\u00e9 sans<br \/>\nbut lucratif qu\u2019elle a cofond\u00e9 en 2008.<\/p>\n<p>ALTHIA RAJ<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 52 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>202<br \/>\n2<\/p>\n<p>CONF\u00c9RENCIER D\u2019HONNEUR \u00c0 NE PAS MANQUER<\/p>\n<p>Shawn Kanungo is a globally recognized innovation<br \/>\nstrategist. He previously spent 12 years at Deloitte<br \/>\nworking closely with leaders to better plan for the<br \/>\nopportunities associated with disruptive innovation.<br \/>\nHis mandate at the firm was to help corporate executives<br \/>\nto better understand and plan for the opportunities<br \/>\nand threats associated with disruptive innovation.<br \/>\nShawn has worked with hundreds of organizations on<br \/>\ntheir journey to digital transformation. He has been on<br \/>\nthe ground floor leading complex projects incorporating<br \/>\nartificial intelligence, robotic process automation, cloud <\/p>\n<p>technologies, behavioural economics, human-centered design, and film. He is a Partner<br \/>\nwith Queen &#038; Rook, where he advises leading organizations and executives on disruptive<br \/>\ntrends, and invests in early-stage ventures. Shawn has been recognized in Avenue<br \/>\nMagazine\u2018s \u2018Top 40 Under 40\u2019 and Inc\u2019s \u2018100 Most Innovative Leaders.\u2019 In 2021, he was<br \/>\nnamed in Forbes as the \u2018Best Virtual Keynote Speaker I\u2019ve Ever Seen.\u2019 His content on<br \/>\ninnovation has also garnered millions of views, respectively across LinkedIn, TikTok,<br \/>\nYouTube and Facebook.<\/p>\n<p>Shawn Kanungo il est un strat\u00e8ge en innovation reconnu mondialement. Auparavant, il<br \/>\na pass\u00e9 12 ans chez Deloitte \u00e0 travailler en \u00e9troite collaboration avec les dirigeants afin<br \/>\nde mieux planifier les possibilit\u00e9s associ\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019innovation perturbatrice. Son mandat<br \/>\nau sein de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 consistait \u00e0 aider les dirigeants d\u2019entreprise \u00e0 mieux comprendre<br \/>\net planifier les opportunit\u00e9s et les menaces associ\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019innovation perturbatrice.<br \/>\nM. Kanungo est un praticien qui a travaill\u00e9 avec des centaines d\u2019organisations sur la<br \/>\nvoie de la transformation num\u00e9rique. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019origine de projets complexes int\u00e9grant<br \/>\nl\u2019intelligence artificielle, l\u2019automatisation des processus robotiques, les technologies<br \/>\ndu cloud, l\u2019\u00e9conomie comportementale, la conception centr\u00e9e sur l\u2019humain et le<br \/>\ncin\u00e9ma. M. Kanungo est associ\u00e9 chez Queen &#038; Rook, o\u00f9 il conseille des organisations<br \/>\net des dirigeants de premier plan sur les tendances perturbatrices, et investit dans des<br \/>\nentreprises en phase de d\u00e9marrage.<\/p>\n<p>SHAWN KANUNGO<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 53Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>2022 Annual General Meeting<br \/>\nFriday, June 10, 2022\u2013 3:00 p.m. (MDT)<\/p>\n<p>Virtual and In-Person Meeting<\/p>\n<p>Agenda<\/p>\n<p>1. Call to Order<\/p>\n<p>2. Chair\u2019s Opening Remarks<\/p>\n<p>3. Introduction of 2022-2023 Board of Directors<\/p>\n<p>4. Introduction of Parliamentarian, Sergeant at Arms and Scrutineers<\/p>\n<p>5. Moment of Silence in Honour of Deceased Members<\/p>\n<p>6. Confirmation of Quorum and Proxy \/ Electronic Voting<\/p>\n<p>7. Approval of Agenda<\/p>\n<p>8. Approval of the Minutes of the 2021 Annual General Meeting<\/p>\n<p>9. Business Arising from the Minutes<\/p>\n<p>10. President\u2019s Report<\/p>\n<p>11. CEO\u2019s Report<\/p>\n<p>12. Report on Insurance Subsidiaries (FPLIC and Verity)<\/p>\n<p>13. Presentation and Receipt of Audited Statements for the Year Ending December<br \/>\n31, 2021<\/p>\n<p>14. Appointment of Public Accountant for Year Ending December 31, 2022<\/p>\n<p>15. Nominating Committee\u2019s Report \u2013 Election of the Board of Directors of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada<\/p>\n<p>16. Awards and Volunteer Recognition<\/p>\n<p>17. Remarks by Incoming AIC President \u2013 2022-2023<\/p>\n<p>18. New Business<\/p>\n<p>19. Next AGM<\/p>\n<p>20. Adjournment<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.icecanada.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale annuelle 2022<br \/>\nVendredi le 10 juin 2022\u2013 15 h (HNR)<br \/>\nAssembl\u00e9e virtuelle et en personne <\/p>\n<p>Ordre du jour<br \/>\n1. Rappel \u00e0 l\u2019ordre<\/p>\n<p>2. Remarques d\u2019ouverture du pr\u00e9sident<\/p>\n<p>3. Pr\u00e9sentation du Conseil d\u2019administration 2022-2023<\/p>\n<p>4. Pr\u00e9sentation du parlementaire, du sergent d\u2019armes et des scrutateurs<\/p>\n<p>5. Moment de silence en hommage aux membre d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9s<\/p>\n<p>6. Confirmation du quorum et des procurations \/ scrutin \u00e9lectronique<\/p>\n<p>7. Approbation de l\u2019ordre du jour<\/p>\n<p>8. Approbation du proc\u00e8s-verbal de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale annuelle 2021<\/p>\n<p>9. Affaires d\u00e9coulant du proc\u00e8s-verbal<\/p>\n<p>10. Rapport du pr\u00e9sident<\/p>\n<p>11. Rapport du chef de la direction<\/p>\n<p>12. Rapport sur les filiales d\u2019assurance (FPLIC et Verity)<\/p>\n<p>13. Pr\u00e9sentation et r\u00e9ception des \u00e9tats financiers v\u00e9rifi\u00e9s pour l\u2019exercice termin\u00e9 le<br \/>\n31 d\u00e9cembre 2021<\/p>\n<p>14. Nomination du cabinet d\u2019experts-comptables pour l\u2019exercice qui se terminera le<br \/>\n31 d\u00e9cembre 2022<\/p>\n<p>15. \u00c9lection du Conseil d\u2019administration de l\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs<\/p>\n<p>16. Prix et reconnaissance des b\u00e9n\u00e9voles<\/p>\n<p>17. Remarques du pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019ICE pour 2022-23<\/p>\n<p>18. Nouveaux sujets<\/p>\n<p>19. Prochain AGA<\/p>\n<p>20. Lev\u00e9e de la s\u00e9ance<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.icecanada.ca<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.aicanada.ca<\/p>\n<p>NEWS\/NOUVELLES<\/p>\n<p>Tyler Beatty Award<br \/>\nwinners for 2022<\/p>\n<p>Each year, the Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC) is proud to select two deserving young appraisers to receive recognition for their<br \/>\noutstanding contributions to the profession. Beginning in 2022, the Top Appraiser Under 40 award has been renamed the Tyler Beatty<br \/>\nAward in honor of Tyler Beatty, AACI, P. App., who passed away in March of this year. Tyler was not only an exemplary volunteer with the<br \/>\nAIC and a very successful appraisal professional, his achievements had been fittingly recognized with the Top Appraiser Under 40 award<br \/>\nin 2017. Our deserving recipients for 2022 are Katie Manojlovich and JT Dhoot. <\/p>\n<p>Katie Manojlovich, AACI, P.App<\/p>\n<p>Katie joined Altus Group in January 2011,<br \/>\nwhile simultaneously undertaking studies<br \/>\ntowards her AACI designation and continuing<br \/>\nstudies for her MBA. She successfully<br \/>\ncompleted her MBA in 2013 and obtained her<br \/>\nAACI designation in 2014. During her time at<br \/>\nAltus, she worked on assignments throughout<br \/>\nNewfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia,<br \/>\nOntario and Quebec. <\/p>\n<p>In 2015, when Altus Group transitioned to<br \/>\nArgus Enterprise, Katie was the first member of<br \/>\nthe Atlantic Canada team to achieve her Argus<br \/>\nEnterprise (AE) certification. She also assisted<br \/>\nothers on the Atlantic Canada team with<br \/>\ntheir training to obtain their AE certification.<br \/>\nFollowing her return to work after the birth<br \/>\nof her second child, she joined the company\u2019s<br \/>\nportfolio team and began working with other<br \/>\nprofessionals from across the country on larger<br \/>\nscale investment assets throughout Ontario,<br \/>\nQuebec and Atlantic Canada.<\/p>\n<p>Katie joined the AIC-NL Board as a Director<br \/>\nin 2015 and subsequently continued to increase<br \/>\nher involvement at the local level as she moved <\/p>\n<p>into the positions of President Elect in 2016,<br \/>\nPresident in 2017 and Past President in 2018.<br \/>\nAt the end of her presidential term, Katie<br \/>\ncontinued her involvement at the Board level by<br \/>\nreturning to a Director\u2019s role and taking on the<br \/>\nTreasurer position, which she currently holds.<\/p>\n<p>Katie\u2019s commitment to the real property<br \/>\nvaluation profession is evidenced by her<br \/>\npeers often seeking her guidance and input<br \/>\non various aspects of the profession. She has<br \/>\nprovided mentoring and training to appraisers<br \/>\nwithin her local market and throughout<br \/>\nthe Atlantic region. She is a committed<br \/>\nprofessional who engages with her co-<br \/>\nworkers and works hard to meet the needs<br \/>\nof her clients. She is always willing to take<br \/>\non a challenge and rise to the occasion. Katie<br \/>\nhas embraced the concept of the \u2018modern<br \/>\nappraisal professional,\u2019 by distinguishing<br \/>\nherself as an appraiser who uses technology<br \/>\nand data to augment her professional<br \/>\njudgement and expertise. In doing so, she<br \/>\nprovides great insights for her clients and is a<br \/>\nrole model for young people embarking on an<br \/>\nappraisal career.<\/p>\n<p>Katie joined the Assessment Division<br \/>\nwithin the City of St. John\u2019s in February<br \/>\n2021 as an Assessment Market Analyst and<br \/>\ncurrently works with the Division as a Senior<br \/>\nAssessor. In this role, she is responsible for<br \/>\nthe assessment of residential and commercial<br \/>\nproperties throughout the City.<\/p>\n<p>Katie\u2019s commitment to the real property valuation<br \/>\nprofession is evidenced by her peers often<br \/>\nseeking her guidance and input on various<br \/>\naspects of the profession.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 56 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>JT Dhoot, AACI, P. App., CBV<\/p>\n<p>JT started his career in banking, where he was<br \/>\nintroduced to real estate appraisal and the<br \/>\ndiverse opportunities available to specialists<br \/>\nwith demonstrated knowledge and expertise<br \/>\nin real estate valuation. Upon obtaining his<br \/>\nBachelor of Applied Financial Services degree<br \/>\nfrom Mount Royal University, he completed<br \/>\nthe Post-Graduate Certificate in Real Property<br \/>\nValuation at UBC and gained experience as<br \/>\na fee appraiser pursuing his AACI, P. App.<br \/>\ndesignation. His curiosity and commitment to<br \/>\nprofessional development motivated him to<br \/>\nalso pursue the Chartered Business Valuator<br \/>\ndesignation, making him one of Canada\u2019s only<br \/>\ndually-qualified professional valuators. <\/p>\n<p>In pursuing knowledge development, JT has<br \/>\ncompleted courses and certificates in various<br \/>\nareas, including alternative dispute resolution<br \/>\nand administrative justice and governance.<br \/>\nSome of these credentials include the National<br \/>\nIntroductory Arbitration Course from the ADR<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada, the Certificate in Tribunal<br \/>\nAdministrative Justice from the Foundation<br \/>\nof Administrative Justice, and the Enhancing<br \/>\nPrivate Equity Governance and Not-for-Profit<br \/>\nGovernance Essentials Programs through the<br \/>\nInstitute of Corporate Directors. Currently,<br \/>\nhe is completing the ICD-Rotman Directors<br \/>\nEducation Program as a prerequisite for  <\/p>\n<p>NEWS\/NOUVELLES<\/p>\n<p>the ICD.D designation, while also taking the<br \/>\nMaster of Forensic Accounting program at the<br \/>\nUniversity of Toronto.  <\/p>\n<p>JT has positively impacted the real<br \/>\nproperty valuation profession by sharing<br \/>\nhis knowledge and experiences through<br \/>\npublications, presentations and community<br \/>\ninvolvement. He co-authored<br \/>\na study for the UBC Sauder School of<br \/>\nBusiness, Real Estate Division, and has<br \/>\nauthored two articles for Canadian Property<br \/>\nValuation magazine. He frequently meets with<br \/>\nstudents and professionals seeking to learn more<br \/>\nabout careers in real estate and valuations. As a<br \/>\nSessional Instructor at the University of Calgary\u2019s<br \/>\nHaskayne School of Business \u2013 Westman<br \/>\nCentre for Real Estate Studies, JT teaches<br \/>\nan undergraduate course on Real Estate<br \/>\nInvestment Analysis. <\/p>\n<p>JT has served as a volunteer on the AIC\u2019s<br \/>\nNational Admissions and Accreditation<br \/>\nCommittee since 2018. He also volunteers<br \/>\non numerous boards and committees of<br \/>\norganizations such as the Real Estate Council<br \/>\nof Alberta, Calgary Assessment Review<br \/>\nBoard, Chartered Professional Accountants<br \/>\nof Alberta, CBV Institute, City of Calgary<br \/>\nand Vecova.<\/p>\n<p>He has embraced technology in his<br \/>\nprofessional practice and business<br \/>\nendeavours in order to analyze data and<br \/>\ncommunicate insights in accessible ways.<br \/>\nBy establishing a robust online presence<br \/>\nthrough social media and digital marketing,<br \/>\nhe has developed a diversified client base<br \/>\ncomprised of investors, professional advisors,<br \/>\npublic institutions, private organizations, and<br \/>\nnot-for-profit corporations. <\/p>\n<p>JT has positively impacted the real property<br \/>\nvaluation profession by sharing his knowledge<br \/>\nand experiences through publications,<br \/>\npresentations and community involvement.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 57Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>NEWS\/NOUVELLES<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e9cipiendaires du prix<br \/>\nTyler Beatty pour 2022<\/p>\n<p>Chaque ann\u00e9e, l\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs (ICE) est fier de s\u00e9lectionner deux jeunes \u00e9valuateurs m\u00e9ritants qui seront reconnus pour<br \/>\nleurs contributions exceptionnelles \u00e0 la profession. \u00c0 compter de 2022, le prix du Meilleur \u00e9valuateur de moins de 40 ans a \u00e9t\u00e9 rebaptis\u00e9 prix<br \/>\nTyler Beatty, en l\u2019honneur de Tyler Beatty, AACI, P. App., qui est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 au mois de mars de cette ann\u00e9e. Tyler \u00e9tait non seulement un b\u00e9n\u00e9vole<br \/>\nexemplaire de l\u2019ICE et un \u00e9valuateur professionnel couronn\u00e9 de succ\u00e8s, mais ses r\u00e9ussites ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 juste titre reconnues avec le prix du<br \/>\nMeilleur \u00e9valuateur de moins de 40 ans, qu\u2019il a re\u00e7u en 2017. Nos r\u00e9cipiendaires m\u00e9ritants pour 2022 sont Katie Manojlovich et JT Dhoot.<\/p>\n<p>Katie Manojlovich, AACI, P.App<\/p>\n<p>Katie s\u2019est jointe au Groupe Altus en janvier<br \/>\n2011, entreprenant simultan\u00e9ment des \u00e9tudes<br \/>\npour obtenir sa d\u00e9signation AACI et poursuivant<br \/>\nses \u00e9tudes de ma\u00eetrise en administration.<br \/>\nElle a obtenu sa ma\u00eetrise en 2013 et sa<br \/>\nd\u00e9signation AACI en 2014. Lors de son passage<br \/>\nchez Altus, elle a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 des contrats de<br \/>\nservice \u00e0 travers Terre-Neuve et le Labrador,<br \/>\nla Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse, l\u2019Ontario et le Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p>En 2015, lorsque le Groupe Altus a fait la<br \/>\ntransition vers Argus Enterprise, Katie a \u00e9t\u00e9 le<br \/>\npremier membre de l\u2019\u00e9quipe du Canada atlantique<br \/>\n\u00e0 d\u00e9crocher sa certification Argus Enterprise<br \/>\n(AE). Elle a \u00e9galement aid\u00e9 d\u2019autres membres<br \/>\nde l\u2019\u00e9quipe dans leur formation pour obtenir leur<br \/>\ncertification AE. Apr\u00e8s son retour au travail suite<br \/>\n\u00e0 la naissance de son deuxi\u00e8me enfant, elle s\u2019est<br \/>\njointe \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe de portefeuilles de la compagnie<br \/>\net a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 travailler avec d\u2019autres<br \/>\nprofessionnels d\u2019un peu partout au pays sur des<br \/>\nactifs de placement \u00e0 plus grande \u00e9chelle en<br \/>\nOntario, au Qu\u00e9bec et dans le Canada atlantique.<\/p>\n<p>En 2015, Katie est devenue membre du<br \/>\nConseil de l\u2019ICE-TN, \u00e0 titre de directrice, apr\u00e8s<br \/>\nquoi elle a continu\u00e9 \u00e0 s\u2019engager de plus en <\/p>\n<p>plus \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle locale, alors qu\u2019elle a occup\u00e9 les<br \/>\npostes de pr\u00e9sidente \u00e9lue en 2016, pr\u00e9sidente<br \/>\nen 2017 et ancienne pr\u00e9sidente en 2018. \u00c0 la fin<br \/>\nde son mandat pr\u00e9sidentiel, Katie est demeur\u00e9e<br \/>\nimpliqu\u00e9e au niveau du Conseil en reprenant un<br \/>\nr\u00f4le de directrice et en assumant la fonction de<br \/>\ntr\u00e9sori\u00e8re, qu\u2019elle exerce actuellement.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019engagement de Katie envers la profession<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuateur professionnel est \u00e9vident, car ses<br \/>\npairs lui demandent souvent des conseils et des<br \/>\nopinions sur divers aspects de la profession.<br \/>\nElle a fourni du mentorat et de la formation aux<br \/>\n\u00e9valuateurs au sein de son march\u00e9 local et \u00e0<br \/>\ntravers la r\u00e9gion de l\u2019Atlantique. Elle est une<br \/>\nprofessionnelle d\u00e9vou\u00e9e qui s\u2019implique avec<br \/>\nses coll\u00e8gues et qui fait tous les efforts pour<br \/>\nr\u00e9pondre aux besoins de ses clients. Katie accepte<br \/>\ntoujours de relever un d\u00e9fi et de se montrer \u00e0 la<br \/>\nhauteur de la situation. Elle a int\u00e9gr\u00e9 la notion du<br \/>\n\u2039 professionnel de l\u2019\u00e9valuation moderne \u203a et s\u2019est<br \/>\ndistingu\u00e9e comme une \u00e9valuatrice qui utilise la<br \/>\ntechnologie et les donn\u00e9es pour parfaire son<br \/>\njugement professionnel et son expertise.<br \/>\nCe faisant, elle apporte de pr\u00e9cieux aper\u00e7us \u00e0 ses<br \/>\nclients, alors qu\u2019elle est un bel exemple pour les<br \/>\njeunes gens qui d\u00e9butent une carri\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9valuateur.<\/p>\n<p>Katie s\u2019est jointe \u00e0 la Division de l\u2019\u00e9valuation<br \/>\nde la Ville de St. John\u2019s, en f\u00e9vrier 2021, \u00e0 titre<br \/>\nd\u2019analyste du march\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9valuation, et elle<br \/>\ntravaille pr\u00e9sentement \u00e0 la Division comme<br \/>\n\u00e9valuatrice principale. Dans ce r\u00f4le, elle est<br \/>\ncharg\u00e9e d\u2019\u00e9valuer des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sidentielles et<br \/>\ncommerciales \u00e0 travers la Ville.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019engagement de Katie envers la profession<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuateur professionnel est \u00e9vident, car ses<br \/>\npairs lui demandent souvent des conseils et des<br \/>\nopinions sur divers aspects de la profession.<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 58 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>NEWS\/NOUVELLES<\/p>\n<p>JT Dhoot, AACI, P. App., CBV<\/p>\n<p>JT a d\u00e9but\u00e9 sa carri\u00e8re dans le secteur<br \/>\nbancaire, o\u00f9 il a d\u00e9couvert l\u2019\u00e9valuation<br \/>\nimmobili\u00e8re et les diverses opportunit\u00e9s qui<br \/>\ns\u2019offrent aux sp\u00e9cialistes ayant d\u00e9montr\u00e9 leurs<br \/>\nconnaissances et leur expertise en mati\u00e8re<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuation immobili\u00e8re. Apr\u00e8s avoir obtenu<br \/>\nson baccalaur\u00e9at en services financiers<br \/>\nappliqu\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Mount Royal, il a<br \/>\ncompl\u00e9t\u00e9 le certificat d\u2019\u00e9tudes sup\u00e9rieures en<br \/>\n\u00e9valuation immobili\u00e8re de l\u2019UBC et acquis de<br \/>\nl\u2019exp\u00e9rience comme \u00e9valuateur \u00e0 honoraires<br \/>\nen poursuivant sa d\u00e9signation AACI, P. App.<br \/>\nSa curiosit\u00e9 ainsi que son engagement envers<br \/>\nle perfectionnement professionnel l\u2019ont<br \/>\n\u00e9galement motiv\u00e9 \u00e0 poursuivre la d\u00e9signation<br \/>\nExpert en \u00e9valuation d\u2019entreprises, faisant de<br \/>\nlui l\u2019un des seuls \u00e9valuateurs professionnels<br \/>\ndoublement qualifi\u00e9s au Canada.<\/p>\n<p>En d\u00e9veloppant ses connaissances, JT a<br \/>\ncompl\u00e9t\u00e9 des cours et des certificats dans<br \/>\ndivers domaines, incluant le mode alternatif de<br \/>\nr\u00e9solution des conflits, la justice administrative<br \/>\net la gouvernance. Certaines de ces qualifications<br \/>\ncomprennent le cours national d\u2019introduction<br \/>\n\u00e0 l\u2019arbitrage de l\u2019Institut d\u2019arbitrage et de<br \/>\nm\u00e9diation du Canada, le Certificate in Tribunal<br \/>\nAdministrative Justice de la Foundation of<br \/>\nAdministrative Justice et les programmes<br \/>\nEnhancing Private Equity Governance et<br \/>\nNot-for-Profit Governance Essentials \u00e0 travers<br \/>\nl\u2019Institut des administrateurs de soci\u00e9t\u00e9s.<br \/>\nIl termine pr\u00e9sentement le programme de <\/p>\n<p>perfectionnement des administrateurs<br \/>\nIAS-Rotman comme pr\u00e9alable \u00e0 la d\u00e9signation<br \/>\nIAS.A, tout en prenant le programme Master of<br \/>\nForensic Accounting \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Toronto.<\/p>\n<p>JT a eu un impact positif sur la profession<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuateur immobilier en partageant ses<br \/>\nconnaissances et exp\u00e9riences dans diff\u00e9rents<br \/>\npublications, pr\u00e9sentations et implications<br \/>\ncommunautaires. Il est coauteur d\u2019une \u00e9tude<br \/>\npour la UBC Sauder School of Business, Real<br \/>\nEstate Division, alors qu\u2019il a r\u00e9dig\u00e9 deux articles<br \/>\npour le magazine \u00c9valuation immobili\u00e8re<br \/>\nau Canada. Il rencontre fr\u00e9quemment des<br \/>\n\u00e9tudiants et des professionnels qui veulent en<br \/>\napprendre davantage sur les carri\u00e8res dans<br \/>\nl\u2019immobilier et l\u2019\u00e9valuation. En tant que charg\u00e9<br \/>\nde cours \u00e0 temps partiel \u00e0 la Haskayne School<br \/>\nof Business \u2013 Westman Centre for Real Estate<br \/>\nStudies de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Calgary, JT donne<br \/>\nun cours conduisant \u00e0 un premier dipl\u00f4me sur<br \/>\nl\u2019analyse des placements immobiliers.<\/p>\n<p>JT sert comme b\u00e9n\u00e9vole au Comit\u00e9 national<br \/>\ndes admissions et de l\u2019accr\u00e9ditation de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\ndepuis 2018. Il donne \u00e9galement de son temps<br \/>\n\u00e0 plusieurs conseils et comit\u00e9s d\u2019organisations<br \/>\ntelles le Real Estate Council of Alberta, le<br \/>\nCalgary Assessment Review Board, les<br \/>\nChartered Professional Accountants of Alberta,<br \/>\nl\u2019Institut des CBV, la Ville de Calgary et Vecova.<\/p>\n<p>Il a adopt\u00e9 la technologie dans sa<br \/>\npratique professionnelle et ses entreprises<br \/>\ncommerciales afin d\u2019analyser les donn\u00e9es et<br \/>\nde communiquer ses perspectives de fa\u00e7on<br \/>\naccessible. En \u00e9tablissant une solide pr\u00e9sence<br \/>\nen ligne \u00e0 travers les r\u00e9seaux sociaux et le<br \/>\nmarketing num\u00e9rique, il s\u2019est b\u00e2ti une client\u00e8le<br \/>\ndiversifi\u00e9e comprenant des investisseurs, des<br \/>\nconseillers professionnels, des institutions<br \/>\npubliques, des organismes priv\u00e9s et des<br \/>\nentreprises sans but lucratif. <\/p>\n<p>JT a eu un impact positif sur la profession<br \/>\nd\u2019\u00e9valuateur immobilier en partageant<br \/>\nses connaissances et exp\u00e9riences dans<br \/>\ndiff\u00e9rents publications.<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 59Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>NEWS\/NOUVELLES<\/p>\n<p>Important dates<br \/>\n\u2022 June 8 -11, 2022 \u2013 AIC Annual Conference<br \/>\n\u2022 June 11, 2022 \u2013 AIC Annual AGM<br \/>\n\u2022 July 1, 2022 \u2013 Co-Signing Policy Mandatory Course Deadline<br \/>\n\u2022 September 30, 2022 \u2013 Membership Dues Deadline<\/p>\n<p>Dates importantes<br \/>\n\u2022 8 \u2013 11 juin 2022 \u2013 Congr\u00e8s annuel de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\n\u2022 11 juin 2022 \u2013 AGA de l\u2019ICE<br \/>\n\u2022 1er juillet 2022 \u2013 \u00c9ch\u00e9ance pour le cours obligatoire de cosignature<br \/>\n\u2022 1er September 2022 \u2013 Cotisations des members<\/p>\n<p>The following AIC Members have passed away. On behalf of everyone connected with<br \/>\nthe Institute and the profession, we extend our sincerest sympathies to their families,<br \/>\nfriends and associates. <\/p>\n<p>Les membres suivants de l&rsquo;ICE sont d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9s. Au nom de tous ceux qui oeuvrent de pr\u00e8s<br \/>\nou de loin au sein de l\u2019Institut et de la profession, nous exprimons nos plus sinc\u00e8res<br \/>\ncondol\u00e9ances \u00e0 leurs familles, amis et associ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>In Memoriam \/ En memoire Ronald W. Conley, AACI, P.App Calgary, AB<br \/>\nHendrik Baayen, AACI, P.App<br \/>\nPeterborough, ON<\/p>\n<p>OUR VISION<\/p>\n<p>To be the most trusted association of <\/p>\n<p>residential appraisal firms in Canada.<\/p>\n<p>OUR MANDATE<\/p>\n<p>BAREA protects and promotes the <\/p>\n<p>business interests of our member firms <\/p>\n<p>through a strong and cohesive voice <\/p>\n<p>as well as the sharing of best practices.<\/p>\n<p>Business Association of Real Estate Appraisers<\/p>\n<p>barea.ca<\/p>\n<p>Stronger together<\/p>\n<p>DON\u2019T GO IT ALONE<\/p>\n<p>OUR VISION<\/p>\n<p>To be the most trusted association of <\/p>\n<p>residential appraisal firms in Canada.<\/p>\n<p>OUR MANDATE<\/p>\n<p>BAREA protects and promotes the <\/p>\n<p>business interests of our member firms <\/p>\n<p>through a strong and cohesive voice <\/p>\n<p>as well as the sharing of best practices.<\/p>\n<p>Business Association of Real Estate Appraisers<\/p>\n<p>barea.ca<\/p>\n<p>Stronger together<\/p>\n<p>DON\u2019T GO IT ALONE<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation  |  \u00c9valuation Immobili\u00e8re au Canada 60 Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/barea.ca<\/p>\n<p>DESIGNATIONS CANDIDATES STUDENTS \/ D\u00c9SIGNATIONS STAGIAIRES \u00c9TUDIANTS<\/p>\n<p>The Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC),<br \/>\ntogether with the provincial associations<br \/>\nand the provincial bodies affiliated with the<br \/>\nAIC, commend the following Members who<br \/>\ncompleted the rigorous requirements for<br \/>\naccreditation as a Designated Member of<br \/>\nthe AIC during the period February 15 to<br \/>\nMay 2, 2022:<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Institut canadien des \u00e9valuateurs (ICE), en<br \/>\ncollaboration avec les associations<br \/>\nprovinciales et les organismes provinciaux<br \/>\naffili\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019ICE, f\u00e9licitent les membres<br \/>\nsuivants qui ont compl\u00e9t\u00e9 le programme<br \/>\nrigoureux d\u2019accr\u00e9ditation \u00e0 titre de<br \/>\nmembre d\u00e9sign\u00e9 de l\u2019ICE durant la<br \/>\np\u00e9riode du du 15 f\u00e9vrier au 2 mai, 2022 :<\/p>\n<p>AIC designations granted \/ D\u00e9signations obtenues de l\u2019ICE<\/p>\n<p>AIC welcomed the following new Candidate members during the<br \/>\nperiod February 15 to May 2, 2022:<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ICE souhaite la bienvenue aux personnes suivantes qui ont joint les rangs des<br \/>\nmembres stagiaires durant la p\u00e9riode du 15 f\u00e9vrier au 2 mai, 2022 :<\/p>\n<p>AACI, P.App<br \/>\nAccredited Appraiser Canadian Institute<\/p>\n<p>Candidates \/ Stagiaires<\/p>\n<p>CRA, P.App<br \/>\nCanadian Residential Appraiser<\/p>\n<p>Alberta<br \/>\nDawn Peterson<\/p>\n<p>British Columbia \/Colombie-Britannique<br \/>\nStuart Slaven<\/p>\n<p>Nova Scotia \/Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse<br \/>\nDion Regular<\/p>\n<p>Ontario<br \/>\nMatthew H. Browning<br \/>\nStephanie S. Elliott<br \/>\nHilary R. Garbens<br \/>\nRobert Kikas<br \/>\nKathleen Leadbeater<br \/>\nLucas Lucchetta<br \/>\nPauline Sim<\/p>\n<p>Alberta<br \/>\nIan M. Day<\/p>\n<p>British Columbia \/ Colombie-Britannique<br \/>\nRichard Rabnett<\/p>\n<p>Manitoba<br \/>\nBenjamin Eisner<\/p>\n<p>Ontario<br \/>\nMaureen Carles-Fadno<br \/>\nPengyu Benjamin Chen<br \/>\nJohn Fraccaro<br \/>\nRyan Gong<br \/>\nStephanie Ingleton<br \/>\nAllison T. Merkley<br \/>\nBenjamin W. Perosin<br \/>\nPatrick D. Scott<br \/>\nScott G. Thompson<br \/>\nElizabeth Turner<br \/>\nNeil Van Wychen<br \/>\nBenny Xie<\/p>\n<p>Prince Edward Island \/\u00cele-du-Prince-\u00c9douard<br \/>\nDavid Ling<\/p>\n<p>Alberta<br \/>\nJohn  Alexander Dutton<br \/>\nBunty Surdhar<br \/>\nPengfei Yang<\/p>\n<p>British Columbia \/<br \/>\nColombie-Britannique<br \/>\nSandy Baletic<br \/>\nJackie En Chieh Chao<br \/>\nHarj Dhaliwal<br \/>\nBraiden Kentala<br \/>\nBrian Lau<br \/>\nTrevor James Leong<br \/>\nCarolina Sequeira Pedro<br \/>\nSam Shunxing Su<br \/>\nTony Hon Kay TSE<br \/>\nThomas Wai<\/p>\n<p>Manitoba<br \/>\nBrendan Derksen<br \/>\nAlexander Ruta<\/p>\n<p>New Brunswick \/<br \/>\nNouveau-Brunswick<br \/>\nAlexander Julien Joseph Drisdelle<br \/>\nPierre Alexandre Frigault<\/p>\n<p>Nova Scotia \/<br \/>\nNouvelle-\u00c9cosse<br \/>\nSandeep Karani<br \/>\nSarah Robichaud<\/p>\n<p>Ontario<br \/>\nOlatunji Adeniran<br \/>\nSeamus Agnew<br \/>\nAnna Avdalyan<br \/>\nMatthew Baumann<br \/>\nJigar Bhatt<br \/>\nEric Bradley<br \/>\nYee On Kelvin Chan<br \/>\nDaniel Christo<br \/>\nHamza Darar<br \/>\nNicholas Richard Davies<br \/>\nCarly Demontigny<br \/>\nBishara Gafour<br \/>\nSimon Gauthier<br \/>\nEdmund Kwok Tai Leung<br \/>\nTaylor Little<br \/>\nJordan Masterson<br \/>\nConnor C. McLean<br \/>\nPaul (Yu) Ming<br \/>\nBoluwarin Mojeed<br \/>\nEvan Newhouse<\/p>\n<p>Alberta<br \/>\nSabir Singh<\/p>\n<p>British Columbia \/<br \/>\nColombie-Britannique<br \/>\nJacqueline Brown<br \/>\nBrad Douglas Goddard<br \/>\nEleni Kripotos<\/p>\n<p>Students \/ \u00c9tudiants<\/p>\n<p>This category of membership serves as the first step on the path to designation<br \/>\nfor those completing their requirements for Candidate membership. Students<br \/>\nconsidering the appraisal profession as a career option are also welcomed to this<br \/>\ncategory of membership.<\/p>\n<p>Cette cat\u00e9gorie d&rsquo;adh\u00e9sion constitue la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape sur la voie de la d\u00e9signation<br \/>\npour ceux qui s\u2019affairent \u00e0 compl\u00e9ter les exigences de la cat\u00e9gorie de membres<br \/>\nstagiaire. Les \u00e9tudiants qui contemplent une carri\u00e8re comme \u00e9valuateur<br \/>\nprofessionnel sont acceuillis dans cette cat\u00e9gorie de membres.<\/p>\n<p>Ha Nhu My Nguyen<br \/>\nBruce Parravicino<br \/>\nChintan Sureshbhai Patel<br \/>\nAshilkumar Dineshchandra Patel<br \/>\nRhonda Grace Rudd<br \/>\nJason Sproule<br \/>\nDaryoush Tahvili<br \/>\nHetvi Trivedi<br \/>\nCindy Tu<br \/>\nMohammad Vafakhah<br \/>\nKimberley Vilos<br \/>\nDarren Wannop<br \/>\nCindy Ka Man Wong<br \/>\nWei Yu<br \/>\nXiaoqing Ze<\/p>\n<p>Quebec \/ Qu\u00e9bec<br \/>\nJoseph Strobel Djieukam<br \/>\nMahdi Farahmandrad<br \/>\nRajesh Thomas Vaidyan<\/p>\n<p>Saskatchewan<br \/>\nSean Kelly<\/p>\n<p>Nova Scotia \/<br \/>\nNouvelle-\u00c9cosse<br \/>\nAmelia Sparks<\/p>\n<p>Ontario<br \/>\nNisar Ahmad Butt<br \/>\nRyan Fraser<br \/>\nJaehyung Kim<br \/>\nAmrinder Singh Kooner<br \/>\nManson Leung<br \/>\nRyan Magee<br \/>\nMark McCreary<br \/>\nBrandon David Rose<br \/>\nKevin Roy<br \/>\nTyler Russell<br \/>\nNam Thai Phuong Tran<\/p>\n<p>Quebec \/ Qu\u00e9bec<br \/>\nJacob Leguerrier<br \/>\nJulie Simard<\/p>\n<p>Volume 66 | Book 2 \/ Tome 2 | 2022 61Return to CONTENTS<\/p>\n<p>The Personal refers to The Personal Insurance Company. THE PERSONAL\u00ae and related trademarks<br \/>\nare trademarks of The Personal Insurance Company. Certain conditions, limitations and exclusions<br \/>\nmay apply.<\/p>\n<p>La Personnelle d\u00e9signe La Personnelle, compagnie d\u2019assurances. La marque LA PERSONNELLE\u2009MD<br \/>\nainsi que les marques de commerce associ\u00e9es sont des marques de commerce de La Personnelle,<br \/>\ncompagnie d\u2019assurances. Certaines conditions, exclusions et limitations peuvent s\u2019appliquer. <\/p>\n<p>When it comes<br \/>\nto insurance,<br \/>\nwe\u2019re stronger<br \/>\ntogether<\/p>\n<p>Lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit<br \/>\nd\u2019assurance,<br \/>\nnous sommes plus<br \/>\nforts ensemble<\/p>\n<p> Exclusive group rates<\/p>\n<p> Customized coverage<\/p>\n<p> Preferred service <\/p>\n<p> Tarifs de groupe exclusifs<br \/>\n Protections adapt\u00e9es  <\/p>\n<p>\u00e0 vos besoins<\/p>\n<p> Service hors pair <\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9couvrez l\u2019assurance auto et<br \/>\nhabitation de La Personnelle<\/p>\n<p>Discover home and auto<br \/>\ninsurance from The Personal<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9couvrez tous les avantages<br \/>\nde faire partie d\u2019un groupe.<br \/>\nlapersonnelle.com\/aicanada<br \/>\n1 888 476-8737<\/p>\n<p>Learn more about the benefits<br \/>\nof being part of a group.<br \/>\nthepersonal.com\/aicanada<br \/>\n1-888-476-8737<\/p>\n<p>As a member of the Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada, you get:<\/p>\n<p>En tant que membre de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\ncanadien des \u00e9valuateurs, profitez<br \/>\nde :<\/p>\n<p>2101460_G0177_Q1-AD-AH_8,5x11_REST_Bil.indd   12101460_G0177_Q1-AD-AH_8,5x11_REST_Bil.indd   1 2022-01-25   15:162022-01-25   15:16<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/thepersonal\/com\/aicanada<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/lapersonnelle.com\/aicanada<\/p>\n<p>Proud professional liability<br \/>\ninsurance partner of the<br \/>\nAppraisal Institute of Canada<\/p>\n<p>Trisura Guarantee Insurance Company is a Canadian owned and operated Property and Casualty insurance company<br \/>\nspecializing in niche insurance and surety products. We are a proud supporter of the Insurance Brokers Association of Canada.<\/p>\n<p>File name: Canadian Property Valuation_8.25&#215;10.75 Client: TRISURA<\/p>\n<p>Size: Custom Created: February 15, 2022<\/p>\n<p>Trim: 8.25\u201d W x10.75\u201d H with .125\u201d bleed Modified: February 15, 2022 4:33 pm<\/p>\n<p>Colour Mode: CMYK Resolution: at least 300 DPI<\/p>\n<p>Trisura.com<\/p>\n<p>Canadian Property Valuation_8.25&#215;10.75.indd   1Canadian Property Valuation_8.25&#215;10.75.indd   1 2022-02-15   4:33 PM2022-02-15   4:33 PM<\/p>\n<p>The Personal refers to The Personal Insurance Company. THE PERSONAL\u00ae and related trademarks<br \/>\nare trademarks of The Personal Insurance Company. Certain conditions, limitations and exclusions<br \/>\nmay apply.<\/p>\n<p>La Personnelle d\u00e9signe La Personnelle, compagnie d\u2019assurances. La marque LA PERSONNELLE\u2009MD<br \/>\nainsi que les marques de commerce associ\u00e9es sont des marques de commerce de La Personnelle,<br \/>\ncompagnie d\u2019assurances. Certaines conditions, exclusions et limitations peuvent s\u2019appliquer. <\/p>\n<p>When it comes<br \/>\nto insurance,<br \/>\nwe\u2019re stronger<br \/>\ntogether<\/p>\n<p>Lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit<br \/>\nd\u2019assurance,<br \/>\nnous sommes plus<br \/>\nforts ensemble<\/p>\n<p> Exclusive group rates<\/p>\n<p> Customized coverage<\/p>\n<p> Preferred service <\/p>\n<p> Tarifs de groupe exclusifs<br \/>\n Protections adapt\u00e9es  <\/p>\n<p>\u00e0 vos besoins<\/p>\n<p> Service hors pair <\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9couvrez l\u2019assurance auto et<br \/>\nhabitation de La Personnelle<\/p>\n<p>Discover home and auto<br \/>\ninsurance from The Personal<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9couvrez tous les avantages<br \/>\nde faire partie d\u2019un groupe.<br \/>\nlapersonnelle.com\/aicanada<br \/>\n1 888 476-8737<\/p>\n<p>Learn more about the benefits<br \/>\nof being part of a group.<br \/>\nthepersonal.com\/aicanada<br \/>\n1-888-476-8737<\/p>\n<p>As a member of the Appraisal<br \/>\nInstitute of Canada, you get:<\/p>\n<p>En tant que membre de l\u2019Institut<br \/>\ncanadien des \u00e9valuateurs, profitez<br \/>\nde :<\/p>\n<p>2101460_G0177_Q1-AD-AH_8,5x11_REST_Bil.indd   12101460_G0177_Q1-AD-AH_8,5x11_REST_Bil.indd   1 2022-01-25   15:162022-01-25   15:16<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"bAXd6tMwUI\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trisura.com\/\">Trisura: Tailor-Made Insurance &amp; Surety Solutions\u00a0<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"oembed-iframe\"  class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Trisura: Tailor-Made Insurance &amp; Surety Solutions\u00a0&#8221; &#8212; Trisura\" src=\"https:\/\/www.trisura.com\/embed\/#?secret=KGOSZgVxaZ#?secret=bAXd6tMwUI\" data-secret=\"bAXd6tMwUI\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":99220,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":""},"class_list":["post-99239","issue","type-issue","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue\/99239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/issue"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aicanada.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}